The ndalama zonse za ngongole za - ndichiyani? CPM mawerengedwe chilinganizo

Nthawi zambiri zoti ngongole, tiyenera kulabadira kwa zithunzi za mabungwe kupereka kumutumikira. Zinkandisangalatsa ndi yabwino chiwongola dzanja, makasitomala amadabwa akaona mmene zambiri chifukwa cha ndalama zonse za ngongole ya.

The chiwongola dzanja - izi siziri chimodzimodzi zimene inu kupeza pamene mupanga chigwirizano. Kuchuluka kwa overpayment ndilo mafilimu komanso mtengo wa zolembalemba ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana. Ndiye kodi ndi mtengo wogwira chidwi? Kodi ndi mmene kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa overpayment chiyani? Tiyeni yesetsani kuthetsa nkhani imeneyi.

CPM ndi chiyani?

Choncho, kodi mtengo okwana ngongole ya? Tanthauzo limatiuza kuti mawu amenewa mwachidule onse chindapusa zotheka ndi ndalama ngongole pa. M'malamulo Russian, ndalamazo ayenera ili pa tsamba loyamba la chipangano ngongole, kapena kani, mu ngodya chapamwamba bwino. Information ayenera unazunguliridwa ndi chimango lalikulu ndi kusindikizidwa wosasintha waukulu omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa nkhaniyi. Bokosili chiyenera kutenga osachepera 5% ya malo okwana tsamba. Choncho ngati pa kusaina mgwirizano munakwanisa kuona ambiri unazunguliridwa mu wakuda lalikulu chimango - ichi ndi mtengo wodzala ndi ngongole ya. Chimene icho chiri, mwa mawu osavuta angafotokozedwe motere. Izi zonse ndi kuchuluka kuti kulipira mapeto pamene inu kupanga pangano ngongole. Pamafunikanso chidwi, mabungwe, chindapusa kamodzi, malipiro lachitatu maphwando, ndi zina zotero.

Kodi chinthu choterocho?

Chokhacho chomwe chimayambitsa ngati lingaliro angathe kuonedwa ngati nkhanza za mabungwe a zachuma payekha. Iwo anati, kulonjezedwa kwa makasitomala mitengo attractively otsika chidwi, mabanki ndi "aiwala" kumuuza za zonse ndalama okhudzidwa, kudalira mgwirizano. Kupezeka kwa ndalama zina akhoza kukhala otsika chidwi msinkhu, kuti simudzakhala nawo phindu pa onse.

The downside wa kukongoza otere kukhala kasitomala sangathe mosapita ganizilani za m'tsogolo ndi kuwerengera mphamvu alipire ngongole. Kutsiriza icho mulole mwachisoni. Kasitomala analephera kubweza limanena yaikulu amachita kukonzanso ngongole. Pa nthawi yomweyo akuvutika ndi mbiri ngongole ya wobwereka lapansi.

Kumene, mutitsegulire chinyengo akadali sakuyesetsa - zinthu zonse ndi overpayment poyera alembedwa mu mgwirizano. Koma si anthu onse ndi mlingo wokwana wa maphunziro, kotero kuti popanda thandizo la loya wa zachuma ndi kumvetsa intricacies ake. Zonsezi zapangitsa chakuti mu 2013 ndi lamulo mabungwe ndalama kubweretsa chidwi zizindikiro makasitomala monga mtengo okwana ngongole ya Analeredwa ndi boma.

ndi mukufuna kudziwa zomwe. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za kumene mungaphunzire ndi momwe paokha kuwerengetsa chithunzi ichi.

Kodi kudziwa mtengo wodzala ndi ngongole ya?

Monga tanenera kale, mauthenga amenewa apezeke mosavuta poyera. Mukhoza mwachindunji kufunsa woyang'anira: "? Kodi mtengo wogwira chidwi" Kodi izo ndi kumene kuyang'ana, mukudziwa kale. Kotero inu mukhoza ingoyang'anani pa tsamba loyamba la chigwirizano. Ngati mulibe kuona chiwerengero zolondola pa malo oyenera, pali mpata kusonyeza, ndipo musati kumabisala kwa inu ngati chirichonse. Mwachilungamo Bank Kodi isachitidwe kuchuluka kwa UCS. Izi zinasonyeza "chiyero" wa zolinga, ndi kutitengera chithunzi zabwino za bungwe mu msika chuma.

