Ali Stonehenge? Mbiri ndi chinsinsi cha miyala wakale

Stonehenge - amene ana- a mwala waukulu mumtima mwa Europe. Ali Stonehenge? Izi aliyense funso kuyankha, chifukwa ine ndikudziwa za izo pafupifupi anthu onse.

Alipo zambiri pa megalith (za chiyambi ndi cholinga cha izo) komabe si kuyankha funso mmene anthu zaka zikwi zinayi zapitazo analenga ndi kumanga dongosolo amenewa. Ancient Observatory, ankafika PAD kwa anthu mlendo, zipata kudziko lina, kapena manda achikunja - zonsezi Stonehenge (England). Kwa zaka zambiri maganizo abwino a dziko akumenyana pa Kuzindikira wake. Ndipo komabe kwambiri amakhalabe osadziwika ....

Stonehenge amatchedwa cromlechs - ndi nyumba yakale ya miyala ofukula adabvala bwalo. Iwo akhoza kupanga mabwalo umodzi kapena kuposerapo.

Ali Stonehenge

nyumba imeneyi m'munda, yomwe ili makilomita 13 kuchokera m'mudzi waung'ono Salisbury. "Stone mpanda" - lotembenuzidwa Stonehenge. London lili makilomita 130 kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa. m'gawo ali distilikiti loyang'anira Wiltshire. Amakhala ndi bwalo 56 mozungulira amene anakonza m'manda yaing'ono "Aubrey mabowo" (dzina kafukufuku 17 m'zaka). Baibulo wotchuka kwambiri, kuti angathe kuwerenga pa kadamsana. Kenako anayamba m'manda mafupa unachita kutenthedwa ya anthu. Ku Ulaya, mtengo wakhala nawo, ndipo mwala - imfa.

Kapangidwe ka Stonehenge

Pakati ndi otchedwa guwa (zisanu tani monolith wa sandstone obiriwira). Mu kumpoto, kum'mawa - isanu-chidendene Stone. Pali mwala-chipika, otchedwa kwa mtundu wa oyankhula pa izo oxides chitsulo. Yotsatira mphete ziwiri zigwirizana ikuluikulu yolimba olimba a buluu (siliceous sandstone). Akumaliza pomanga zipilala zozungulira ndi mbale overlying yopingasa.

Nyumba yonse imakhala:

- 82 megalithic masekeli tonnes 5;

midadada 30 matani 25 -;

- 5 trilitov 50 matani lililonse.

Iwo kupanga Chipilala ndi umboni yeniyeni ya dziko. Ancient Britain sali chabe kuti "Round Gule wa Zimphona."

Miyala ya Stonehenge

Boulders kuti ankagwiritsa ntchito megalith ndi, inayamba osiyana. Stone nyumba (kapena trilitov megalits) ndi miyala munthu akhakula Machining (menhirs) zigwirizana sandstone Mbali yokhala ngati ya njereza imvi. Pali chiphalaphala, tuff ndi dolerite. Part wa midadada akanakhoza kutenga kuchokera kudera la makilomita 210. Iwo akhoza kupulumutsa pa mtunda (pa odzigudubuza), ndipo pa madzi. Mu nthawi yathu, kuyesera kunachitidwa, amene anasonyeza kuti gulu la anthu 24 adzatha kusuntha mwala masekeli tani imodzi pa liwiro la kilometre imodzi patsiku. Kulemera kwa midadada yaikulu ya matani 50. chipika amenewa omangawo wakale ankanyamula zaka zingapo.

Miyala kukonzedwa mu magawo angapo. Kudzera makina ndi zotsatira za moto ndi madzi unit anakhumba ndi wokonzeka kunyamulidwa. Ndipo pomwepo ikuchitika pa umapezeka chabwino ndi processing.

Stonehenge - mbiri ndi nthano amakedzana

Malinga ndi nthano megalith zinaoneka chifukwa cha lodziwika bwino wamatsenga Merlin, Mlangizi wa Mfumu Arthur. Iye anavutika ena boulders ndi South Wales kumene kuchulukana kalekale magwero wopatulika. Ndipotu njira yopita ku malo kumene Stonehenge, zinali zovuta kwambiri. Ozungulira quarries ndi thanthwe ali kutali kwambiri, ndipo inu mukhoza kulingalira momwe Titanic kuyesetsa kumva kayendedwe. Wapafupi iwo amasulidwa mwa nyanja, kenako 80 makilomita pamtunda portage.

Ikulu Heelstone spawned nkhani ina - za mdierekezi kubisala mu boulders wa Chimonko. Kuti iye analibe nthawi kuthawa, mdierekezi anaponya mwala iye mbamuikha chidendene.

nthano zonsezi wakale Britain, kumene Stonehenge zikuoneka kuti pang'ono kuchita ndi chowonadi. Masiku ano, maphunziro mwatsatanetsatane kutsimikizira kuti pomanga zinachitikadi mu magawo atatu kuchokera 2300 mpaka 1900 BC. Ndi ntchito kwinakwake 2,5 zaka chikwi ndipo anasiya padziko 1100 BC. A otchulidwa mbiri British ndi moyo zaka zambiri mtsogolo.

Amene anamanga Stonehenge

Nations akudzinenera kumanga megalithic izi, ambiri, ku Aroma wakale Swiss kapena Germany. Mpaka tsopano ankakhulupirira kuti inamangidwa wachiwiri Zakachikwi BC monga Observatory wakale. Wotchuka zakuthambo Hoyle anapeza kuti molondola yozungulira nthawi ya Moon ndi kutalika kwa ndiAmene chaka dzuwa ankadziwa kale.

