Wolemba Marietta Shahinian: yonena, zilandiridwenso, chidwi mfundo

Soviet wolemba Marietta Shahinian imatengedwa kukhala oyamba Russian yopeka olemba nthawi yake. Ndi mtolankhani komanso wolemba, wolemba ndakatulo publicist, mkazi uyu anali ndi mphatso wolemba ndi luso enviable. Iwo Marietta Shahinian, ndakatulo safanana wake amene akhala wotchuka kwambiri, malinga ndi otsutsa, wapanga zopereka zake yapadera Chirasha Soviet ndakatulo za chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa ndi m'ma makumi awiri.

Kudziwa ngati wolemba ndi zojambulajambula munthu adza kwa chilengedwe. Ndipo pamene munthu osakaniza zodabwitsa luntha ndi ludzu moyo, ludzu nzeru ndi mphamvu yodabwitsa ntchito, ndiye munthu uyu ali ndi udindo wapadera mu mbiri. Amenewa anali Marietta Shahinian.

yonena

Anabadwa wolemba m'tsogolo Moscow m'banja la luntha Chiameniya wa makumi awiri oyamba March 1888. bambo ake, Sergei Davidovich, anali pulofesa wothandizira ku Moscow State University. Marietta Shahinian aphunzira zonse. Iye anayamba kuphunzira pasukulu mseri, ndipo kenako - mu Rzhevsk zolimbitsa thupi. Popeza 1906, anayamba kusindikizidwa. Mu 1912, Marietta anamaliza mbiri-nthanthi mphamvu pa University Akazi V. I. Gere. Iye amapita ku St. Petersburg. Ndi apa, mu St. Petersburg, wolemba tsogolo ndi publicist anakumana ndi njira zina zounikira ndi monga Z. N. Gippius ndi DS Merezhkovsky.

Kuyambira 1912 mpaka 1914 anakaphunzira nzeru ngati sayansi pa yunivesite ya Heidelberg ku Germany. Pa mapangidwe ntchito yake wakhala mphamvu kwambiri ya ndakatulo ya Goethe. Mu 1913 anapita m'chigawo choyamba, wolemba amene anali ndiye komabe palibe amene amadziŵa Shaginyan Marietta Sergeevna. Orientalia ndakatulo zoona, anapanga wotchuka ake.

Kuyambira 1915 mpaka 1919 Marietta Shahinian ankakhala Rostov pa-Don. Pano iye ndi mtolankhani manyuzipepala ambiri, monga "ntchito", "Azov Region," "Ufiti mawu", "Black Sea gombe," ndi zina zotero. D. Pa nthawi yomweyo wolemba limaphunzitsa aesthetics ndi mbiri luso pa Rostov Conservatory.

pambuyo 1918

Marietta Shahinian analandira mwansangala ulimi. Kenako iye anati kwa iye kuti anali ndi mwambo "khalidwe la chikhristu-lachinsinsi." Mu 1919, iye amagwira ntchito ngati mlangizi Donnarobraza, ndiyeno anaikidwa mkulu wa sukulu ya kuluka. Mu 1920 Shahinian anasamukira ku Petrograd, pamene zaka zitatu kugwilizana ndi nyuzipepala "Izvestia wa Petrograd Soviet", 1948 iye anali mtolankhani wapadera wa "Pravda" nyuzipepala "Bulletin". Mu 1927, Marietta Shahinian anasamuka kwawo mbiri - mu Armenia, koma mu 1931 anabwerera ku Moscow.

Mu mmasate, iye maphunziro Academy Chokonzekera Gosplan. M'zaka nkhondo Shahinian nayo Urals. Choncho, iye analemba nkhani m'nyuzipepala "Pravda". Mu 1934 anagwirizira Congress loyamba la Soviet Writers, kumene Marietta Shahinian osankhidwa membala wa gululo.

chilengedwe

zinthu zolembalemba mkaziyo luso likufotokoza zosiyanasiyana m'madera a moyo. Mu ntchito zake zimakhala zapadera malo monographs zoyenera Goethe, Taras Shevchenko, Joseph Mysliveček. Iwo Shahinian ndi mlembi woyamba Soviet ofufuza buku "nyansi peza". Zinali kwambiri ndi mtolankhani Soviet. Iye ndi woyambitsa wa nkhani ndi vuto essays. Pankhaniyi, utolankhani Shahinian anazindikira osati kwambiri ndipo osati njira ndalama, ngati kuli kotheka kuti mwachindunji kuphunzira moyo.

