Adrenaline hydrochloride: malangizo othandizira, kufotokozera kukonzekera

Kuchepetsa kwambiri kuthamanga kwa magazi chifukwa cha kudwala, kuwonjezereka kwa mankhwala kapena zifukwa zina kungapangitse zotsatira zosasinthika mthupi komanso ngakhale imfa. Pakadali pano, pa zamankhwala, adrenaline hydrochloride amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa wodwalayo ku chikhalidwe ichi. Icho, malingana ndi zovuta za mkhalidwewu, imaperekedwa kwa odwala subcutaneously, intramuscularly kapena intravenously, ndipo mu milandu yovuta kwambiri - osayanjanitsika.

Pharmacological action

Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zotsatira zowonjezera ndi-b-adrenergic receptors, ndipo m'zinthu zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha. Poyamba adrenaline m'thupi, hydrochloride imathandiza kuchepetsa ziwiya za ziwalo zonse za m'mimba komanso pang'ono minofu. Chifukwa cha kuchepa koteroko mu lumen m'magazi, mphamvu ya magazi ikukwera.

Komabe, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti zotsatira za adrenaline m'thupi, chifukwa cha zotsatira za b-adrenergic receptors, sizowonjezereka kuposa norepinephrine. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chikhalidwe cha kusintha kwa ntchito ya mtima ndi chovuta kwambiri. Zoonadi, kukakamizidwa kwa adrenoreceptors kumathandizira kuwonjezeka ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mapangidwe a mtima, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamene kupanikizika kwapachika kumatuluka, pakatikati pa mitsempha ya vagus imakondwera, yomwe imalepheretsa ntchito ya mtima. Ndichifukwa chake ndi hypoxia, kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala angayambitse mayendedwe.

Kuonjezera apo, mankhwalawa amachititsa ophunzira kusuntha, kuchepetsa minofu ya matumbo ndi bronchi. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti odwala ali ndi kuthamanga kwa minofu yambiri, ndipo mlingo wa magazi umakhala wochuluka pambuyo poyendetsa mlingo umodzi wa mankhwala monga adrenaline hydrochloride. Malangizo ogwiritsiridwa ntchito amakhalanso ndi mauthenga omwe mankhwalawa amabwezeretsanso mphamvu zogwirira ntchito za mitsempha ya mitsempha, kuphatikizapo pamene akugwedeza.

Ponena za machitidwe apakati a mitsempha, mankhwala ochiritsira a mankhwala, monga lamulo, alibe zotsatira zake.

Ndani akuwonetsedwa mankhwala?

Gwiritsani ntchito adrenaline hydrochloride ndi kuchepa kwakukulu m'magazi (mu mankhwala, chikhalidwe ichi cha wodwalayo amatchedwa kugwa). Vuto limeneli lingayambe mwa munthu chifukwa chodwalitsa ndi mankhwala, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Chizindikiro china chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ndi hypoglycemia, yomwe imapezeka pamene kutsekemera kwa insulini. Mdziko lino, wodwalayo amachepetsa mofulumira osati ndondomeko yokhuza magazi, komanso mlingo wa shuga.

M'maganizo a ophthalmology, mankhwalawa amalembedwa kwa odwala omwe amawonjezeredwa ndi intraocular pressure (glaucoma). Mu machitidwe otorininoryngological, amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga vasoconstrictor.

Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi, epinephrine hydrochloride imaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi fibrillation ya ventricular.

Ndondomeko ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito

Malingana ndi matendawa ndi kuuma kwake, mankhwalawa amatha kuwonetsedwa kwa wodwalayo subcutaneously, intramuscularly ndi intravenously. Pachifukwa ichi, njira yokwana 0,1% imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 0.2 / 0,3 / 0,5 kapena 1 ml. Odwala omwe amamangidwa mwamphamvu mtima amapatsidwa 1 ml ya mankhwala, mlingo womwewo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ventricular fibrillation. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti dongosolo la dosing limasankhidwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha.

M'maganizo a ophthalmology, kuti akwaniritse zochitika zowonongeka za adrenaline hydrochloride zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku mawonekedwe a maso.

