Anthu Veps: photos, miyambo, chikhalidwe, maonekedwe, zovala dziko, chidwi mfundo

Tsiku ndi tsiku ndi maphunziro kusukulu tikuphunzira chiyani za mbiri ya dziko lawo, tikuphunzira anthu a Russia. Veps chomwecho pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana akukuwerengerani. Ndipotu, tikulankhula za loloseredwa Russia, popanda kuganizira mizu yake. Atafunsidwa kuti: "Kodi mukudziwa za Veps" - pafupifupi aliyense adzayankha kuti mtundu pafupifupi zinatha. Ndi zamanyazi kuti anthu saperekanso mu peculiarities chikhalidwe, ntchito chikhalidwe ndi miyambo ya mtundu wakale. Ngakhale, anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti Veps loyenda magazi, ndipo anati anthu a Veps ndi gawo la mbiri ya mabanja ambiri, choncho Mulimonsemo tiyenera kukumbukira, kodi inuyo kuwononga zakale. ngati aliyense ankaganiza kuti kunali anthu wakale wa Russia tikuchipeza chuma cha m'deralo, choncho kuiwala Veps - kuli ngati kudula chidutswa cha mbiri ya dziko.

Vepsians ndi ndani?

Izi ndi mtundu ochepa, amene amakhala mu Republic of Karelia. Nthawi zambiri anthu Vepsians kutsanzira magulu ena a kum'mwera Karelian, iye amadzitcha yekha mawu "lyadinikad". Only ntchito ochepa ethnonyms "bepsya" kapena "veps" chifukwa iwo akhala kudziwika anthu wapfuko limodzi. Mwalamulo otchedwa Chud Veps, koma kunyumba ntchito dzina-onyoza zonyoza kum'chitira: Chukharev kapena Caivano.

Nkhani ya Karelian anthu

anthu Veps mwalamulo otchedwa Chud mpaka 1917. More dzina lakale vepsya m'nthawi ya 20 ndi pafupifupi kwina kulikonse olembedwa. Mu ntchito za mbiri Yorodano, chojambulidwa cha 6 m'ma BC, angapezeke akutchula za makolo a Veps, monga iwo anati magwero Arabic, mu "nthano ya makedzana Zaka" ntchito za olemba Western. Ndi malo ofukula zinthu zakale ya anthu akale monga n'chodabwitsa ambiri kuikidwa ndi midzi munthu awonekera mu 10 - chiyambi cha m'ma 12 pa dera la malo Nyanja Ladoga, Onega ndi Belozerja. Veps nawo mapangidwe a Russian Komi. M'zaka za m'ma 18, anthu amati ndi Karelian Olonets mafakitale zida. Mu zaka 30 ku pulayimale tinayesetsa kuti atchule maphunziro chinenero Vepsian. Mu 1980s mochedwa m'masukulu ena anayambanso chinenero kuphunzitsa, ngakhale tsopano phunziroli wapadera, koma anthu ambiri kulankhula ndi kuganiza Russian. Pa nthawi yomweyo pali gulu lake cholinga chachikulu chinali kutsitsimutsa chikhalidwe Veps.

Pachikhalidwe Vepsians chinkhoswe m'mayiko olimapo, koma ziweto ndi kusaka anapatsidwa udindo sekondale. kufunika kwakukulu kwa kwapakati pa-mowa ankaimba nsomba ndi kusonkhana. Development wa ntchito ndipo burlachestva nyengo mitsinje inayamba mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma 18. Mbiya kusanduka Oyat Mtsinje. Pa nthawi Union, Veps kumpoto anayamba kuchita chitukuko mafakitale mwala kukongoletsa, anaonekera nyama ndi mkaka. Kamakhala m'mizinda, 49,3% ya anthu, ambiri ntchito makampani odula mitengo.

Kayamba anthu Vepsian amabwerera kalekale. The zochitika zofunika kwambiri, ndi zokhudza mmodzi wa outposts waukulu kwambiri m'dziko - Ladoga, kenako mbiri zakale zapiringizana ndi Novgorod State.

malo

Malinga ndi magwero yofanana ndi anthu Karelian yolowera chakumadzulo Prionezhye motsogozedwa kum'mwera kumpoto, mudzi Gimreka (kumpoto Veps). The kupeza lalikulu mfundo ankaona Rybreka, Sheltozero ndi mudzi ili 60 Km from Petrozavodsk - Shoksha.

Midzi yambiri ili mu mtsinje Oyat, malire lifanane ndi chigawo cha dera Leningrad Vinnitsa. mfundo zofunika kwambiri ndi Nyanja Yaroslaviches, Ladva ndi Nadporozhe.

Pa otsetsereka a kumpoto ndi kum'maŵa pa phiri Vepsskaya linaikidwa wina wa midzi yaikulu - Shimozero Komabe, anthu ambiri anasamukira kumwera: mwa Meghri, OshTU ndi Ascension.

