Volgograd Sarepta: mbiri, zithunzi

Lodabwitsali m'mbiri komanso kamangidwe zovuta adzatha kuona onse amene afika kwa Volgograd. Sarepta lili kumalire a kum'mwera kwa mzinda. Iwo mozizwitsa anapulumuka midzi Achilutera anamanga - ankalamulira, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa ndi ndi anthu opembedza Herrnhuters.

Mbiri ya Zarefati (Volgograd)

Lero, dera lalikulu kwambiri mzinda, kaya mawu a m'gawo ndi mawu a anthu, ndi Krasnoarmeysk. Koma zaka 230 zapitazo, dziko limeneli linali tauni yaing'ono, omwe anakhazikitsidwa ochokera Germany. Iye natchedwa Sarepta.

M'zaka za m'ma XVIII Russian Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri anaitanidwa m'dziko lake kutenga nawo mbali pa chitukuko cha wopanda m'madera kum'mwera malire a Russia. Pa foni yake yoyamba kuyankha Herrnhuters akukhala Saxony. Iwo anali Akhristu, ndipo ana a Moravian Abale, amene anakakamizika kusiya kwawo pambuyo yimitsira wa Hussite zisinthe. Mu zaka makumi ochepa chabe pamaso anasamukira ku Russia, abale Czech analandira malo ogona Saxony Gerngut Pamudzi. Panthawi imeneyi, anthu awo chawonjezeka kwambiri. Iwo anali olumikizidwa ndi otsatira atsopano.

Herrnhuters amavomerezedwa resettlement pansi chikhalidwe chimene iwo adzapatsidwa mwayi kuchita zinthu waumishonale. Iwo ankafuna kubweretsa Mau a Mulungu kuti mavuto onse, kusamalira odwala, osauka ndi olumala. Malo kuthetsa kusankha pakati umafuna zambiri. Pamene izo nthawi yomweyo wotchedwa Pamudzi, abale anayamba Baibulo. Iwo kuwerenga mawu a Yehova amene analankhula ndi mneneri Eliya, anatuma ku Zarefati ya Sidoni. Mulungu anapanga kuti nyumba ya mkazi wamasiye amene anasiya mneneri konse italowa mu ufa mphika, ndi mafuta a mumtsuko sanali ndichepe. Izi amapulumutsa mkazi ndi mwana wake.

Mwina, ndi mwamwayi zodabwitsa, koma Sarepta athu (Volgograd), wotchuka kwa kupanga masamba mafuta ndi ufa. Ngakhale lero mukuonera pa maalumali katundu ndi dzina "Sarepta".

chitukuko cha midzi

Ngakhale patapita zaka zambiri, njuchi bwino. Izo zomera zingapo anakwiriridwa mu minda ya mphesa, m'minda. Sarepta anali m'gulu la pogwiritsa yabwino ya Russia, ndi wotchuka chifukwa matope ake osambira ndi mchere akasupe. Zinaoneka kuti Ambuye Mwiniwake kutetezedwa okhala ndi kuthetsa matenda ndi masoka achilengedwe. Ndi ntchito kokha mmishonale lachifumu lamulo linaletsa zaka makumi angapo. Izi anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti kufalikira kwa Uthenga umalepheretsa kusinthanitsa ndi vuto la zachuma.

Kuyambira moyo unayamba kuda mu Sarepta. Ambiri Herrnhuters atsamunda anachoka m'mudzi, ndi amene anakhalabe anagwirizana ammudzi Lutheran. ana awo anawonongedwa kapena kupita ku Kazakhstan ndi Siberia pa kupondereza za m'ma XX.

Chirengedwe cha m'nyumbayi ndi zolinga zake

Mu September 1990, Bungwe la nduna za boma latsopano la Russia anaganiza kukhazikitsa m'dera yaikulu pabwalo owonetsera zakale. Unachitikira pa nthawi ya mahekitala asanu. Zolinga zikuluzikulu za chilengedwe ake anali kusunga wapadera mbiri nyemba kukonzekera m'tawuni zaka XVIII-XIX. Komanso, anakonza chitsitsimutso cha umisiri miyambo ndi mafakitale, miyambo mtundu wa anthu amene akhala kumene kuli dziko lino. Lero, "Sarepta" (Volgograd) - m'nyumbayi, amene mogwirizana ndi mabungwe kutsogolera kafukufuku dziko. Amalimbikitsa chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale cholowa cha Russia.

M'nyumbayi "Sarepta" malo (Volgograd) ntchito ya German, Chirasha, Chiyukireniya, Chitata, Chibelarusi, ndi anthu Kalmyk. Apa analengedwa ndi zonse akweza zinthu kuteteza multiculturalism mitundu ya m'derali, chitukuko cha yapakati-mitundu kulankhulana ndi anthu miyambo.

Ndi nawo yogwira la anthu a mu yochepa nthawi, m'nyumbayi wakhala mwini zopereka abwino a ethnography zinthu zakale ndi numismatics. Kunyada kwa nyumbayi ndi Archive chithunzi Fund. M'buku lake lili zipangizo kusonyeza wapadera odzakhala German a moyo ndi chikhalidwe, Kalmyks ndi amphawi Russian.

