Wambiri Bunina Ivana Alekseevicha

Ivan Bunin anabadwa mu 1870 ku banja la fuko lomveka, ndi msilikali wakale Alekseya Bunina, amene anatha kupita kusweka mwa ndiye. Banja lake chuma kusamukira dera Orel, pamene wolemba anakhala ubwana wake. Mu 1881 analowa zolimbitsa thupi Eletskii. Koma kupeza maphunziro inu simungakhoze, pambuyo makalasi 4 Ivan abwelela kunyumba, T. Kwa. Pa makolo losauka alibe ndalama zokwanira maphunziro ake. Mkuluyo m'bale Julius, amene anatha maphunziro yunivesite, anathandiza kudutsa njira yonse ya nyumba zolimbitsa thupi. Wambiri Bunin - munthu, mlengi ndi mlengi - mwadzaza zosayembekezereka zochitika ndi mfundo. Mu zaka 17, Ivan lofalitsidwa ndakatulo yake yoyamba. Bunin posachedwapa anasamukira ku Kharkov kwa mchimwene wake, iye akupita ku ntchito yoona mu nyuzipepala "Orlovsky boma yotchedwa Gazette". , Iye limafalitsa nkhani wake, nkhani ndi ndakatulo. Mu 1891 anafalitsa m'chigawo choyamba cha ndakatulo. Apa, wolemba Mtsikana wina ndi Barbara - wake chikondi choyamba. makolo a mtsikanayu sanafune ukwati wawo, kotero kuti banjali mobisa anachoka Poltava. ubwenzi wawo unatha 1894, nakhala chinkatilimbikitsa kwambiri kulemba buku "The Life of Arseniev".

Bunin yonena chodabwitsa, mokwanira ndi misonkhano ndi anzawo chidwi. 1895 amakhala kunasintha moyo wa Ivan. Ulendo wopita ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg, ankadziwa Chekhov, Bryusov, Kuprin, Korolenko, kupambana woyamba wa chimangidwe mabuku a likulu. Mu 1899 Bunin kukwatira Anne Tsakni, koma izi nthaŵi yochepa ukwati. 1900 - nkhani "Antonov maapulo" 1901 - magulu "Listopad" ndakatulo, 1902 - masamba anasonkhana ntchito pa kusindikiza nyumba "Kudziwa". Author - Ivan Bunin. Wambiri ndi wapadera. 1903 - kupereka kwa Pushkin Prize! Wolemba maulendo: Italy, France, Constantinople ndi Caucasus. ntchito zake zabwino - nkhani zazifupi za chikondi. Za chikondi zachilendo, makamaka popanda chitsiriziro osangalala. Monga ulamuliro, ndi lingaliro zakanthawi za mwachisawawa, koma mozama ndi mphamvu kuti akuswa moyo ndi tsoka la ngwazi. Ndipo apa zingamvekere yonena kovuta Bunin. Koma ntchito zake ndi zoopsa, ali odzazidwa ndi chikondi, chimwemwe chakuti ndi mtima kuchitika mu moyo.

Mu 1906, ku madzulo zolembalemba Ivan anakumana ndi Vera Muromtseva, chete dona wamng'ono ndi maso yaikulu. Kachiwiri, mtsikana makolo anali ndi awo ubwenzi. Vera anaphunzira chaka chatha, analemba dipuloma. Koma iye anasankha kuti ndimakukondani. Mu April 1907 Vera ndi Ivan pamodzi anapita pa ulendo, nthawi ili kum'mawa. Pakuti onse anakhala mwamuna ndi mkazi. Koma anakwatira yekha mu 1922, ku France.

Mabaibulo a Byron, Tennyson, Musset mu 1909 Bunin kachiwiri analandira Pushkin Prize amakhala membala aulemu wa St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Mu 1910, zikuoneka buku "The Village", chimene chinapangitsa kwambiri pa mlanduwo ndipo wakonza mabuku otchuka. Atakhala ndi Gorky mu 1912-1914 gg. pa chisumbu cha Capri ku Italy, Bunin analemba nkhani yake yotchuka "The njonda ku San Francisco".

Koma utasintha cha 1917 chaka Si Ivan Alekseevich Bunin. Wambiri ya wolemba si kophweka. Mu 1920 banja lake anasamuka ku France. Iye analandira mu West monga waukulu Russian wolemba, anakhala mtsogoleri wa Union of olemba Russian ndi atolankhani. Mungaipeze latsopano ntchito: "Mitya Chikondi", "izo Elagina mphalasa", "Sunstroke", "Mulungu mtengo."

1933 - Wambiri Bunin anadabwa kachiwiri. Iye anakhala woyamba Russian wopambana wa Nobel Prize chifukwa Literature. Ndi nthawi wolemba chotchuka kwambiri mu Europe. Bunin anali mdani wa Nazi. M'nkhondo, ngakhale imfa ndi kulandidwa, iye sananene ntchito limodzi. Pa ntchito ya France, analemba mkombero wa nkhani nostalgic, koma iwo zimaikidwa mu 1946. Mu zaka zomalizira za moyo wake Ivan analemba ndakatulo. Koma Soviet Union Ayamba kusonyezedwa wachikondi, iye akufuna kubwerera. Koma mapulani ake mawu imfa. Bunin atamwalira mu 1953, monga Stalin. Ndipo chaka chimodzi chokha ku Soviet Union anayamba kufalitsa ntchito zake.