Wothamanga Marita Koch: yonena, banja, zikayenda ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

German wothamanga Marita Koch anali, malinga ndi mphunzitsi Miroslav Kwacha, "ndi wochititsa chidwi kwambiri wamkazi wothamanga nthawi yathu." mlingo pa chimene chogwidwa pa mpikisano pang'ono kwa zaka pachimake mu 1970 mochedwa ndipo 1980s oyambirira. Mu mwache munda kapena masewera ena alionse alipo ochepa. Ena anawatcha iwo wothamanga kwambiri wa nthawi zonse.

Marita Koch, Wambiri: chiyambi

Anabadwa 18/02/57 mu Wismar (East Germany). luntha lake othamanga unaonekera oyambirira: pa zaka wamng'ono iye ankalimbana ndi anyamata achikulire mpikisano ndipo anapambana. Koch ankakhala mumzinda wakwawo kumaliza maphunziro awo ku sukulu ndiye analowa University of Rostock, kumene ankafuna kuphunzira mankhwala. Koma panyanja injiniya ndi ganyu othamanga mphunzitsi Wolfgang Meier anali ndi zolinga zina kwa iye. Anaona luntha lake pamene iye anali wophunzira pa Wismar, namtsata mu Rostock nyaze kusamalira dongosolo la maphunziro.

Zotsatira woyamba mulibe kudikira nthawi yaitali. Nthawi yabwino ya 400m Koch a utachepa kuchoka 60,3 kuti pamene iye anali 15 51,60 18 ndi ku 50,19 chaka. dzina lake anali woyamba anachita mu 1975 ku Athens, pa European Junior Championships, kumene anapata golide mu kulandirana ndi siliva pa mpikisano mamita 400. minofu kusiyana kumanzere Koch pa akungoonerera wa 1976 Olympic ku Montreal ndi World Cup mu 1977 . anapata n'kulandira mendulo ya siliva, kutaya kwa Irene Shevinskoy ku Poland. Kuti inali nthawi yomaliza iye anataya pa mtunda wa mamita 400 kuti 1981.

starlet

1978 anakhala chaka cha chiyambi cha Koh kukwera pamwamba pa dziko nduna, pa masewera othamanga. Wake Nkhani yoyambirira dziko iye anapereka ku Poland May 22, 1978, kuswa mamita 200 20.06 m, ndi mu July mu Leipzig ndi 0,1 ndi bwino mbiri dziko, akuthamanga mamitala 400. masekondi 49.19. Marita mpikisano mu 200-, 100- ndi 50 mita yaitali mayendedwe ndi East German wothamanga Marlies Gor ndi Evelyn Ashford ku United States, amene anapambana mu mpikisano wokalandira mamita 200 pa kupeza katswiri dziko mu 1979. Koch anamva specialization ake 400 mita mtunda; ntchito zamphamvu m'njira wamfupi iye ankaona ngati mayesero patsogolo kwawo pa magawo osiyana a mtundu wa mamita 400. Chiyambi zachiwawa anali mmodzi wa mphamvu yake, zomwe iye anayamba mbali mwa tamaliza maphunziro pa zigawo wamfupi. Mu 1979, iye kawiri pasabata ode bwino mbiri dziko, akuthamanga mamita 400 48,89 ndi 48,60.

World kutchuka

Dziko lakunja la masewera othamanga atamva Hanna, pamene anapata mendulo golide awiri (400m ndi mamita 4x400 kulandirana) pa Games Olympic ku Montreal mu 1980. Linayenda anatsegula amaonetsa wamphamvu koma achisomo othamanga. Mexico wothamanga Maritza Laguardia anati "El Norte" nyuzipepala matauni kuti Koch anali "kwambiri zinthu complexion - kukula kwa 1 mita 78 cm -. Ndi minofu olimba" Koma omvera sanathe kudziwa zambiri za izo: atolankhani ndi azimuwona kuti izo ndi zina othamanga East German ali mosamalitsa okha ndi akuluakulu East German, amene ankaopa kuti othamanga kuthawa. Zinthu zanyanyira zachilengedwe manyazi Koch: Marita ngakhale pambuyo kugwirizana kwa Germany anapereka kuyankhulana pang'ono.