Kumvetsa mmene kuwerengera ndalama okwana ngongole, muyenera kudziwa zimene zili m'gulu mawerengedwe ndi zimene si n'komwe.

Kodi m'gulu CPM chiyani?

Osati onse ndalama lolipiridwa ndi kasitomala, ntchito mawerengedwe a mlingo weniweni chidwi. Loan Kakuleta (Chiwerengero ndi wofunika kwa inu) mwina monga magawo zotsatirazi:

• pafupipafupi (periodicity) wa alipire ngongole ya;
• chindapusa misonkhano kasamalidwe ndalama;
• kupereka chidwi;
• Malipiro mokomera anthu 3 amene ntchito zifunika kwa issuance wa ngongole ya ndalama;
• Commission (deta) kwa kulingalira ntchito ndi issuance wa ngongole;
• mtengo wa issuance wa khadi malipiro kapena amagetsi chida malipiro, malo pa mapeto a mgwirizano;
• amalipiritsa kwa kutsegula kubanki.

lachitatu maphwando, mu nkhani iyi tinganene kuti:

• kutukula;
• Katswiri appraiser;
• odziwitsa;
• inshuwalansi bungwe;

Popeza mapeto a pangano ngongole zaka zingapo nthawi ndi kovuta kulosera kodi chiwerengero cha lachitatu maphwando patapita kanthawi, mu mawerengedwe a chiwerengero chonse cha ngongole awo akugwiritsidwa kuti alipo pa nthawi ya kusainira mgwirizanowo.

Kuti palibe amaphatikiza?

Kodi mukudziwa kuti si onse chindapusa kugwirizana ndi processing ngongole, akhoza n'komwe pamene kuwerengetsa ndi UCS. The kuchotserapo ndi:

1. ndalama sanali m'gulu mawu ngongoleyo, koma zinthu zosiyanasiyana za lamulo.
2. Kupereka ndalama ndi zilango zinthu kulephera kwa pangano ngongole.
3. Commission, zilipo mgwirizano ndi malingana ndi khalidwe la kasitomala.

Mpaka lomaliza zotsatirazi:

• Chilango alipire oyambirira a ngongole.
• Amalipiritsa kuti waleka ndalama ATM. Ena mabanki kupereka ndalama zokha kusamutsa kuti khadi madebiti. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngati inu kuti muchotse kuchuluka lonse kapena mbali yake mu "si mbadwa" ATM ndi muzisunga ndi kuchuluka zina.
• Amalipiritsa potipatsa mfundo za kuchuluka kwa ngongole kudzera SMS kapena imelo.
• Chiwongola dzanja kuti khalidwe la ntchito mu ndalama wosiyana zimene ngongole ya unayambitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati inu khadi ruble ngongole, ndipo munagula mu Japanese Intaneti sitolo.
• The ntchito mlandu ndi banki ya kulanda ndalama ku mabungwe ena ngongole.
• Malipiro kwa n'zotheka kuti suspend wotuluka banki (khadi Letsani).

chilinganizo

An mawerengedwe yeniyeni index izi ndi mfundo zosatheka, chifukwa zonse zikudalira choyambirira zinthu ngongole zimapezeka, mpaka zing'onozing'ono. Bank of Russia kwa CPM mawerengedwe yoperekedwa monga chilinganizo zovuta kuti si wantchito banki angathe molondola kuwerengera nthawi zonse poyamba. Kodi tinganene chiyani za nzika wamba.