Museum "Sarepta" (Volgograd)

Lero, m'nyumbayi-malo wakhala alendo lalikulu, chikhalidwe, kufufuza ndi methodological likulu la Volgograd. Tsopano chimakwirira kudera la mahekitala oposa 7. Pa madera ake 26 nyumba anapulumuka. 23 M'menemo muli zipilala zaka XVIII-XIX tanthauzo feduro. Museum "Sarepta" (Volgograd), ndi chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani ino, ali ogwira oyenerera komanso mkulu kuthekera sayansi, zimene zimathandiza inu kupulumutsa, kuphunzira ndi kulimbikitsa cholowa cha anthu a m'dera Volga.

Kirch

Mmodzi wa chachikulu malo mapulani Sarepta ndi mpingo wa Chilutera. Iwo lili kumpoto chapakati malo a mudzi kudzalekanitsa m'mudzi kuchokera kumanda, chotero kufanizira mzere chabwino umene umawalekanitsa moyo ndi imfa.

Muchipinda choyamba, cholinga mapemphero, anali opatulidwira bishopu Nichmanom mu 1766. Komabe, patapita chaka mpingo anagwidwa ku nyumba imzake, amene poyamba anafuna kuti msonkhano kunyumba. Pambuyo pake, ku mapiko ndi zogonamo kwa mutu wa njuchi ndi abusa.

Kumangidwa kwa mpingo watsopano Lutheran inayamba mu 1771 likuvutika njuchi kuti kulandira mphatso kuchokera Catherine II. Komanso, zopereka abale ntchito. Nyumba yatsopano opatulidwira chaka chotsatira (1772).

chitsanzo mpingo wa ku Zarefati anali ngati holo mpingo mu Lichtenburg. nyumbayi ali ndi wowuma mtima kwambiri mapulani kalembedwe. Iye zikugwilizana ndi malamulo a "gerngutskogo Baroque". Kirch ndi amakona anayi ziwiri storey nyumba denga matabwa ndipo pafupifupi wopanda chokongoletsera mapulani. Kwa iye ndi dzanja lina izo ku mapiko a. Panali nyumba wapampando wa njuchi ndi atsogoleri.

Pambuyo pa October kuukira boma la 1917 utumiki mu mpingo anapitiriza kwa zaka 20. Komabe, mu 1930 izo inaika lamulo pa kutseka izo. Ndipotu, zimenezi zinachitika mu 1937. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World nyumbayo bungwe mafilimu a kanema "Kultarmeets". Mu redesigning nsanja anali anagwetsa, thupi ankaiphwasula, kuchotsedwa belu anaika ena polankhula mawindo. Kumbali yakumpoto panali kutambasuka, lomwe linaikidwa pa mafilimu a kanema foyer. Mu 1967, zisudzo Anatseka, ndipo mpingo lili yosungira chipinda.

Lero, alendo ambiri kubwera ku Volgograd Sarepta m'gulu mndandanda kuvomerezedwa kukawona malo. Iwo akhoza kuwona kusintha kwakukulu mu nyumba ya mpingo, umene unali mbali ya nyumbayi mu 1991. Patapita zaka zinayi (1995) pali wadutsa woyamba mu zaka zambiri, mapemphero wapadera.

limba

Ambiri wapadera zipilala mbiri wotchuka Volgograd. Sarepta akutenga malo abwino pakati pawo. Chimodzi chimene chimakopa anthu ambiri amaona kuti kukhala ndi thupi anaika mu mpingo.

Iye anapereka kwa gulu la mzinda Vehtersbaha (Germany). pedals wake amakulolani kusintha akaundula pa masewera. Mpingo wa Chilutera nthawi zonse unachitikira zoimbidwa ndi chiwalo zoimbaimba. Lero yekha dera chilli ndi kulira moyo, popanda amagetsi.

chosema equilibr

M'nyumbayi mukhoza kuwona chosema wophiphiritsa wa mogwirizana ndi bwino - Equilibre. Izi mphatso kwa mzinda, ngwazi ya mlongo wake Cologne. Mtanda unaonetseratu mu 2004 pa mwambo wa Masiku a German Culture.

Ntchito zichitike mwala, wolemba Rolf Schaffner - wotchuka ziboliboli ku Germany. Mbali imeneyi ya kapangidwe chachikulu wopangidwa mwa zinthu zisanu. Iwo anaika mu mizinda isanu European - Cologne (Germany), Nkhata Bay (Ireland), Santo (Spain) Kronheyme (Norway). Tsopano, zikuchokera alipo Volgograd.

ntchito yophunzitsa

Alendo onse alinkudza kwa Volgograd Sarepta kumathandiza kuti akhazikike yaikulu. Ndipo osati kuteteza zipilala mbiri. Museum-Reserve zonse interregional misonkhano sayansi, "matebulo wozungulira", misonkhano, makope sayansi yake Buku ndi nyuzipepala "News wa ku Zarefati."
M'nyumbayi ndi bwino m'derali, komanso German laibulale ntchito Russian, German ndi Kalmyk malo chikhalidwe.