mendulo zitatu zagolidi mpikisano yemweyo

Mu 1981 Marita Koch anataya mu mpikisano wa mamitala 400. odana Jarmila Kratochvilova ku Czechoslovakia, koma posakhalitsa anayambanso ulendo wake kupambana. Kuthyoka yake mbiri dziko mu njirayo 400 mita mu 48,15 mu 1982 Championships European, pamene iye anatenga golide kulandirana lapansi. Koch anapambana 3 mendulo golide pa 1983 World zamijaha Championships ku Helsinki mu 200m ndi kulandirana 4 × 100 and 4 × 400 m. Mbiri Zake pa mpikisano wa mamitala 400. anamenyedwa Kratochvilova, yemwe anagonjetsa ndi 48 wachiwiri chotchinga . Koma Marita nyenyezi anaonekera madzulo wa Chilimwe Olympic mu 1984 ku Los Angeles. Ngakhale mphunzitsi American Pet Konnolli ananena kuti Koch ndi wothamanga kwambiri chimene anali ndi chidwi ndi chisomo kayendedwe ake.

Soviet kuwukira

Koma Koch udindo nyenyezi lidatsirizika - United States boycotted wa Moscow Games Olympic mu 1980 mu Zionetsero ndi mliri Soviet la Afghanistan chaka pamaso, ndi la Soviet Union kubwezera ndi boycotting pamodzi ndi mayiko ambiri chikominisi Games ku Los Angeles. Marita Koch ndi mamembala ena a gulu East German Olympic, anaukitsidwa kwa ubwana ndi mfundo chikominisi anakhumudwa Kunyanyala ndipo sakanachitira mwina koma kuvomereza mkhalidwe umenewu. Koch anali pa nsonga ya ntchito yake.

mbiri Last

Chaka chotsatira, Koch anaganiza kuti andipeze. Pa Championships World ku Canberra, anatenga golide 200m ndi mu kulandirana 4 × 400 m, koma ponseponse padziko lonse ali ndi mbiri nthawi ya 47,60 ndi mtunda wa mamitala 400.. Mu kuyankhulana ndi "The Times" wa London nyuzipepala ananena kuti sunachitikirenso sanaganize phee mu chizindikiro 300 mita, monga zinaliri pamenepo. Iye sakanakhoza kuwona wotchi kumapeto kwa matayala, koma phokoso la khamu anazindikira kuti anaswa mbiri dziko. Kukweza ndi mochuluka monga-magawo anayi a Chifukwa chachiwiri Kratochvilova - lochititsa chidwi kutsogolera ndinagonjetsa, amene amaganizira kusiyana mu hundredths angapo a chachiwiri - Koch, monga "The Times", anabwerezanso ufulu wake kutchedwa wothamanga kwambiri wa khumi zapitazi, ngati si mu mbiri ya masewera.

Achire ku zamijaha

Izi Ndi mpikisano wokhawu ankaoneka kuthamangitsidwa mphamvu Koch. Marita ananena kuti onse amene iye akhoza kuganiza - ndi kubwerera kwawo ndipo mupumule. Iwo wapanga dzina lake mu mndandanda ofuna kuyambirira kwa Games Olympic 1988 Seoul. Koma vuto ndi Achilles tendon kuchepetsa mphamvu yake tikulimbana. Koch mwalamulo anasiya masewera mu 1987. Iye anali kukhala kovuta kuchita kudzikakamiza. Malinga ndi iye, ngati izo zidzakhala pa njanji ndi membala 14- ndi 15 ndi 16 wazaka wa mpikisano, ine ndinaganiza, 'Kodi ine ndikuchita kuno? " ntchito yake yomaliza munali mu 1986 pa Grand Prix mu Roma, kumene iye anapambana ndinagonjetsa pa mamitala 400..

Marita Koch: Wambiri ndi Banja

Ngakhale Koch anali pachibwenzi ndi mphunzitsi wake, Wolfgang Meyer, ndipo posakhalitsa iwo anakwatirana. Mu 1989 anali ndi mwana wamkazi Ulrike anabadwa. Koch poyamba anakonza kuti apitirize kuphunzira Pediatrics, koma kugwa sosholisimu ndi kutsegulidwa kwa malire ndi West, 9 November 1989 anasintha moyo wa Marita mozondoka. "Zinali malonda osiyana ndi moyo - iye anavomereza pambuyo pake. - Palibe anauza iwe choti uchite. Ngati pasanakhale kampani ina ya inshuwalansi, kuti tsopano pali mazana. Zinali zovuta kudziwa koti apite ndi choti achite. " Katundu awiri wophunzira-amayi linali olemetsa.

