Dongosolo wapamwamba - ndichiyani? Dongosolo NTFS file, mafuta, yaiwisi, UDF

The opaleshoni dongosolo, kuwonjezera pa ntchito zina zonse, kukwaniritsa cholinga chake chachikulu - kulinganiza ntchito ya kapangidwe enieni deta. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi, dongosolo file ntchito. Kodi dongosolo file ndi zimene zingakhale, komanso mfundo zina za izo kuperekedwa nthawi ina.

mafotokozedwe ambiri

Dongosolo file ndi mbali ya opaleshoni dongosolo, amene ndi udindo malawi, yosungirako ndi kufufutidwa wa nkhani pa TV, kupereka owerenga ntchito zambiri, komanso kuonetsetsa ntchito zake otetezeka. Komanso, ndi othandiza kubwezeretsa deta ngati hardware kapena mapulogalamu kulephera. Choncho n'kofunika dongosolo file. Kodi dongosolo file ndi zimene zingakhale? Pali mitundu ingapo:

- kwa mbale zovuta, mwachitsanzo zipangizo ndi mwayi mwachisawawa;

- chifukwa matepi, mwachitsanzo chipangizo siriyo;

- kwa deta kuwala onyamula;

- pafupifupi kachitidwe;

- Network sistemy.5

Monga tawerenga yosungirako wagawo mu dongosolo file ndi wapamwamba, ndi anatilamula ya deta ndi dzina ena. deta zonse ntchito ndi opaleshoni dongosolo, kuwonetsa mawonekedwe owona: mapulogalamu, zithunzi, malemba, nyimbo, komanso madalaivala, malaibulale, ndi zina zotero. Aliyense mchitidwe umenewu ndi dzina, mtundu, kutambasuka, makhalidwe ndi kukula. Kotero, tsopano inu mukudziwa zimene wapamwamba. Dongosolo file ndi ya zinthu zotere, ndipo njira kugwira nawo ntchito. Malinga mtundu yomwe ntchito ndi mfundo kuwatsatira, tingasiyanitsire mitundu yambiri yaikulu ya filesystem.

njira mapologalamu

Choncho, ngati tikambirana dongosolo file (kuti ali ndi momwe ntchito ndi icho), ndi chofunika kudziwa kuti ndi dongosolo Mipikisano mlingo pa mlingo chapamwamba pali dongosolo lophimba file, lomwe lili mawonekedwe pakati pa dongosolo ndi ntchito yapadera. Iwo otembenuka mafunso kwa owona mu mtundu kuti Timaona mlingo lotsatira - madalaivala. Nawonso, amanena kuti madalaivala yeniyeni chipangizo, zimene zimasunga ndi zofunika.

Mafomu kasitomala-Seva dongosolo file amafuna ntchito sizovuta mkulu. machitidwe amakono apangidwa kuti imapatsa ogwira, kuthandiza mabuku lalikulu la deta chitetezo TV ndi mwayi wosaloleka, kuteteza kukhulupirika kwa zambiri.

Dongosolo file mafuta

Mtundu anayamba kupanga mu 1977 ndi Bill Gates ndi Marc McDonald. Poyamba, Mulungu anamugwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni dongosolo 86 DOS. Ngati tiyenda pachimene dongosolo file mafuta, ndi Dziwani kuti poyamba sanathe kuthandiza abulusa kwambiri ndipo ntchito yekha ndi atolankhani kusintha kwa 1 megabyte. Tsopano lamulo ili sikuthandiza, koma filesystem limeneli limatanthauza "Microsoft" kwa Microsoft MS-DOS 1.0 kapena mtsogolo. Mafuta ntchito mapangano ena mwa mawu a maina file:

- pa chiyambi cha dzina ayenera kukhala kalata kapena manambala, ndipo akhoza nawo khalidwe lililonse ASCII, kuwonjezera pa malo ndi zinthu zapadera;

- dzina ayenera kukhala palibe otchulidwa oposa 8, pambuyo nyengo, ndi kukula ndi Zikusonyezanso kuti tichipeza makalata atatu;

- mu maina file kungakhale Mulimonsemo, zilibe zosiyanasiyana sali opulumutsidwa.

Kuyambira poyambirira mafuta linapangidwa kuti lokhala ndi wosuta opaleshoni dongosolo DOS, izo sanali kupereka kwa kusungiramo deta pa mwini kapena mwayi zilolezo za. Pa nthawi, dongosolo file imafalira kwambiri kwambiri, mu amawasonyeza mosiyanasiyana, izo imayendetsedwa ndi ambiri kachitidwe kamakono opaleshoni. amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira zosiyanasiyana zimathandiza kuti ntchito pa mabuku amene kukonzedwa ndi machitidwe osiyana opaleshoni. Ichi ndi wapamwamba dongosolo losavuta, ndilo kuletsa owona kuwonongeka chifukwa shutdown zosayenera kompyuta. Monga mbali ya opaleshoni dongosolo kuthamanga pa mfundo imeneyi, pali zida wapadera kuti aletse dongosolo owona ndi kusintha kulakwika.