Kukumana ndi mphutsi yachisoni kumayimitsidwa ndi jekeseni ya subcutaneous ya 0.3-0.5-0.7 ml. Koma za mankhwala ochizira a epinephrine kuti agwiritse ntchito pazinja, ndiye kuti, monga lamulo, amapanga 0.3-0.5-0.75 ml kwa odwala akuluakulu. Pamene kuli koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, ana, malingana ndi msinkhu, amaperekedwa 0.1-0.5 ml.

Makhalidwe a mankhwala

Epinephrine hydrochloride muwonekedwe lokha ndi ufa wonyezimira kapena woyera wa crystalline. Pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya ndi kuwala, zimatha kusintha. Komabe, mwa mawonekedwe awa mankhwalawa sagwera kwa wogula. Zisanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala, mu aseptic mikhalidwe ya zomera zimadonthozedwa ndi yankho la hydrochloric acid. Monga osungira, asayansi amagwiritsa ntchito sodium metabisulphite ndi chlorobutanol.

Pambuyo pake, odwala amatha kupeza yankho la epinephrine hydrochloride, wokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Maonekedwe a kukonzekera

Pakadali pano, mankhwalawa amapezeka kwa wogula pokhapokha ngati njira yowonjezeretsa 0,1%, yomwe imapezeka m'mitsuko ndi ma buloules. Mtengo woyamba ndi 30ml, koma yachiwiri - 1 ml yokha. Ampoules wa ma PC 6. Kuikidwa mkati mwa makapu othandizira.

Mu mawonekedwe, yankho likufanana ndi madzi omveka bwino popanda zitsulo ndi zinthu zina zosasunthika.

Ndani akutsutsana ndi mankhwala?

Ngati tikuwona kuti chidziwitso chachikulu cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mitsempha ya magazi, ndizomveka kuti sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pamagulu odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa. Komanso, mankhwalawa amaletsedwa mwachindunji ponena za atherosclerosis, thyrotoxicosis ndi shuga, chifukwa mankhwala a mankhwalawa sangathe kungowonjezera mavutowa, koma amachititsanso zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a myocardial, stroke ndi ena.

Musagwiritse ntchito adrenaline hydrochloride ndipo pakuchita opaleshoni, muli ndi anesthesia ndi cyclopropane kapena fluorotane.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa saloledwa pa nthawi ya mimba ndi lactation. Ndipo kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala "Oxytocin" mankhwala amachititsa kuwonjezeka kwaledzera.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Ngakhale kuti ndi matenda ambiri mankhwalawa amatha kupulumutsa moyo wa wodwalayo, mwinamwake amatha kupweteka, ngati simusamala za umunthu wake kapena kupitirira mlingo woyenera.

Choncho, ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa moyenera, munthu amatha kumva wamisala, mantha, kugwedezeka, nkhawa, ndi kufooka kwathunthu. Kuonjezera apo, wodwalayo atatha kumwa mankhwala amatha kuwonetsa kutalika kwa khungu (chifukwa cha mitsempha yambiri yamagazi), kutukuta ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kanthawi kochepa mukuthamanga kwa magazi. Komabe, chizindikiro cha mbali iyi, chifukwa cha nthawi yake yochepa, sichifuna kukonzekera kuchipatala kapena kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa mankhwala.

Anthu amene amasonyeza adrenaline hydrochloride, malangizo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito machenjezo onena za kuphulika kwa mtima wamtima, tachycardia, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa magazi. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima ischemic omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, chiopsezo cha mazunzo a angina chimakula.

Kuchulukitsa

Aliyense amadziwa kuti mankhwala amaphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito pa mlingo woyenera komanso monga mwadokotala. Apo ayi, thanzi la wodwalayo liri pangozi yaikulu. Ndipo adrenaline hydrochloride sichimodzimodzi.

Ngati njira yololedwa yothetsera yowonjezera (ngakhale ndi jekeseni yapansi), wodwalayo amapanga mydriasis mwamsanga ndipo kupanikizika koopsa kumakula mofulumira. Kuwonjezera apo, kuthamanga kwa mtima kumathamanga kwambiri, zomwe nthawi zina zingasinthe mu ventricular fibrillation. Ndipo ngati wodwala akuwonjezera kupsyinjika kwa hydrostatic muzitsulo zazing'ono kwambiri za bwalo laling'ono ndi kukwera kwa khoma la capillary, mphuno ya minofu ingapangidwe.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji zotsatira zoipa za mankhwalawa?

