Spanish Katswiri Manuel Castells: ndi mbiri ndi chithunzi

Manuel Castells - Spanish Katswiri maganizo leftist, amene pamoyo wake kuphunzira za anthu mudziwe, kukambirana ndiponso kudalirana. Tikalemba Index of Sciences Social mu review wake wa zaka 2000-2014, iye ali wachisanu asayansi ambiri asonyezedwa dziko TV. Iye ali wopambana Holberg Prize (2012) chopereka wake ku chiphunzitso cha mudziwe (pambuyo mafakitale) anthu. Chaka chotsatira anali kupereka yapamwamba Balzan linapereka m'munda wa Chaanthu. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ndi Holberg Prize ndi analogue ya Nobel, kokha mu sayansi ndi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu. Panthawi imeneyi, Manuel Castells ndi Director of Dipatimenti Research ya Sociology, University of Cambridge, ndipo ndi katswiri wa mabungwe maphunziro apamwamba ku Los Angeles ndi Berkeley.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Manuel Castells anabadwa m'tauni yaing'ono ya Hellin m'chigawo Spanish wa Albacete (La Mancha ku Spain) mu 1942. Apo iye atakula anakhala ubwana wake. Koma mu unyamata wake Katswiri tsogolo anasamukira pafupipafupi. Iye ankakhala mu Albacete, Madrid, Cartagena, Valencia ndi Barcelona. Makolo ake anachokera ku banja ndiwofatsa. Monga wachinyamata, Manuel anapita Franco wa Spain, ubwana wake anali kukana pamalo ake onse. Choncho, kukhalabe yekha, anakhala chidwi ndale kuyambira zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Mu Barcelona, achinyamata anapita ku yunivesite ndipo zachuma kuphunzira ndi lamulo. Pali analowa mobisa odana Francoist wophunzira kayendedwe "Front Tebulo". ntchito yake chidwi za mabungwe a chitetezo a dzikoli, kenako anayamba kumangidwa kwa mabwenzi ake, mogwirizana ndi zimene Manuel anakakamizika kusamuka kwa France.

Chiyambi cha ntchito maphunziro

Mu zaka makumi awiri, Manuel Castells maphunziro pa Sorbonne. Pamenepo analemba digiri ku Chaanthu pa yunivesite ya Paris. Mphunzitsi wake anali Alen Turen. Pa zaka twente-foro, Castells wakhala mlangizi ku mayunivesite angapo French. Kenako anayamba kuphunzira nkhani ya m'matauni ndi njira chiphunzitso cha kafukufuku chikhalidwe ndi Chaanthu m'tawuni. Iyeyu anali ndi mwayi kuphunzitsa wotchuka Daniel Cohn-Bendit pa University of Paris West - Nanterre-La chitetezo. Koma kuchokera apo izo anachotsedwa mogwirizana ndi kuthandiza a zionetsero wophunzira 1968. Iye anakhala lecturer pa Sukulu ya Maphunziro a Sciences Social komwe anakagwira ntchito mpaka 1979.

moyo kenako

Cha m'ma 70 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, Manuel Castells anakhala katswiri wa Chaanthu ya California Berkeley. Iye anakhala ndi udindo chilango monga "mapulani m'matauni ndi dera." Kunyumba iyenso sanaiwale - kumene, atamwalira Franco. Mu 80-90-ntchentche anagwira ntchito mkulu wa Institute of Sociology wa New matekinoloje pa Autonomous University of Madrid. Mu 2001 anaikidwa pulofesa mu Barcelona. Bungweli ankatchedwa University Open. Komanso, anaitanidwa wophunzitsa m'masukulu ambiri akuluakulu padziko lonse. Popeza 2003, Castells anakhala katswiri wa kulankhulana pa yunivesite ya Southern California. Iye mitu Center kwa Public Zokambirana za Mayiko pa bungwe ili. Kuyambira 2008 iye ndi gulu membala wa Institute of luso ndi Technology European. Iye amakhala ku Spain ndi USA, kuthera nthawi imodzi kapena malo ena.