Koch ndi Meyer anaganiza kutsegula zinthu zamasewera sitolo mu Rostock. The ntchito inayenda bwino, ndipo kenako kukodzedwa kwa sitolo chachiwiri. Mu kuyankhulana ndi German TV maukonde ZDF, anandiuza kuti ntchito yake sizikupanga iwo wolemera, koma amawapatsa moyo wabwino. Malinga ndi chikhalidwe Koch amagwiritsa ntchito yake yotchuka chifukwa malonda mu sitolo malo a. Malinga ndi iye, anthu samabwera kwa amasirira mendulo golide wa Games Olympic kapena kupeza katswiri dziko. Iwo akufuna kugula.

Kukayikira za doping

chinthu chimodzi chokha anaopseza kuti kusokoneza mtendere wa Koh: kukula kumuyalutsa pa ntchito doping mu masewera ambiri ndi Olympic makamaka. Panali mphekesera zoti bwino yapadera ya masewera German East mu 1980s anali mankhwala mankhwala, ndipo mu 1992, boma la Britain kuulutsa Corporation anasonyeza TV zopelekedwa ndi nawo katswiri West Germany amene ananena kuti losweka ndi zizindikiro ali cikumbutso la East Germany Koch akudziwikanso monga mmodzi wa othamanga amene mankhwala.

Zosokoneza mudakhumudwapo mu 1995 pamene French Olympic ngwazi Marie-Dzho Perek, m'dera lina la Wolfgang Meyer, anatchula za kuwonongeka kwa zotsatira mwa akatswiri pambuyo kumayambiriro njira mankhwala kuyezetsa latsopano mu 1980s mochedwa. Iye anatchula Koh mbiri monga mmodzi wa n'ngwokayikitsa, koma kuti kuyankhulana mu 2000, ananena kuti tsopano kuti Perec imaphunzitsa ndi mwamuna wake, wothamanga French amaphunzira chimagwirira ntchito kukwaniritsa chotsatirachi. Mu 2005, owona declassified wa GDR apolisi komanso ankaoneka kuti walandira kuti Koch anatenga wogulitsa zozunguza ubongo. Marita Koch kukayikitsa doping adzandikana, kuyambira Championships World ku Helsinki mu 1983 anayesedwa katatu, ndi kulithetsa. Malinga ndi iye, N'chimodzimodzinso ndi ntchito yake monga lonse: anali okhwima ndi udindo wothamanga.

German wothamanga amakumbukira ntchito yake yodziŵika. "Zinali nthawi yaikulu - anati Marita Koch. - zamijaha wandipatsa kwambiri, ngakhale mtengo wa chigonjetso kwambiri ntchito mwakhama. Ndikufuna kubwereza izo zonse mofanana. "

mfundo zosangalatsa

Pamaso retiring ku masewera mu 1987 chifukwa cha kuvulala Marita Koch waika 31 dziko umboni. Ndi nthawi 6 pokazavala nthawi yabwino ndinagonjetsa akazi pa mamitala 400., komanso 8 zotsatira 10 abwino kwambiri azimayi 200 mamita Chimodzi mwa zinthu ake -. Swift 47,60 ndi mamita 400 pa kupeza katswiri dziko mu 1985 ku Canberra - adakali wachiwiri yakale alipo paliponse masewera Olympic. Ngakhale wothamanga sankakhoza ngakhale kubwera pafupi kwa chotsatirachi.

Marita Koch anasonyezanso nthawi mbiri pa mtunda 50 m. Mu zaka pachimake, iye anataya 400 mita mtundu kawiri kokha. Masewera ake zosonkhanitsira si kabudula mmodzi yekha mphoto, koma chifukwa kuti anali ndondomeko, osati nkhondo pa matayala a. Kutalika kwa ntchito yake mu 1984, iye analephera nawo Games Olympic ku Los Angeles chifukwa cha kunyanyala ndi Soviet Union ndi makina ake. Investigation mu ntchito ya mankhwala mu dziko mapulogalamu masewera a Germany kale East pambuyo kugwa kwa dongosolo zokomera mu 1989 anakhudzidwa Koch, koma anaumirira wosalakwa.