Amalimbana ndi zovuta zambiri za adrenaline mothandizidwa ndi antchito a α- ndi β-adrenoblockers. Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala "Anaprilin", "Tropafen", "Fentolamin", ndi zina zotero. Nthawi zambiri madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito nitrites yothamanga kwambiri kuti achotse zotsatira za adrenaline. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa ndi kovomerezeka chifukwa cha zowonetsa zochepa za zotsatira zina monga adrenaline hydrochloride (fomula formula: 1-1- (3,4-dioxyphenyl) -2-methylaminoethanol hydrochloride).

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi mavuto aakulu kwambiri ndi mankhwalawa, monga fetricular fibrillation kapena mpweya waukulu wa pulema, ntchito ya nitrites yothamanga ndi adrenoblockers osiyanasiyana sikokwanira. Pofuna kupulumutsa odwala pazochitika zoterezi, madokotala amayambitsa mankhwala ovuta, omwe angaphatikizepo kuwonongeka kwa magetsi kwa mtima.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mankhwala

Ndizomveka kuti mankhwalawa chifukwa cha adrenaline amaletsa kugulitsa kwaulere kwa wosuta. Pambuyo pa kudzipangira mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa kungayambitse mavuto ambiri ngakhale kusunga mwamphamvu za dosing. Kuonjezera apo, odwala ena ali ndi kayendedwe kake ka adrenaline hydrochloride (malangizo amasonyeza izi), zovuta zowonjezera zimatha kuyamba.

Choncho, musanapite ku pharmacy kwa mankhwalawa, mufunseni dokotala yemwe alembe mankhwalawo. Ili ndi ndondomekoyi, yomwe ili ndi chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa mlingo wa mankhwalawa, iyenera kuperekedwa kwa wamasitolo pamene akugula mankhwala.

Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala

Dokotala aliyense amadziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito adrenaline ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana sikuletsedwa. Pambuyo pake, kuphatikiza uku kuli ndi zotsatira zowonjezera ndipo kumatsogolera kuledzera.

Musagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa ndi kuchiza odwala omwe amamwa mapiritsi ogona komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala matenda opatsirana omwe amagwiritsira ntchito antihistamines, dokotala aliyense amakana kulandira mankhwala. Adrenaline hydrochloride panopa sizowopsa pa thanzi - zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha imfa.

Musasakanize mankhwalawa ndi inhalation anesthesia, chifukwa izi zingayambitse chitukuko cha matenda a mtima wodwalayo.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Chifukwa chakuti asayansi samaima pa zotsatira zomwe zimapindulitsa ndikupitiriza ntchito pa kulengedwa kwa mankhwala atsopano, njira za adrenaline hydrochloride kwa lero zili ndi mndandanda wodabwitsa wa zofanana. Komabe, kusankha kwa mankhwala, mofanana ndi zochita ndi adrenaline, kumachitidwa kokha ndi dokotala yemwe akupezekapo. Pachifukwa ichi, katswiri samatsogoleredwa ndi maonekedwe komanso kuuma kwa wodwalayo, komanso amaganizira zochitika zake.

Dokotala akhoza kutenga adrenaline hydrochloride ndi mankhwala monga Epinifrin, Tonogen, Glaucosan, Adrenaline Hydrochloride, Suprarenalin, Epinephrine Hydrochloride, Levorenin, Eppy, Renostyptin, Supragenin , "Glaucon", "Epirenan", "Adrenamine", "Hyperphrine", "Styptyrenal", "Paranephrine", "Glauconin", ndi zina zotero.

Ngakhale kuti mndandandanda wa mndandanda wa ma analogs ndi wochititsa chidwi, simukusowa kuganiza kuti akhoza kugula momasuka ku pharmacy. Kupeza adrenaline hydrochloride, mankhwala olembedwa m'Chilatini adzafunikila kusonyeza wamasitolo. Zomwezo ndizofunika ngati mukufuna kugula mankhwala alionse omwe ali pamwambawa.