The kuchuluka kwa Meghri isanafalikire limodzi midzi, wotchedwa Belozersk. Malowa ali pamtunda wa makilomita 70 kuchokera White Lake. Ndi kuthetsa waukulu imatengedwa kuti ada mangala.

The inflow ndi Chagodishi m'dera Sidorovo, kunyumba Efimovskaya Veps. Shugozerskaya gulu ili pafupi ndi akasupe a mitsinje Pasha ndi Kapsch.

Chakudya ndi ziwiya

The zakudya Vepsians Chili mbale latsopano ndi chikhalidwe. Mkate iwo chochititsa, ndi acidity. Posachedwapa, izo ochuluka kuyambira kugula mu masitolo. Kuwonjezera pa kuphika Vepsians waukulu kuphika nsomba mikate (Kurniki) kalitady - mikate momasuka ndi mapira phala kapena mbatata yosenda, mitundu yonse ya mipira, cheesecakes ndi zikondamoyo. Koma pohlebok, lofalitsidwa koposa msuzi, zosiyanasiyana soups ndi makutu. The chakudya tsiku limapangidwa Veppsians monga chimanga, ntchito yokonza zimene balere, rye (ufa). Wojambula wa anthu Karelian ndi oatmeal. A kufala wokoma kiranberi madzi ndi chimera mtanda. Komanso mu Russia, Veps ngati kvass ndi balere mowa. Moŵa chikuchitika kawiri pa chaka, maholide lilikuyandika. Koma mwachizolowezi Vepsians chizolowezi kusangalala tiyi amphamvu.

Zilibe kwanthawi kumbuyo chitukuko ndi pafupifupi aiwala ndi anthu onse. Panopa ali ndi ufulu kugula katundu mu malonda maukonde, amene poyamba yekha akulakalaka (maswiti, masoseji, shuga, masikono), ndipo kuli mankhwala ena Vepsians n'komwe (pasta, zamzitini chakudya ndi zipatso). Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha mankhwala m'masitolo, anthu okhala m'midzi nkhalango. Pakali pano, Veps anthu bwino mbale watsopano (msuzi, goulash, dumplings, saladi).

Sport ndi Moyo

Monga tanenera poyamba, za ulimi anali maziko a chuma, ngakhale ng'ombe unatenga malo kwambiri. Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 19 anayamba chitukuko cha kukolola zikuluzikulu matabwa. ulimi zochokera ambiri mu malangizo nyama ndi mkaka.

Dera anthu a Veps, panali mafakitale, zomwe zinachititsa kuti outflow wa ambiri anthu wamphamvu mu zigawo ndi amphamvu ukatswiri mafakitale ndi kupanga. Pakuti midzi yodziwika ndi ufulu dongosolo. Location kunyumba anatsimikiza ndi mpumulo zovuta mtunda ndi contours ya katundu wambiri.

malawi miyambo

kanyumba Nthawi zambiri anamangidwira pa podklepe mkulu, kumene m'chipinda chapansi malinga ndi miyambo ya anthu. Veps kwa mpanda wa nyumba zawo pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu matabwa larch. Mbali yaikulu ya chikhalidwe Veps kanyumba - ndi T-zooneka Kamangidwe. Pansi pa denga munkakhala gawo zogona ndi bwalo yosanjikizana. Bwino-Veps (anthu, chidwi mfundo ku moyo wa wamng'ono odziwika) nyumba zomangidwa ndi lonse, anapangidwa ndi sitepe trims mazenera ndi pang'ono olowa kwambiri khoma. The wapakamwa wa nyumbayi ndithu anayang'ana pa msewu, ndi oyandikana kwake zonse anali ndendende mu mzere. Aliyense payekhapayekha anabwera ndi ulemerero kwa nyumba zawo: ena makonde chosema ili pansi lokwera denga la nyumba.

Mkati mwa ziwiri nduna Zodzigawira ndi ziwiya tiyi ndi zinthu zina wosakhulupirira m'magulu 2. Mu mzere ndi kugawa otchedwa anali Russian mbaula - likulu la kanyumba lapansi. Izi lingaliro zofunika kwambiri pa anthu Karelian ntchito osati kwa magetsi komanso zosangalatsa ndi kuyanika zovala. Veps ankakhulupirira kuti nyumba (pertizhand) amakhala pansi uvuni.