Mu 1998, zinali kuthandiza zakuthambo kuti mawerengeredwe kompyuta. Ndi izo, ife anazindikira kuti si paphale ndi kalendala ya dzuwa, komanso chitsanzo cha dongosolo dzuwa mu gawo mtanda. Ndipo dziko ayenera kukhala pa 9, monga panopa amadziwika ndi 12. Mwina m'tsogolo tiyenera kuyembekezera atulukira zambiri zokhudza kapangidwe ka dongosolo la zowalitsa.

English mbiri Brooks amene ankaphunzira Stonehenge kwa zaka zambiri, watsimikizira kuti ndi gawo la chimphona a dongosolo navigation.

Kuwonjezera ntchito zinthu zakuthambo, Stonehenge ankagwiritsa ntchito komanso dongosolo mwambo. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha malo manda ndi malo ena mwamwambo pafupi. Anthu ena ochita kafukufuku anena kuti m'manda achikunja a Mfumukazi Boudicca. Izi opanda mantha sanafune kudzipereka kwa Aroma ndi angakonde kuti atenge poizoni. Ngakhale manda a anthu sanali pa Stonehenge. Pakuti nthawi zonse anapezeka zotsalira za akaponya chimodzi chokha mu mtsinje wa, chibwenzi ku 7 m'ma BC.

dziko lino wakhala lopatulika, chifukwa nthawi zonse ndi alendo ndi mbadwa anayesa unagawanika kutali ndi kutenga nawo mbali monga amulet ndi. zaka zana zapitazo, m'deralo panali mtundu wa bizinesi - kubwereka chomenyera angamenyane chidutswa monga kachikumbutso kapena kugogoda dzina lake mawuwo lapansi. Tsopano alendo sungakhoze konse dzanja lake pamaso pa megalithic, phula njira mwapadera yaikidwa pa mtunda wina ku boulders lapansi.

druids opatulika

Pali kungoganizira kuti ano ndi malo a mphamvu ya Druids (pa mphambano ya mizere mphamvu), kuzipatsa kuchititsa mwambo lalikulu la mgonero ndi mphamvu za chilengedwe. The lathu wa chipilala kuti yachisanu ndi - mkangano limodzi mokomera izi. Popeza kuti zimenezi si fuko osiyana anasiya palibe umboni olembedwa, cholinga Stonehenge ndi kukhala ndi chinsinsi chachikulu.

Latsopano Druids amaona ngati malo awo a Haji, nthumwi za mafunde ena achikunja amakonda kukaona malo awa. Mu masiku a yozizira ndi yotentha yozizira khamu lalikulu la mafani druids kukumana mulungu wawo waukulu. Kuwala kwa dzuwa anafika pachimake, kugwa chimodzimodzi pakati pa miyala ofukula waukulu trilitis, ndi dzuŵa pa anthu kupeza kudzoza. Ndipo zambiri zimachitika kuti padziko nyengo mitambo, ndipo mkati dzuwa.

Ukulu wa Stonehenge

Mbali ina ya Stonehenge - mkulu zivomerezi kukana. Pomanga mbale ntchito yapadera, wozimitsa ndi zodabwitsa mitigating. Pankhaniyi, pali pafupifupi palibe subsidence nthaka, kupewa yomanga ano.

Chinthu chimodzi chili: ziribe kanthu yemwe anali omanga mwachinsinsi, iwo ankadziwa chachikulu mu masamu, nthaka, zakuthambo ndi zomangamanga. Ndi kupatsidwa kuti nyumba izi zinamangidwa ndiye padziko lonse (mapiramidi la Iguputo ndi chikhalidwe Mayan), kenako tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti anthu masiku ano zinthu zambiri sindikudziwa za m'mbuyomo. Malinga anapezazo, ngati lero Stonehenge kumanga kachiwiri ndi zipangizo za nthawi, kudzatenga 2 miliyoni munthu maola. Ndipo pa processing Buku miyala kuti anafunika 20 miliyoni. Icho ndiye chifukwa kuti anthu anagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali chonchi, akusowa kwenikweni kwambiri.

Kodi kumeneko? Stonehenge pa mapu

Ndi galimoto alendo kutenga pa A303 msewu ndi M3, imbaenda ku Amesbury. Mu Waterloo Station kuthamanga sitima omasuka Salisbury ndi Andover, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko mungathe kufika pa basi.

Mu London mungathe kugula tsiku limodzi gulu ulendo, amene kale zikuphatikizapo ndalama pakhomo. Ku Salisbury amapita basi chomwecho, kuchotsa malo ku siteshoni ya sitima. The tikiti angagwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku lonse, ndi mabasi ola lililonse.

Kodi kupeza malo a Stonehenge, anyalanyaza malamulo?

Malinga ndi malamulo kubwera pafupi ndi kulowa mkati Stonehenge zoletsedwa (alendo silingafanane kwambiri kuposa mamita 15), koma ena ntchito ulendo akuchita mpumulo n'kulola kuyenda, koma woyamba m'mawa kapena usiku. magulu amakhala ochepa ophunzira, choncho m'pofunika buku malo pasadakhale. Pankhaniyi, nyengo ayenera kukhala wabwino. Mbiri chipilala mosamala kutetezedwa pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa nthaka, kotero kuti mkati Stonehenge vuto la mvula, mudzakhala bwino.

malo si kanthu m'gulu UNESCO World Heritage Site. Wina anati anali bwino anasunga muunda, ndi wina akufuna kukhudza zamoyo zonse wokhumba izo. Komabe, zinsinsi lachinsinsi la Stonehenge alibe chiyambi, ndipo kuti izi ndi anawonjezera kulambira mphamvu ya malingaliro a munthu ndi kupirira, amaloledwa kumanga chozozwitsa ichi.