Mu buku lake lotchedwa "Ulendo kuti Weimar" kwa nthawi yoyamba kuonekera mbali prose kalembedwe ake. Otsutsa amakhulupirira kuti ntchito imeneyi Tingaone mwa wolemba chodabwitsa luso chenicheni cha mfundo tsiku ndi tsiku kuulula chizindikiro cha munthu ndi ubale wake ndi nthawi. "Ulendo kuti Weimar" - ntchito loyamba wolemba izi mu mawonekedwe a essays kuyenda - mu mtundu wanyimbo, amene adzakwaniritsidwa moyo wanga wonse Marietta Shahinian.

mabuku

buku lake loyamba kwambiri, anayamba mu 1915 ndipo anamaliza mu 1918. "Tsoka Chake" - buku la nzeru. Shahinian analinso connoisseur nyimbo, mabuku ndi wotsutsa, izo angatchedwe ndi novelist, ndi katswiri-wapaulendo. Koma Choyamba Shahinian anali wolemba mabuku ndi publicist. Iye anasiya kwambiri ntchito zolembalemba, monga "Hydrocentral", "Diary kwa kazembe Moscow Soviet", "Ural chitetezo", "Ulendo wa Armenia," ndi zina zotero. D.

Iye ndi woyambitsa wa zigawo zinayi za ndakatulo zina zimene zinali ngakhale maphunziro kusukulu. Kwa zaka zambiri, Marietta Sergeevna Shaginyan analenga zithunzi zopeka za anthu amene unali wolumikizidwa bwino - Tikhonov, Khodasevich, Rachmaninoff, ndipo akufotokozera za moyo ndi ntchito ya olemba wokondedwa naye - T. Shevchenko, I. Krylov, Goethe.

banja

Mwamuna wa Marietta Shahinian anali philologist komanso womasulira ku Armenia Yakobo Samsonovich Khachatryan. Anakulira mwana wa Mirel. Mtsikanayo sanafune kupita ku mapazi a makolo awo. Iye anali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi chithunzi. Mirel Yakovlevna anali membala wa Union of ojambula. Mu Shahinian anali mdzukulu ndi mdzukulu.

S. Marietta anamwalira mu 1982 mu Moscow. Iye anali zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu anayi. Kumapeto kwa moyo wake, iye sanali kutuluka mwa iye yaing'ono imodzi chogona, yomwe ili pansi woyamba ndi ndithu zogona nyumba wamba mu Moscow. Wolemba kamodzi wotchuka anachita popanda zapamwamba ndi frills. nyumba kwake kunali Soviet muyezo ya mipando, zinthu ambiri m'banja. The apamwamba okha kwawo anali ndi zaka nyimbo limba.

mfundo zosangalatsa

moyo wautali, amene ankakhala Marietta Sergeevna Shaginyan anadzazidwa ndi zochitika zazikulu ndi zazing'ono zakale, za zimene wolemba nthawi zonse ankalankhula mwansangala ndipo ndi chidwi. Iwo ali ndi wapadera malo Leninist mutu zilandiridwenso ake zoopsa. Kunena ake amafotokoza "Ulyanov Banja", "Choyamba Onse-Russian" si nthawi zonse pozindikira unambiguously. zipangizo mbiri za mtsogoleri wa proletariat ndi zakazi Marietta Shahinian anasonkhana kwa zaka zambiri.

Baibulo loyambirira la buku amafotokoza "Ulyanov Banja" linasindikizidwa mu 1935 ndipo pomwepo linachititsa kusakhutira amphamvu ndi Stalin. Mkwiyo, "tate wa mitundu yonse 'chifukwa chofalitsa mfundo Shahinian kuti mu mitsempha Lenin ali Kalmyk magazi. Komanso, buku dzina lake kulakwitsa ndi kawiri takambirana pa presidium la Soviet Writers ', limene amawanena kuti kusonyeza mtsogoleri wa banja monga Afilisiti ndi.