Antiseptic - ndi chiyani ichi? Kodi n'chiyani?

Chifukwa ntchito antiseptic? Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mitu amene amafuna wapadera, njira mosamala. chakuti pali zambiri yonse ya antiseptics. Onse a iwo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa cholinga chake, mu mlingo kwambiri. Nkhaniyi wapereka kwa mitundu ikuluikulu ya antiseptics ndi ntchito zawo. Timayamba ndi tanthauzo a.

Kodi zisawonongeke?

Izi zikutanthauza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa ndi kuteteza inali kuwola kuwonongeka. chiyambi Greek mawu. Anawamasulira kuti "άντί" amatanthauza "wotsutsana ndi" ndi "σηπτικός" anamasuliridwa kuti "zosauma" kapena "gnoisty".

Ena antiseptics ndi germicidal ndipo angathe kuwononga tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, ena - bacteriostatic ndipo akhoza kuteteza kapena ziletsa kukula.

Antiseptic - mankhwala amene mogwira chimene chasonyeza. Microbicides, amene angathe kuwononga kachilombo particles amatchedwa "mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa."

zotsatira

Kuti kukula mabakiteriya, iwo amafuna yabwino michere sing'anga (kutentha, mpweya, chinyezi). Mkazi aliyense mu moyo wake anakumana ndi zinthu izi chifukwa chosunga chakudya. Chitsanzo china ndi mchitidwe wakale wa mankhwala akufa. N'chifukwa chake pambuyo zaka mazana ambiri, asayansi apeza Mitembo yokhala ndi bwino anasunga? Yankho losavuta kale ntchito antiseptics.

Pamaso maganizo unapangidwa za majeremusi tikunena kupewa kuwonongeka. Poyamba, chiwerengero cha wothandizila anakhumba anatsimikiza, monga iwo amati, "ndi diso". njira izi sizinali zolondola, koma zochitika, monga ife tikudziwira, akubwera ndi nthawi ndi ntchito. Today antiseptics ali ayesedwa monga mmene chikhalidwe choyera cha mtundu makamaka mabakiteriya kapena spore ndi njira vegetative. Pakuti kuyerekezera mphamvu kanthu anatengedwa ntchito monga muyezo njira phenol (amadzimadzi).

Choncho, antiseptic - ndi antiseptic tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mankhwala. Tsopano ife adzamvetsa mu ziti izo nthawi zambiri ntchito.

Antiseptic mankhwala

Mu ichi disinfection m'dera n'kofunika kwambiri. Pamaso pa Kubwera kwa antiseptics khalidwe ano ankagwiritsa ntchito "mawotchi kuyeretsa" ndi kungomasula ndi purulent formations. Ndi theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XVIII. Lister anaphunzira "nyongolosi chiphunzitso cha inali kuwola", olembedwa Lui Pasterom. Potengera lingaliro, posakhalitsa lofalitsidwa ndi pepala kuulula mfundo za opaleshoni antiseptic.

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa karboliki asidi. Inali njira zatsopano pofuna kuchiza abscesses ndi fractures lotseguka. Kwenikweni ake bandaging ndi njira asidi izi. Lister anakhala woyambitsa wa antiseptic, kumathandiza bwino kulimbana ndi matenda. Komanso peresenti asanu njira anali superimposed pa chilonda, ndipo anthu awiri ankapatsidwa sutures ndi Mavalidwe, opaleshoni munda manja.

Listerovskogo antiseptic sikuti anali kumbali komanso adani odzipereka. Iwo anali olumikizidwa ndi irritants kwambiri ndi zotsatira poizoni zimakhudzira onse wodwala, ndi m'manja mwa dokotala wa. Choncho, ntchito m'dera limeneli anapitiriza intensively. A kotala ya atumwi ina, njira aseptic anatulukira. kutsegula zotsatira zochititsa chidwi. Moti panali maganizo kusiya antiseptics. Komabe, zimenezi zachitikadi zosatheka. Ntchito anapitiriza.

Posakhalitsa, atsopano ankanena antiseptics, kupatula angaononge thupi. Yemweyo zipangizo zitsulo processing opaleshoni zida ndi zinthu wodwalayo ozungulira. Choncho asepsis ndi antisepsis zapiringizana ndi zolimba kwambiri.

mitundu ya antiseptics

Mawotchi. Timatha kuyeretsa tizilombo toyambitsa chilonda nonviable minofu (kutsuka purulent M'mimbamo excision (chithandizo) bala pansi ndi m'mbali mwake).

Thupi (bandaging, ntchito kuyanika a ufa, laser, ultraviolet kunyezimira).

Mankhwala. Nkofunika osati mankhwala a matenda chilonda, komanso kupewa awo. ingafooketse tizilombo lapansi.

Tizilombo. Ndi zochokera ntchito gulu osiyanasiyana ndithu ndi lalikulu mankhwala zinthu monga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono foni lokha ndi poizoni ake, potero utithandize mphamvu zoteteza thupi lonse (bacteriophages, mankhwala antitoxins (nthawi zambiri ichi ndi seramu), proteolytic michere).

Osokonezeka. Ambiri kumatanthauza mitundu angapo nthawi imodzi (mwachitsanzo, ndi preprocessing bala pamalo (mawotchi), ndipo kumayambiriro a kafumbata toxoid (kwachilengedwenso)).

Chiwerengero cha antiseptics lero yaikulu. Koma ntchito zawo ndi nthawi zovuta. M'mawu ena, mawu "usawonongeke - maantibayotiki" Ndipotu, yolondola. Komabe, popanda "thandizo zina" mu mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chilonda disinfection wa malo mankhwala lero sangathe kuchita.

