Alikibishopu Seraphim Sobolev: yonena, zodabwitsa, chithunzi

Mphepo tsiku November 1920 anachoka Sevastopol mlatho patakhazikitsidwa ngalawa "Khersones", kudya emigration anthu amene okha dzulo m'manja kuyesera kusukulutsa chipwirikiti chimene chikubwera. Mwa alonda amene tikulephera pa sitimayo ndi maganizo pansiyi ikuchoka mu mtunda Beach, anali munthu wamtali makumi anayi zovala kumene kumakhala Amonke - Bishop Seraphim (Sobolev).

Childhood ndi zaka za kuphunzira tsogolo la wokonda moyo wodzimana ndi

Malo Saint Seraphim (Sobolev) 13 December, 1881 mu Ryazan. Mu ubatizo oyera dzina lake Nicholas. Asanapite analandira maphunziro panyumba, 1894, khumi ndi zitatu podzikongoletsa m'maso anali m'sukuluyo Ryazan wauzimu. Kuyambira mu mayeso pakhomo iye zinaposa nzeru zake za anzawo, ndi Woyang'anira anapeza n'zotheka kulembetsa Nicholas kamodzi kalasi wachiwiri.

Mnyamata, mphatso ndi chikhalidwe Nditchimo malingaliro ndi kupirira, zinali zosavuta kwa zaka zisanu ku sukulu, kukhala pakati pa ophunzira bwino kumapeto kwa phunziro ndipo mu 1904 analowa St. Petersburg Theological Academy. Nawa kwambiri kudziwa kuti yekha njira yake anafunira moyo kutumikira Mulungu, wasukuluyo anasonyeza kuti akufuna kusiya dziko lonse pake ndi kukhala wansembe. Kumapeto kwa January 1908, kale chaka chatha pa Academy, anatenga malonjezo kumene kumakhala Amonke ndi dzina Seraphim, polemekeza woyera wa Mulungu wa St. Seraphim wa Sarov, amene anafuna mu msonkhano, ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi iye anadzozedweratu kuti unsembe.

Chiyambi cha ntchito yogwira achipembedzo

Mu September chaka chomwecho Hieromonk Seraphim anakumana chodzikanira pa nkhani yolembedwa ndi. mutu iye anasankha chiphunzitso cha kudzichepetsa mu ulaliki wa makolo woyera V-XV zaka tsiku limene mndandanda wa ntchito anali wasenza, akuti "Philokalia". Maphunziro Council ya Academy, familiarized ndi ntchito za maphunziro, ndipo anagwirizana anavomereza izo, Tcheyamani wa ntchito, Professor FF Bronzov kuti kunali koyenera kuti umboni wa kuvomerezedwa zikalata mlingo wa ntchito imeneyi singathe kufotokoza nkhani yolembedwa mbuye.

Zaumulungu wamng'ono anatsegula ziyembekezo ndi ntchito oyambirira ndi bwino. Pomwepo pa chiphaso cha dipuloma Hieromonk Seraphim (Sobolev) walangizidwa ntchito pedagogical mu Zhitomir, ndiyeno Kaluga, amene amaperekera udindo wa woyang'anira sukulu achipembedzo. Tsopano chaka chilichonse akukhala ntchito makwerero sitepe iye. Mu 1911, iye - Woyang'anira seminare mu Kostroma, ndipo mu 1912 - ndi rector wa seminare Voronezh. Chotero, izo limatuluka ndi kudzodza. Mu Voronezh anakhala Archimandrite. Pamodzi ndi kuphunzitsa, Fr. Seraphim (Sobolev), kumachita mkonzi wa nyuzipepala ina kuti "Diocesan boma yotchedwa Gazette".

Jobs kupanduka seminare

Rector malo unachitikira mpaka 1918, koma kale pa chiyambi cha ntchito anakumana ndi zizindikiro loyamba la tsoka m'tsogolo. Izo ziri zodziwika bwino kuti mmodzi wa asilikali a galimoto pamsewu kugonjetsa ndiye alipo mu ufumu Russian anali wophunzira thupi.

Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa. Young, mosavuta amenable kwa watsopano, nthawi zina kunja modzionetsera ndipo wokongola malingaliro chikhalidwe, ophunzira nthawi zambiri ndi plaything m'manja mwa adventurers ndale. Oddly zokwanira, koma chimodzimodzi ntchito osati ophunzira mayunivesite Soviet, komanso kwa ophunzira m'sukulu za maphunzira auzimu, potenga gawo mu kunyanyala ndale ndi zitsanzo.

Ophunzira Voronezh seminare rector amene anali Archimandrite Seraphim (Sobolev) mosachotsera. Komanso, ngakhale pamaso pa udindo wake ku malo a sukulu "adalemekeza" lonse la Russia chifukwa chakuti ophunzira ake anachita pofuna pa Rector yapita ndi Woyang'anira. kalata kuchokera kwa Atate Seraphim wa mnzake, limene chifundo ndi rector yemwenso wa, limatcha zimenezi seminare "naibeznadozhneyshey" ndi "wopanduka".

amakakamizidwa emigration

Zitasintha October ndi chiyambi cha Civil nkhondo, Archimandrite Seraphim, kutsanzika ntchito Rector ndi kuswa mgwirizano ndi akonzi a "Diocesan boma yotchedwa Gazette", anatumiza kum'mwera kwa Russia. Pali analandira pa kutaya kapangidwe ka ulamuliro kachipembedzo, kupangidwa mu 1919, unachitikira pa bwalo Stavropol mpingo. analenga chifukwa chakuti m'madera ambiri kum'mwera kwa dziko anadukana mkulu utsogoleri mpingo wa Civil nkhondo amadzibisa.

Mu October, 1920 ku Simferopol, pansi mfuti kubangula kwa patsogolo Red Army, St Archimandrite Seraphim (Sobolev) anakwezedwa episcopacy lapansi. Zinali kudzipereka komaliza nthaka kunyumba. September 14, anapita kwa Constantinople. Analisiya zaka makumi anai a moyo anakhala mu Russia, patsogolo pa kuyembekezera zaka emigration.

Mu gombe lachilendo

Pa nthawi imeneyo Constantinople anakhala pothawirapo ambiri amene kuthawa opusa ndi opanda chifundo mkwiyo oledzera chigonjetso cha Bolsheviks, anasiya Russia. Kukhala m'dziko lachilendo, popanda zilumikizano, popanda kudziwa chinenero, ndipo nthawi zambiri popanda ndalama, anthu anafunika mu mawu otentha mtima m'busa, luso potonthoza ndi kupereka mphamvu kwa anthu amene anasiyidwa. Choncho mtsogoleri wauzimu pakati pawo ndipo anakhala Saint. Seraphim (Sobolev) yokha otsekeredwa mu osachepera malo ovuta.

Amphamvu mu 1920 pa funde la Russian emigration wa Constantinople ndi chaka chamawa, pang'onopang'ono anayamba kufalitsa padziko lonse. Pamodzi ndi muno lamanzere kugombe la Bosphorus ndi Bishop Seraphim. njira Yake unachitikira ku Bulgaria, komwe, ngakhale nthawi yaitali ulamuliro Turkey, mbiri yakale Orthodox mwambo.

Pakati pa abale m'chikhulupiriro

Kufika m'chaka cha 1921 ku Sofia, iye afika poika loyamba la bishopu Bogucharsky, ndipo posakhalitsa anakhala abbot kachisi ndi mkulu wakale wa kazembe wa dziko la Russia Orthodox maparishi. Pano, ku likulu la Bulgaria, anapitiriza ft wake wotumikira Mulungu, monga mwakhama kukwaniritsa zopatsidwa kwa iye ndi kumvera, monganso iye ankakonda kukhala mu Russia.

