Alexander Ostrovsky "A Post N'kopindulitsa": mwachidule chiwembu, mawonekedwe chachikulu

Chimodzi mwa kwambiri Russian Wolemba wina Alexander Ostrovsky ndi. "N'kopindulitsa" (chidule cha mankhwala ndi phunziro la ndemanga iyi) - chidutswa kuti ali ndi malo apamwamba mu ntchito yake. Inasindikizidwa mu 1856, koma pamaso zisudzo mu zisudzo anasandulika patapita zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Pali zingapo odziwika siteji chuma ntchito. Mmodzi wa anthu otchuka - ntchito ya M. Zakharova ndi A. Mironov, mmodzi wa udindo waukulu.

Nthawi ndi malo

Old Moscow kukopa kwa ntchito yake yotchuka osankhidwa Wolemba wina Ostrovsky. "N'kopindulitsa" (lalifupi masewero zili ayenera kuyamba ndi malongosoledwe a zilembo zazikulu m'mawa, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi owerenga ndi bwino kuti mudziŵe za khalidwe lawo ndi chuma chawo) - nchito si zosiyana.

Muyeneranso kulabadira zimene zinachitika - zaka zoyambirira za ulamuliro wa Mfumu Alexander II. Iyo inali nthawi imene anthu anali akamayamba kusintha kwambiri pa chuma, ndale kapena chikhalidwe muzochitika. Zimenezi ayenera adzanyamula kukumbukira pamene kusanthula ntchito, monga wolemba wakhala anasonyeza mzimu uwu kusintha pa nkhani.

kulowa

A mbuye woona zafotokozedwa ndi zifanizo za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi miyoyo ya kalasi pakati ndi Ostrovsky. "N'kopindulitsa" (chidule cha ntchito imeneyi latsopano la wolemba ayenera unagawika zigawo kangapo mayiko kumvetsa zamalankhulidwe wa zikuchokera) - kusewera amene amasonyeza mfundo ya Wolemba wina kulenga.

Kumayambiriro kwa wowerenga bwino atchulidwa munkhaniyi: Vyshnevskim, nadwala nkhalamba, ndipo wokongola wamng'ono mkazi wake, kumvutitsa Pavlovnoy, lomwe ndi pang'ono zamaseŵera chabe. Kuyambira nkhani zawo zimaonekeratu kuti asapita akazi kusiya kwambiri wolakalakika: Anna Pavlovna ozizira ndi osayanjanitsika poyerekezera ndi mwamuna wake, amene amadana kwambiri. Iye akuwatsimikizira ake za chikondi wache ndi kudzipereka, koma mkazi wake sapereka chidwi chirichonse kwa iye.

Chiwembu cha intrigue

kutsutsa zoseketsa chikhalidwe ndi nthabwala wochenjera mwaluso amaphatikiza masewero ake ndi Ostrovsky. "A Post N'kopindulitsa", mwachidule zimene ziyenera wodzilemekeza ndi kumasonyeza chakuti kutsogolera kwa chitukuko cha chiwembu - nchito ndi imodzi yabwino ntchito za mlembi. Chiyambi cha zochita akhoza ankaona kumvutitsa Pavlovnoy kulandira chikondi kalata kwa bambo wina wachikulire yemwe Komabe, anali pa banja. Dodgy mkazi wasankha kulanga suitor hapless.

Maonekedwe a anthu ena

sewero Ostrovsky ali ndi mphamvu chitukuko cha chiwembu, ndi kuganizira ankanyoza makhalidwe chikhalidwe cha kalasi pakati. Mu ntchito ino owerenga bwino oimira lililonse la mzinda bureaucracy, ankaimira Vyshnevskogo atumiki, ndi Yusov Belogubov.

Woyamba ndi zaka zoposa zaka, kotero izo anakumana khalidwe la Kuthi, ngakhale maphunziro ake N'zoonekeratu kuti chinachake chapadera. Komabe, iye ali ndi chikhulupiliro bwana kuposa zofunkha ndi onyada kwambiri. Lachiwiri mwachindunji pansi pa iye. Iye ali wamng'ono ndipo penapake wosadziwa Choncho, Belogubov mwini anavomereza kuti si bwino wodziwa kuwerenga ndi kulemba. Komabe, mnyamatayo adzakhala zabwino kukonza moyo wake: iye aiming pa kalaliki mutu ndipo mukufuna kukwatira.