Aliyense kanyumba anali Saint ngodya, pamwamba amene anapereka chizindikiro ndi kusungidwa mu singano m'munsi ulusi ndi mfundo ndi mchere. Zina kakang'ono, monga matabwa ndi mbiya, anaiika kabati-posudnik. Malinga ndi Chifinishi mapulani tebulo zinachitika pa khoma wapakamwa. Zochitikazo kanyumba Vepsians miyambo nyali. A khalidwe kuvomerezedwa nyumba anali mchikuta matabwa. Monga ulamuliro, theka wamkazi wa bedi anaika pafupi ndi bedi ndi chifuwa, ena kwake ndi mazenera anaika nsalu.

zovala

Traditional Veps zovala homespun, sikuti kuyambira chiyambi cha 30s lapansi. Sizinali zachilendo Mzinda Wonse suti. Mu masiku akale Vepsians anapita kukagwira ntchito mu thalauza ndi lalifupi odula, ankavala pamwamba pa zovala. zovala akazi anali ofanana mu odulidwa ndi mwamuna, monga pansi pansi, nthawi zonse kuvala malaya (ryatstsin) ndi chovala.

anthu Veps (chithunzi kuperekedwa mu nkhaniyi), tikukhala mu Karelia, maholide ovala smartly. Amayi angathe kuona kuwala zamphepo-kazachkah ndi masiketi ndi matewera. Monga chisoti anatumikira monga mpango, ndipo anakwatira fairer theka la anthu ayenera kuti ankavala ndipo komabe ochipok. Nsapato anapambana chikopa, birch makungwa bast, kapena virzut, kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito.

Odulidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zovala, ali pafupi kwambiri severnovelikorusskim, koma ndi zinthu zambiri wokongola pachiyambi. Choncho, sundresses akanakhoza kokha kuwonedwa Veps moyo kum'mwera kwa Karelia, koma akazi Prionezhye - mu siketi longitudinally-wovulidwa. Amuna ankavala zipewa m'nyengo yozizira hares ubweya ndi neckerchief (kaglan Pike).

Lero, zovala anthu samavala Veps anthu, zovala dziko zinasungidwa kokha okalamba. Ku miyambo headscarves ntchito mpaka pano, polusukonnye malaya, mapeyala masiketi ndi knitwear.

Veps (anthu): maonekedwe ndi mtundu

The wakale Karelian Folk - gawo la mtundu European ndi wodetsedwa Ural. Veps yaing'ono msinkhu, ndi kukula pafupifupi mutu, nkhope ya pang'ono awo flattened, mphumi otsika, nsagwada m'munsi pang'ono kukodzedwa cheekbones protrude, ndi amphuno nsonga ndi kukwezeka, monga khalidwe la kukula ka tsitsi pa mmunsi mwa nkhope. Tsitsi okhala Republic of Karelia kulongosola, makamaka yowala.

zikhulupiriro

Sanataye makhalidwe dziko lawo n'zosadabwitsa zabwino anthu Veps. Mwachidule za chikhalidwe ndi miyambo ya, mudzaphunzira mtsogolo pang'ono, koma tsopano ine ndikanafuna kufotokoza za chikhulupiriro. Veps ankalambira spruce, mlombwa, rowan, alder, iwo ankakhulupirira kuti kuli nyumba, madzi, pabwalo ndi makamu zina. Patapita zaka 11-12, mwa Vepsians kufalitsa ziphunzitso, koma zikhulupiriro za Chikristu chisanayambe yaitali analimbikira.

chikhalidwe

Ku mtundu wanyimbo wowerengeka anali wotchuka miyambi wowerengeka songs, nkhani woona ndi nthano agonjetsi zosiyanasiyana. Mu zaka za m'ma 20 m'malo kantele anabwera mogwirizana ndi akuda zazing'ono. Veps kuchita nkhuni m'mbale, walukidwa kuchokera ku makungwa, kuumbidwa kuchokera ku dothi, kupeta ndi kuluka.

galimotozi

M'madera oyandikana anthu Vepsian anali kutenga makamaka zoyendera msewu, koma kuthetsa Lodeynoye Pole Leningrad ndi kulankhulana omangidwa mpweya. Kumwera Veps Zaborje ku siteshoni kuti agwiritse ntchito chomera sitima matabwa. M'madera ena, gululi zinali zotheka pa thalakitala ndi ngolo. Slotting maboti Aspen anasangalala akukhala mitsinje yaing'ono Veps. Anthu (zithunzi ndi mfundo zosangalatsa operekedwa mu nkhaniyi) ndi zoyenda padziko yoyenda (hon-goy), amene anaphatikiza m'mbali mwa chipika-zoyandama.

Chikhalidwe ndi miyambo Vepsians

Zikhalidwe za anthu (Vepsians nazonso) ndikhoza kuwauza iwo zambiri zothandiza. Ankaimba ukwati okhala Republic la Karelia m'nyengo yozizira, koma ichi chidachitika okha matchmaking. Mu nkhani ya kukana msungwanayo anali mu ngodya kwanu kuponya 3 zipika. Ngati chibwenzi inatha pangano, makolo mkwatibwi anapita kukaona mkwati kuyendera nyumba ndi munda. Pamaso pa ukwati, achinyamata ayenera kukhala kudalitsa makolo.

Maliro Veps inkakhala mitundu iwiri: woyamba zosowa za maliro a womwalirayo, ndipo chachiwiri - "razveselenie" wakufayo.