Mu 1935, oyera tsogolo Seraphim anakwezedwa udindo wa bishopu wamkulu. Izo zinali mu mmasate, anayamba ntchito yake wazamulungu zambiri komanso wolemba. Mu 1935, mwa kusindikiza ntchito yake, imene woyera kulowa mtsutso zamulungu ndi akuluakulu amenewa anazindikira za chipembedzo monga Vladimir Solovyov, Florensky ndi Bulgakov.

Political ndi nzeru zaumunthu maganizo Vladyka Seraphim

Mu August 1937 pa Zonse-ankagwiritsidwa Council Church Bogucharsky Bishop Seraphim (Sobolev) anachita ndi kutsutsa aliuma zimene pa nthawiyi anali mmaonekedwe a ecumenism - umodzi wa mfundo vsehristianskogo. Ponena za mabuku a Abambo tchalitchi indisputably anawatsimikizira unacceptability kuphunzitsidwa kwa Russian Orthodox.

Patatha zaka ziwiri mu bukhu kusindikiza anaonekera, imene Seraphim (Sobolev) Bishop ntchito zisakuyenda bwino. "Russian mfundo" - ngati iye anafotokoza ntchito yake, kuwayika iye mu tithe kutsogolo kwa ideologists wa monarchism Orthodox. Mu bukhu, anaona autocracy, monga Zimatheka boma ku Russia, natsutsa mfundo Westernist a Peter Ine ndi otsatira ake kenako, ndipo amatchedwanso kuti chitsitsimutso cha ufumu Russian.

Mawu anadabwa omvetsera

M'mawu ake, Bishop Seraphim nthawi zina kwakukulu kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, owerenga ambiri aimitsa lingaliro lake ya chilango cha imfa kwa anthu omwe amalimbikitsa kulibe Mulungu ndi olakwa mwano. N'zovuta kunena, monga wolemba zogwirizana maganizo ofanana ndi mfundo za chikondi ndi chikhululukiro Mkhristu.

Osiyanasiyana nkhani anakhudzidwa ndi Bishop Seraphim anali waukulu kwambiri. Mu nkhani nyuzipepala lake si alakwa ndi funso, monga likupezeka maganizo ake, kutsutsana za Gregory kalendala ndondomeko zampingo. Mkanganowu chimene chinayamba padziko nkhaniyi, sanaime ngakhale kwa nthawi yaitali.

kanthu molimba mtima

Chochitika chofunika mu moyo wa Bishop Seraphim anali pempho ake olembedwa, zimakambidwa April 1945 mu USSR, mabishopu, Alexy I. Mu iye anauyamba n'kupempha kwa Moscow Orthodox. Popeza kusiyana pakati pa zaka za atsogoleri achipembedzo a emigration ndi abale awo mwa Khristu, amene ankagwira ntchito yake ya abusa ku Soviet Union, tikhoza kuganiza mphamvu maganizo zinamulepheretsa zochita.

Nkhani imeneyi mlingo angathetse okha Stalin. Motsogozedwa dzina lake memo Pskov Bishop Gregory (Chukov), yemwe anapita atatsala pang'ono mpingo Chibugariya, Bishop Seraphim anafotokoza monga umbuli munthu, mbuli za ndale, pamene tikusangalala ndi chikondi cha molimba mtima. Nkomwe mbali angathe kukhala ndi kutengedwa ngati cholinga, anapatsidwa kuti linalembedwa kuti mutu wa boma lopondereza ndipo anati za ochokera kwina kapena kuti mfundo za nthawi imeneyo, oukira.

Homecoming

Stalin Komabe, anasintha pa mfundo nkhondo yolimbana ndi Mpingo, adampatsa pempho lake. Kumapeto kwa October 1945 mu ulamuliro wa Moscow Orthodox wa asanu ndi awiri maparishi Chibugariya amalandiridwa, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, bishopu Seraphim (Sobolev) anabwerera ku chifuwa cha mpingo mayi. Koma chochitika chachikulu chinali mkudza - mu 1946, wapadera boma lamulo anali nzika Soviet.