Mu siteji ankaona Yusova zopempha boma kuona za Kukwezeleza wake, ndipo anamulonjeza kuwateteza.

makhalidwe Zhadova

Ostrovsky wodziwika mu mabuku Russian chakuti anapereka zikutipatsa zithunzi za nyengo ya sewero ano. Mphwake Vyshnevskogo chithunzi kuwapeza wolemba makamaka zokongola.

Izi mnyamata amakhala ku nyumba ya amalume ake, iye Komabe, anafuna kuti kumenyera ufulu, chifukwa amamunyoza moyo wa banja lake ndi anamuperekeza. Kuwonjezera apo, popeza koyamba kunyozedwa wake Belogubov chifukwa cha nzeru zake osauka kuwerenga ndi kulemba. Komanso, owerenga anamva kuti mnyamata sakufuna kunyamula wakuda Pisarsky ntchito molamulidwa ndi Yusova.

Pakuti wodziimira malo amalume akufuna kuchotsa mphwake kunja kwa nyumba, kotero kuti iye anayesera kuti moyo ndalama pang'ono. Posakhalitsa zimaonekeratu ndi chifukwa khalidwe: Zhadov limatiuza azakhali ake kuti Mukwatira ndi moyo ndi ntchito zawo.

Amalume akangana ndi mphwake

"A Post N'kopindulitsa" - nawo sewerolo, ozikidwa pa mfundo za nkhondo pakati pa mibadwo wamng'ono ndi wamkulu. Mfundo imeneyi anali wolemba zafotokozedwa gawo loyamba la ntchito limene Powafotokozera kusiyana lofunika mu Zikhulupiriro Zhadova ndi ogwira ntchito amalume ake.

Choncho, Yusov anasonyeza kusakhutira ndi ntchito yake ndi kuwauza kuti Vyshnevky abalalitse maganizo ake mumanyozera kwa utumiki. Izi ndi atasemphana zafotokozedwa adza kwa mfundo yomaliza zochitika za lotseguka amalume nkhondo ndi mphwake. Woyamba sanafune Zhadov anakwatira mtsikana osauka, koma mnyamata, ndithudi, safuna concede. Pakati pawo pali makani chiwawa, kenako Vyshnevsky likuoneka mphwake ndi kuti aswe zimakhalira pachibale. Iye ankaphunzira Yusova kuti mkwatibwi Zhadova - mwana wa mkazi wamasiye waumphawi, ndipo umawatsimikizira otsiriza kuti mwana wake wamkazi kwa iye.

ngwazi latsopano

Mkangano Chifukwa cha dongosolo akale ndi zochita latsopano mwaluso amasonyezera pa ntchito zake Ostrovsky. "Kukula malo" (zidutswa kusanthula angathe kuperekedwa ngati zina ana ntchito kwa zilandiridwenso Wolemba wina, chifukwa chizindikiro cha ntchito yake) - ntchito imene mfundo imeneyi umadutsa Nkhani. Patsogolo mchitidwe lachiwiri la ufulu wake anafuulira Yusov amene ankaopa chifukwa cha kulimba mtima ndi kulimba kwa achinyamata ambiri ndipo akukondwera moyo ndi zochita Vyshnevskogo.

Akuchita chachiwiri, wolemba anayamba otchulidwa watsopano - Kukushkina wamasiye ndi mwana wake, Yulia, kulonjezedwa Belogubov, ndi Pauline, wokondedwa Zhadova. Atsikana wosadziwa, nayenso zilizonse, ndipo mayi awo akuganiza zokha za vuto la ndalama akazi akufuna.

Mu chochitika ichi, wolemba woyamba kumabweretsa akutchulidwa pamodzi, ndi ku nkhani zawo timaphunzira kuti Polina amakonda modzipereka Zhadova, koma zimenezi sizitanthauza kuti mayiwo kuganiza za ndalama. maloto Zhadov lomwelo la ufulu, kukonzekera mavuto a zachuma, kodi akuyesa kuphunzitsa ndi mkwatibwi.

Kufotokozera Kukushkin

Kukushkin wolemba akufotokozedwa ngati mkazi zothandiza: si mantha ufulu kuganiza ngwazi. Iye akufuna angagwirizanitse malowolo awo ndi limatitsimikizira Yusova amene anamuchenjeza ku ukwati kuti Zhadov khalidwe molimba mtima chifukwa chakuti iye ndi wosakwatiwa, koma ukwati, iwo amatero, adzalungamitsa.