NTFS dongosolo file

filesystem Izi ambiri ankakonda ntchito ndi opaleshoni dongosolo Windows NT, monga cholinga mwachindunji izo. Mu Os m'gulu kutembenuza zofunikira kuti otembenuka buku kwa mafuta NTFS ndi HPFS mabuku. Ngati tiyenda pachimene dongosolo NTFS file, ndi Dziwani kuti kwambiri patsogolo luso kulamulira kupeza akalozera zina ndi owona, kuika kwambiri makhalidwe akuyendera file psinjika zida pompopompo, kulolerana vuto, thandizani zofuna za muyezo POSIX. dongosolo file angagwiritse ntchito maina file yaitali otchulidwa 255, ndi dzina lalifupi izo kwaiye chimodzimodzi monga VFAT. Kusanthula zimene NTFS file dongosolo, ndi Dziwani kuti akhoza buluzi yokha mu nkhani ya opaleshoni dongosolo wolephera, kotero kuti litayamba adzakhala lomwenso ndi dongosolo Directory sati anakhudzidwa.

NTFS Features

Pa buku NTFS, aliyense file ukufanizidwa ndi mbiri mu MFT. Choyamba 16 zolemba pa tebulo ndi wotetezedwa mwa dongosolo file kusunga zina zambiri. Mu tebulo file lokha limafotokoza Nkhani yakale. Ndi chiwonongeko cha mbiri ya atumwi kuwerenga yachiwiri kupeza galasi la MFT, kumene kulowa woyamba ndi zofanana ku gome lalikulu. Pa malo zomveka wa litayamba aikidwa buku la Nsapato file. Wachitatu kulowa tebulo ndi chipika file kuti ntchito deta kuchira. Mu file chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri ndipo anayamba timva tebulo muli mfundo za owona ndi akalozera amene ali litayamba mwakhama.

Chipika ndikupeleka lili lonse la zinthu zimene kusintha buku la dongosolo, kuphatikizapo ntchito akuimira mwa chilengedwe cha owona komanso lamulo zimene zimakhudza dongosolo mukwatu. The ndikupeleka chipika kwa NTFS kuchira chifukwa cha dongosolo kulephera. Kulowa muzu Directory muli mndandanda wa akalozera ndi owona kuti zili muzu lowongolera.

EFS Features

Encrypting failo System (EFS) ndi Windows chigawo, umene mudziwe litayamba zolimba akhoza kusungidwa mu mtundu encrypted. Kubisa wakhala chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri, zomwe zitha kupereka opaleshoni dongosolo. Mu nkhani iyi, kubisa kwa wosuta ndi kanthu mwachilungamo wophweka, pamafunika yekha bokosi cheke mu katundu wa chikwatu kapena file. Mukhoza kukhazikitsa amene angawerenge owona awa. Kubisa kumachitika pamene file chatsekedwa, ndipo pamene iwo kutsegula, izo basi amakhala wokonzeka ntchito.

yaiwisi Features

Zipangizo yosungirako deta ndi zigawo pachiopsezo, omwe kawirikawiri chiopsezo ku kuwonongeka, osati mwathupi komanso molondola. Ena mavuto hardware akhoza chakupha, pamene ena ena mavutowo. Nthawi zina funso wosuta: "Kodi yaiwisi dongosolo file?"

Monga amadziwika, kujambula pa galimoto zolimba kapena kung'anima galimoto ndi chipangizo yosungirako deta muyenera kukhala FS. Ambiri ndi mafuta ndi NTFS. Ndipo ngakhale yaiwisi dongosolo file, zomwe ife zambiri ndikulingalira. Ndipotu ndi zomveka zolakwa kale anaika dongosolo, ndiye sanamwe leni Windows. Nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi chiwonongeko cha yaiwisi file dongosolo dongosolo. Pambuyo pake, Os sumangopita kukana mwayi kwa deta, koma kusonyeza mudziwe luso pa zida.

UDF Features

Universal litayamba Format (UDF) lakonzedwa m'malo CDFS ndi kuwonjezera thandizo zipangizo DVD-ROM. Ngati ife kulankhula zimene dongosolo UDF file, ndi kukhazikitsa yatsopano ya Mabaibulo akale a mbale kuwala, lomwe likukwaniritsa zofunikira za Bungwe Loona za mayiko kwa Standardization. Iwo amakhala ndi zinthu zina:

- kutalika dzina la file kungakhale otchulidwa 255;

- kulembetsa dzina kungakhale m'munsi ndi chapamwamba;

- pazipita njira kutalika ndi zilembo 1023.

Kuyambira ndi Windows XP, dongosolo file amathandiza kuwerenga ndi kulemba.

ndi wapamwamba dongosolo EXFAT Kodi

dongosolo file ntchito abulusa kung'anima, amene akuyembekezeka ntchito pamene ntchito makompyuta osiyana akuthamanga machitidwe osiyana opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo Mawindo ndi Linux. Iwo EXFAT anakhala "mlatho" awiriwa, kuyambira ndi kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi deta analandira kwa Os, omwe amayendetsa file yake dongosolo. Chiyani komanso mmene ntchito, zidzakhala kale momveka bwino ntchito.

anapezazo

Pamene anazindikira kuchokera pamwamba, aliyense opaleshoni dongosolo amagwiritsa filesystems ena. Iwo anafuna kuti kusunga nyumba amatsogozedwa deta pa TV thupi. Ngati inu mwadzidzidzi pamene kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta, funso n'lakuti, kodi mtheradi dongosolo file, zikuoneka kuti pamene inu amayesera kuwonera wapamwamba zenizeni pa TV pamaso panu, ndipo kudamveka choposa kukula analola. N'chifukwa chake muyenera kudziwa zimene filesystem kukula file ndi n'losaloleka kuti kulanda mudziwe alibe mavuto.