Vatican: boma ndi polity

Vatican - wodziimira Wamkulu Koposa wagawo, ndilo laling'ono mzinda boma mu dziko. Ndipo ziribe kanthu ndi zimene dziko pa dera la likulu Italy. Kodi bwanji? Kodi boma ndi Vatican?

Mbiri ya zosayembekezereka wa Vatican

Ngakhale m'zaka za m'ma VIII, ndi kulamulira Wachifulanki Korol Pipin prepodnos monga mphatso kwa Papa m'mayiko Roma. Kenako, mu 1870, asilikali Italy linalanda Rome, pokana ulamuliro pontifi a. Pokumana ndi boma ndi Holy See inatenga zaka 60. Ndipo unathera potsiriza kusainira wa Lateran Pacts. Iwo anapereka Vatican ulamuliro ndi malipiro apachaka ndalama Italy.

zokopa Vatican City

The kukopa chachikulu, kukakamiza kubwera kuno khamu la alendo, ndithudi, ndi Cathedral wa St. Peter. Izi ndi malo apadera. Kumangidwa ndi yokongola anatenga gawo amisiri kwambiri ndi amisiri monga Bernini ndi Michelangelo.

Pakuti munthu wina kwachinsinsi Vatican City zokopa zikuphatikizapo Apostolic Library. Amaona lotseguka, koma mwayi ndi zochepa kuti ndalama kuti Kuwulura zinsinsi zonse zingatenge kuposa zaka. Nawa mayankho a mafunso ambiri mbiri. Mwachitsanzo, pamanja Leonardo da Vinci, kenako zasungidwa, mwina zoika mthunzi pa kutchuka kwa mpingo. Malinga ndi mphekesera, kope chobisika cha ntchito ya wotchuka lachinsinsi la Cagliostro mu chapansi laibulale, ndi thandizo limene mungapeze unyamata.

m'gawo boma

m'dera Vatican chimakwirira okwana mahekitala 44. Koma ngakhale kukula, apa ali mwini positi utumiki wake, wailesi, pa njanji ndi asilikali. Kukhala nzika ya dziko lino si kophweka. Nzika alibe pochitika ndi cholowa, ndipo inaika pamaziko a utumiki Woyera See. Moyo pano atuluka ndithu modekha. Koma popeza boma ndi chochepa kwambiri, chiwerengero cha milandu, malingana ndi kuwerengera, ndi kangapo kuposa mu Italy.

Vatican: Chidwi Mfundo

boma lili ndi zikhumbo zake za mphamvu: mbendera ndi nyimbo. Mbendera wapangidwa mikwingwirima chikasu ndipo woyera pa izo zinasonyeza Vatican odula manja. The National Anthem lagawidwa pawiri. Choyamba anaimba Latin, ndipo chachiwiri - mu Italy. Kuwonjezera apolisi, pali wapadera Swiss Alonda. Lilili kuteteza pontifi kuchokera 1506. Dziwani mfundo zosangalatsa za utumiki uwu:

1. masuti asilikali sewn pa zina zachidule ndi Raphael. Chipewa ndi wakuda beret, amene ankakonda kusonyeza yekha wojambula.
2. Pa msonkhano wa anthu osankhidwa wamng'ono kwa zaka 18 mpaka 25. Iwo ayenera kukhala Catholic ndi kukhala nzika Swiss.
3. alonda saloledwa kuvala ndevu kapena masharubu. Ndipo kukwatira May, ndi kusamvana wapadera.
4. utumiki kumatenga zaka 2, koma angathe zaka 25.
5. malipiro si zedi. Zoperekedwa nyumba ufulu ndi wotsatira pantchito.
6. Swiss Alonda satenga nawo nkhondo. Zosiyana amati chipulumutso Papa Clement VII mu 1527, pamene alonda 147 anaphedwa.

Vatican: boma

Pankhani chipangizo yekha, pankhani imeneyi, pali mikangano malamulo. Akukhulupirira kuti mawonekedwe a boma Vatican State - mtheradi lateokalaseli mafumu. mbali kanukanu ndi makhalidwe awa:

• The ndende ya nthambi mphamvu yonse mu manja omwewo.
• Mphamvu tinatengera.
• Mfumu sikudzakhala wopalamula ngati zimenezi.
• Akuti chisankho cha mfumu - osati lokhazikika.

Chotero kodi mawonekedwe a boma Vatican? Amadziwika kuti ali Constitution chake, chomwe ndi zochita asanu. Chilamulo Basic simanena chakuti Papa - mfumu. Nkhani 1 limanena kuti iye ndi Ambuye wa mzinda boma la Vatican City ndi Supreme papa. M'manja mwake, kuganizira onse atatu nthambi za boma. Komabe, mphamvu zokonza malamulo anapatsa bungwe la Pontifical, amene zikuchokera aumbike mwa Ambuye zaka 5. Tcheyamani ake amasonyeza mphamvu wamkulu mu boma.

Nthawi zina, Mlembi General mwina komanso mphamvu wamkulu. Nthambi ndicho kwathunthu mmanja mwa Papa m'malo mwa zimene matupi ziwalo anakhazikitsa. Kuti kutenga zochita m'malo mwa Ambuye, amene ali woyenera kutipatsa Amnesty, chikhululukiro, chikhululukiro kapena kumasula chilango.

The zambiri lodziwika Vatican? Mtundu wa boma akhoza kulenga nkhani chilamulo, ngati osati chifukwa chakuti Papa yekha amaika anthu amene anapatsa mphamvu yake. Choncho kwathunthu zogwirizana ndi tanthauzo la ufumu wonse. Pankhani cholowa cha mphamvu, Constitution si zonse chisankho cha mfumu. Yankholo mu lamulo ovomerezeka, zomwe amanyadira malo mu utsogoleri wolowezana wa magwero a malamulo a Boma la Vatican City. mawonekedwe a boma, pamene ife tikuwona, yilungamitsidwa osati mwa ntchito za lamulo lalikhulu ladziko.

Msonkhano wapadera (College of Makadinolo) mobisa umasankha kumutu amene ali njira atsopano kwa Mafumu. Nthawi zambiri amapereka chakudya cha mikangano. njira yotero zisanko kugwirizana ndi mbiri - Papa Gregory VII anathetsa bungwe la cholowa, chimene chiri chifukwa cha kusafuna wa Mpingo kutaya chuma. Komano, ubale ndi mkazi wakhala ngati tchimo, kotero mphamvu devolution anakhala kosatheka kwa pontifi lapansi.

Vatican: boma ndi polity

boma yaing'ono umalamulidwa ndi Holy See ndi wa mafumu mtheradi. Papa ndi unkalamuliridwa ndipo anasankha Makadinolo moyo. ulamuliro Executive ndi Mlembi wa State, utsogoleri - kazembe akusankhidwa ndi bungwe la Pontifical. Mwalamulo, ndi Vatican ali udindo wa dera mfumu ya Holy See. Waukulu utsogoleri thupi - Roma Curia.

Mwayekha ndi maganizo awo mzinda boma - Vatican. Mtundu wa boma - wakale kwambiri mu dziko. Tiyeni si makampani ndi alibe ulimi wake, koma chitukuko makhalidwe ndi ndale, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.