Olemekezeka wamasiye chikutanthauza kwambiri akuganiza m'moyo uno, mwachionekere zimene anakumana changa. Apa m'pofunika kuona kamodzi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa alongowo ngati Julia sakonda Belogubov ndi kumanyenga iye, Pauline modzipereka Ufumuyo mkwatibwi wake.

Tsoka la anthu a mu chaka

Waukulu chikhalidwe sewero lanthabwala Ostrovsky "A Post N'kopindulitsa" Zhadov m'banja chikondi kwa mkazi adamkonda, koma ndi chitukuko wolephera iye. Paulina mukufuna kukhala mu uthunthu ndi kukondweretsedwa, koma ukwati wadziwa chisoni ndi umphawi. Iye anali asanakonzekere mtundu wa moyo umenewo, nawonso, anakhumudwa Zhadova.

Izi ndi zimene tikuphunzira powonekera mu malo odyera, kumene patapita chaka converge ndi zilembo zazikulu za sewerolo. Izi komanso akubwera ndi Belogubov Yusov, ndi ku nkhani zawo owerenga amvela kuti zoyambazo kupita mwangwiro, monga iye sanazengereze ziphuphu mautumiki awo. Yusov akutamanda m'dera lake, ndipo Zhadova amaseka chifukwa iye sanaukitsidwe yekha kwa anthu.

Belogubov amapereka ndalama komanso zothandizira mipingo yawo, koma Zhadov ndikufuna moyo mwa ntchito woona, ndipo chotero ananyozedwa ndi anakwiya amakana kupereka. Komabe, iye anali kwambiri zoipa kwambiri pa moyo kudzasokonezeka, kumwa, kenako kuponya kugonana naye kunja kwa nyumba za alendo ndi.

domesticity

kufotokoza zoona wa moyo pakati kalasi alipo mu sewerolo "A Post N'kopindulitsa". Ostrovsky, chiwembu ntchito zomwe kusiyanitsa odalirika fano khalidwe zochitika zenizeni zokhudza za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, mochititsatu kaso kwambiri ankasonyeza mzimu wa m'badwo wake.

mchitidwe chachinayi cha sewerolo khama makamaka jades banja. Pauline akuona wosasangalala m'malo oipa. Ndi bwinobwino zambiri amamva umphawi wake chifukwa chakuti mlongo wake amakhala ku chitukuko zonse, ndipo mwamuna wake mwamphamvu oipayo amawononganso. Kukushkin limalangiza mwana wake kukakamiza ndalama kwa mwamuna wake. Pakati ndi kubwerera Zhadova kupita makani. Ndiye Pauline, kutsatira chitsanzo cha mayi wake, akuyamba kukakamiza ndalama kwa mwamuna wake. Iye amalimbikitsa kupirira umphawi, koma moyo moona mtima, kenako Pauline anapulumuka, koma Zhadov akubwerera iwo mmbuyo ndi zopita ku amalume ake kupempha malo.

pamapeto

Zosayembekezereka osangalala kutha yomalizira kusewera "A Post N'kopindulitsa". Ostrowski, ndi mtundu wanyimbo amene - makamaka Comedy, akhoza ngakhale zina zachidule zoseketsa kusonyeza zoipa zokhudza nthawi yathu. Chakumapeto, kanthu chachisanu Zhadov modzichepetsa akufunsa ntchito pa amalume ake, koma yankho ndi yamasika, pamodzi ndi Yusov anayamba kumuseka chifukwa adampereka mfundo zake kukhala paokha ndi ntchito yabwino, osati kuba ndi kutenga ziphuphu. Angaputidwe mnyamata limanena kuti m'mbadwo wake, pali anthu oona mtima amene amasiya zolinga zake ndi kulengeza kuti salinso kuwonetsa kufooka.

Pauline amaika ndi iye ndi mkazi wake kusiya nyumba Vyshevskogo. Last azungu akukumana banja sewero: zochitika za Anna Pavlovna anati, manyazi mwamuna wake osangalala ndi powonekera. Komanso imawonongeka, ndi Yusov anaopsezedwa kuti achotsedwa. mankhwala umapita ndi Vyshnevskim chichitike kugundidwa ndi tsokali kumuchitikira.

Choncho, Alexander Ostrovsky ( "A Post N'kopindulitsa" chitsanzo mokwiya) mu ntchito zawo mwaluso Chili zenizeni mbiri ndi Zotengera lakuthwa. Retold ife kuisewera iyo adzapelekedwa ophunzira kwambiri kuphunzira mozama za ntchito wolembayo.