Mu pepala ili, ife akamufunsirire wosalira zambiri (ngakhale m'malo akhakula) mawerengedwe a ngongole ya. Chiwerengero mukufunabe, koma mawerengedwe a satenga nthawi zambiri. Choncho, chilinganizo: UCS = TFR + Ch + P, kumene:

• TFR - kuchuluka kwa ngongole (ngongoleyo);
• CK - mtengo wa mabungwe onse monga munthu wolemera ndi nthawi;
• P - ndi chiwongola dzanja;
• UCS - zonse (okwana) mtengo wa ngongole ya.

deta onse dongosolo lino m'kukoma mawu thupi, koma mu ndalama ngongole. Kukula okwana a mabungwe ndi kuchita masamu powonjezera mpaka zedi onse adziwika nthawi zonse ya mgwirizano. Kukula kwa okwana mlingo alipire% angapezeke mu ndandanda ya malipiro. Iwo ayenera kuperekedwa ndi banki.

Chitsanzo cha kuwerengetsa ndalama okwana sankakhala

Tiyeni tione othandiza pa mmene kuwerengera ndalama okwana ngongole ya. Mwachitsanzo:

• ngongole ya 320 Y. imelo kwa zaka 3 mochititsa pachaka 16% .;
• chifukwa ngongole kupatsidwa ntchito - 2%;
• Malipiro misonkhano kasamalidwe ndalama - 1.2%.

Choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka chidwi chachikulu, izo Tingaone mu mgwirizano ngongole. Ifeyo ndi annuity malipiro njira kuchuluka kwa overpayment adzakhala 85 mu. e.

Timakhulupilira ntchito kwa issuance a 320 Y. e. * 2% 6.4 y n'zofanana. e.

Tsopano ife tikupeza angati a Commission misonkhano kasamalidwe ndalama: (.... 320 Cu + 82 Cu) * 1.2% = 4,86 mu. e.

Pambuyo kuwerengetsera zonse n'zotheka kudziwa kuchuluka wodzala 320 Y. e. +85 Y. e. + 6.4 Y. e. + 4.86 mu. e. = 416,26 pa. e.

Ambiri, palibe zovuta. Ndithudi, izi si ndalama zonsezo kwa kobiri, amene adzamasulidwa ku mawerengedwe a chilinganizo zovuta, akufuna ndi boma. Koma kusiyana si zofunika kwambiri. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana toŵerengera ngongole, wochuluka amaziika pa Intaneti kwa kuwerengetsera yolondola.

Kodi amapereka Kupenda chizindikiro cha CPM chiyani?

Kuzindikira kufunika zonse za ngongole mu malo oyamba kumakupatsani lingaliro bwino kukula weniweni wa overpayment ndi ngongole pa kukhwima. Choncho, pamene mitengo mwakuwoneka ofanana chidwi, mukhoza kusankha imodzi mankhwala banki, amene adzakhala mtengo. Komabe, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti adziwe za CPM saganizira kwambiri mfundo - kuchita izo zikhoza kukhala monga kuwerengetsera lapansi.

Mwachitsanzo, munthu akhoza kupeza ndalama ndi ngongoleyo patsogolo ndandanda. Pankhaniyi, overpayment adzakhala kwambiri yafupika. Koma mukhoza kupita njira zina. Kuchedwa mu kukhazikitsa kamba pangano angachotsedwe zilango zimene nthawi zambiri kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa overpayment lapansi. Choncho, posankha mankhwala banki sadalira malire mfundo za mtengo okwana ngongole, muyenera kuyesera kupereka njira zonse.

State kulamulira midzi

Imodzi mwa ntchito zofunikira wa Bank ku Central ndi kuwayang'anira mabungwe a zachuma. Cholinga cha cholinga ichi - Powunika kuonetsetsa kuti mabanki ntchito molakwika zochita zawo ndi mitengo mpweya chidwi chidwi. Mu nkhani imeneyi, Bank chapakati pa maziko itatu iriyonse atolele mfundo zofunika ndiponso mabuku kufunika pafupifupi msika wa CPM kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ngongole. mabungwe onse ngongole akuyenera kuganizira magawo awa. zinthu Kutsatsa umene phindu okwana ngongole ya kuposa pafupifupi msika ndi oposa 1/3, magombe saloledwa.

PSK, akulengeza mabanki chapakati alidi pafupifupi. Ndipotu, iwo mopitirira pa maziko a mfundo analandira kwa osachepera 100 angongole zazikuru kapena 1/3 la mabungwe a dziko chuma kupereka makamaka mankhwala aliwonse ngongole.