Tsopano yang'anani pa antiseptics ambiri mankhwala.

alcohols

Mowa, isopropyl, propyl. Anthu ambiri pa 60% 90%. Iwo ntchito zonse mu mawonekedwe woyera ndi kusakaniza mu. Lolani kuti mankhwala khungu isanafike jekeseni opaleshoni. alcohols izi nthawi zambiri pamodzi ndi ayodini tincture kapena ndi cationic wothandizila pamwamba-yogwira (chlorhexidine gluconate, benzalkonium enaake, octenidine dihydrochloride).

mankhwala ammonium

dzina lina wamba - HOUR. Iwo ali chiwerengero cha mankhwala (benzalkonium mankhwala enaake (BAC), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (STMV), benzethonium mankhwala enaake (BZT), cetylpyridinium mankhwala enaake (CPC kapena Cetrim)). Benzalkonium mankhwala enaake anawonjezera kuti ena disinfectants. Chofunika mankhwala khungu asanachite opareshoni. Ntchito mutipatse matawulo antiseptic. Antimicrobial kanthu inactivated QAC surfactants zinthu anionic (mwachitsanzo, sopo).

boric asidi

Chikalatacho mu suppository zochizira matenda ukazi mafangasi. Boric asidi kwambiri ndewu nsungu kuukira HIV. Chikalatacho mu kirimu ku amayaka ndipo njira kwa magalasi.

Hlorgeskidina gluconate

Izi ndilochokera ku biguanide. Analimbikitsa ndende - kuchokera 0.5% 4%. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito zonse yekha ndi osakaniza alcohols lapansi. Ntchito ngati antiseptic khungu. Izo ntchito pa matenda a gingivitis.

wanzeru wobiriwira

Anthu ambiri amatchedwa "wobiriwira utoto". A mankhwala sizachilendo. Ntchito mankhwala mabala, abscesses yaing'ono. ingafooketse tizilombo galamu HIV.

hydrogen peroxide

antiseptic Izi ntchito deodorization ndi kukonza mabala ndi zilonda. Tsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri alandire ndi zikande, ndi umbilical chingwe. Mukhozanso 6% ndi 3 njira%.

ayodini

Nthawi zambiri ntchito mowa njira, njira "Lugol". Zi- ndipo pambuyo ntchito antiseptic. Mankhwala mabala ang'ono iwo tikulimbikitsidwa osati chifukwa imapititsa amamuyambitsa timabala. Ubwino waukulu - mkulu antimicrobial ntchito. Ndi kukhudzana yaitali kuti zofunika amapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuphatikizapo mitundu zovuta spores wa tizilombo.

Amatanthauza "Miramistin"

m'badwo uno latsopano mankhwala. Medicament "Miramistin" - ndi antiseptic, amene ntchito mankhwala (kapena kupewa), matenda a mafangasi, tizilombo toyambitsa chikhalidwe. Russian kupanga. Zochizira matenda ambiri opatsirana (chimfine) Kawirikawiri amalangiza izi antiseptic. Ndemanga za izo ku mbali yaikulu zabwino kwambiri. Mankhwala akugwira ntchito ndi osiyanasiyana yotakata tizilombo timene timayambitsa kutupa ndi suppuration mabala, zilonda zapakhosi, matenda a mafangasi, chlamydia, nsungu ndi ena. Amalalikira wothandizila "Miramistin" ku malo ambiri tizilomboto chimadalira.

SDA

Dzina chachiwiri - antiseptic, stimulant. Iwo kuzimwera antimicrobial ndi zolimbikitsa katundu. Izi zimathandiza kusintha kamvekedwe chonse, amachepetsa kawopsedwe. Yogwira ndi staphylococcus, tubercle Bacillus ndi ena. Iwo ali m'malo zosasangalatsa Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala fungo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri ntchito zolinga Chowona Zanyama.

phenol

Mu njira ntchito pochiza dzanja dokotala asanalankhule opaleshoni. Ndi bwino kuti muzimutsuka pakhosi patsekeke. phenol ufa n'kuwaza m'michombo pa machiritso. Iwo ali onse antiseptic ndi analgesic zotsatira.

Antiseptics ndi mankhwala

Iwo amafuna makampani chakudya. Childs, izi antiseptics, mchere; kutetezera, nthawi zambiri asidi (mwachitsanzo, acetic asidi, onse amene akudziwika). Ndi chifukwa iwo kuti pali kuthekera kwa nthawi yaitali kusunga zakudya zam'chitini. wokangalika ntchito antiseptics zomangamanga. Iwo anawonjezera kuti ambiri utoto. Izi zimathandiza kuti n'chongoletsa ndi microflora saprophytic. Wood usawonongeke - ndi chida champhamvu ndi buluu, nkhungu, zinthu zowola ndi moto. Komanso kumawonjezera alumali moyo wa mtengo mwatsopano anachekedwa.

Makamaka kufunika glazing antiseptics. Ndi chiyani icho? Choncho kuitana mankhwala, kulola kusunga kapangidwe nkhuni ndipo nthawi yomweyo limatsindika kukongola kwake. Translucent antiseptic amachepetsa zotsatira zimawononga chinyezi, kuwala ultraviolet, kusintha kutentha, ndi polimbana tizilombo. Antiseptics ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Iwo anawonjezera kuti detergents, anachitira chipinda.