M'chaka cha 1948, pambuyo twente eyiti yopuma Bishop Seraphim kukonzanso analowa pa nthaka Russian. Anaitanidwa Moscow nawo msonkhano, kumene atsogoleri a mipingo autocephalous Orthodox anali kupeza malo ofanana ndi nkhani amaganiza azipembedzo amene anaonekera pamene ena hierarchs.

Imfa ya olungama, komanso kuyesetsa wake kutamanda

Alikibishopu Seraphim adachoka kwa Ambuye pa February 26, 1950 mu Sofia, womwe mpaka imfa ya utumiki wa ubusa. Pa moyo mwa iye mphekesera monga mkulu, anapatsidwa mphatso ya clairvoyance, ndipo pambuyo kupumula mapemphero a zozizwitsa anayamba kulankhula naye. Ngakhale kuti okhulupirira mobwerezabwereza akatulukire kwa akuluakulu kachipembedzo kupempha canonization wake, kuganizira anali kulephereka kwa nthawi yaitali. Pokweza St. Seraphim (Sobolev) mpingo Chibugariya anali mu 2002. mchitidwe uwu wakhala anazindikira mwa nzika zonse za Orthodox Russian kunja. Komabe, mu dziko la Bishop Seraphim (Sobolev) anali canonized patapita zaka khumi ndi zinayi.

The canonization boma cha woyera wa Mulungu - yaitali ndi zovuta ndondomeko. Sikokwanira polambira, ndi ulamuliro angatsutse. Kodi chovomerezeka ndi umboni zoona kuti sanali kuchita zinthu mogwirizana ndi zilakolako zawo ndi luso, ndipo anali executor mwachindunji ndi chifuniro cha Mulungu. umboni umenewu, makamaka, angathe kutumikira maumboni ochititsa chidwi anachita pa moyo wa womwalirayo kapena chodabwitsa mapemphero thereto atamwalira.

Pokonzekera canonization ndi gawo lomaliza

Collection umboni chinkhoswe Archimandrite Philip (Boguchary). Iye anaika kulengeza pa Intaneti zokhudza thandizo wachisomo, amene adapatsa anthu Bishop Seraphim anayamba kubwera kwa iye (Sobolev). Zozizwitsa za iwo akhala anafotokoza, zalembedwa, ndipo mfundo zonse imatumizidwa Moscow. Awa anali nkhani za anthu amene akamapemphera kwa Saint Seraphim anapeza thanzi, anapeza anzake moyo ndi kudziwa chisangalalo a amayi. Umboni wa zozizwitsa zake zinali zambiri moti pamaso pawo chete ngakhale okayikira kwambiri odzipereka.

Ndikufuna kuti ndipereke nkhani imodzi m'mphawi Chibugariya. Mkazi ali ndi ganizo yaitali yekha kuli Mulungu, ndipo ngakhale matenda obadwa nawo a mtima, sankachita mapemphero thandizo. Koma pa nthawi, chikhalidwe cha moyipa ake kuti pambuyo malangizo amake, iye anapita kumanda kumene bodza St. Seraphim (Sobolev), ndi kuti andithandize. Patapita kanthawi iye anamva bwino thanzi, ndipo anali okhoza kubwerera zochitika yachibadwa banja.

Mu 2015, ku Bulgaria Orthodox phwando la zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu kuyambira wogoneka St Seraphim. Zikondwerero zimene zinachitika Sofia, filimuyi anasonyezedwa pa Chibugariya Opanga filimuyi moyo wake ndi ntchito, ndipo mu December chaka chomwecho anaganiza kusamutsa nkhani ya canonization wa mabishopu Seraphim ku Bungwe la Aepiskopi a Mpingo Orthodox Russian, umene unayenera convening miyezi iwiri.

February 3, 2016, tinasankha komaliza, chimene, mwa oyera adalemekeza wotchuka achipembedzo cha Russian emigration Bishop Seraphim (Sobolev). Icon utoto tsiku limeneli akutionetsa nkhope ya oyera, waona kwambiri ndi kuona moyo wawo padziko lapansi, ndipo anakwanitsa kukhalabe mpaka imfa ya mwana woona wa Mpingo Orthodox.