Relations ndi Russia ndi zachinsinsi

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti umenewu wasayansi wamkulu Manuel Castells, kuphunzira mzinda ndi mavuto ake ndipo anali kutsogolera kwa anthu ena. Katswiri padziko lonse anabwera kwa Soviet Union mu 1984 pa msonkhano wa bungwe la International Sociological Association, unachitikira mumzinda wa Novosibirsk. Kumeneko anakumana ndi Russian sayansi Emmoy Kiselevoy, amene kenako anakwatiwa ndi iye. Utatha wa USSR Castells anabwera Russia ndi gulu la aphungu ena ndi kukonza mapulani koma malangizo ake anali kuwaona zosavomerezeka. Komabe, anapitiriza kulemba mabuku ndi nkhani za makono mudziwe anthu. Ena mwa iwo anathera pa udindo ndi malo a Russia. Zinalembedwa mgwirizano ndi Emmoy Kiselevoy. Amaona kukhala mu mabuku Russian kuti Castells ndi maphokoso Marxists, koma wasayansi yekha yovuta kwambiri maganizo chikominisi ndi kukhulupirira kuti kukhazikitsa enaake aliyense kumabweretsa Ulamuliro.

Chiphunzitso cha Manuelya Kastelsa

Katswiri izi, ndi wolemba mabuku makumi awiri ndi pa zana nkhani. Mavuto a moyo m'matauni zinali mfundo yaikulu ya ntchito yake yoyamba. Koma osati ndi chidwi ndi wasayansi monga Manuel Castells. ntchito zazikulu zoyenera kuphunzira mabungwe ake ndi mabungwe udindo wa Internet anthu, magulu chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe ndi chuma ndale. Komanso, amakhulupirira kuti Castells ndi chimodzi mwa Katswiri lalikulu ano okhazikika m'munda wa nzeru za anthu mudziwe. zolemba zake pa nkhani imeneyi ayesedwa pamene tingachipeze powerenga ndi. Scientist chidwi boma la munthu ndi anthu pa nkhani ya njira ya Internet lonse. Iye ankafufuza mavuto a zisinthe, omwe anali chifukwa cha luso la zopangapanga. Yoswa wake trilogy yaikulu "The Information Age:. Economy, chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe" Gawo loyamba la umatchedwa "The zikamera wa anthu network" wachiwiri - "Mphamvu Pawokha", ndi wachitatu - "The End wa Millennium". trilogy Izi zayambitsa zambiri mtsutso pa chilengedwe sayansi. Zinali wotchuka pitilizani ntchito "Way Internet".

Manuel Castells: maganizo ndi mfundo mode chitukuko

Latsopano umisiri wa makumi asanu ndi awiri ndi opangidwa kusintha lakuthwa mu dongosolo ndi zachuma a anthu. Mokwanira okhwima ofukula zitsulo bungwe ndipo m'malo Intaneti - kusintha, ndi makina horizontally zochokera. Ndi kupyolera mwa iwo tsopano anachita ndi mphamvu, ndi kugawana chuma, ndi zambiri. Pakuti Castells ndikofunika pofuna kusonyeza kuti mgwirizano wa mayiko m'munda wa bizinesi komanso chikhalidwe, ndi chitukuko cha luso nkhani - chodabwitsa modalirana ndi limodzi. Onse muzochitika za moyo, zochitika za ndale ndi mayiko akuluakulu moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu wamba anasintha, kugwera maukonde lonse. matekinoloje amaukitsidwa kuti ukhale kuposa mtengo ano anthu nzeru ndi zambiri umayenda. Theorists a positi-industrialism ndi ananenanso, koma zasonyeza yekha kufalitsidwa Manuel Castells. The zaka zambiri, tikuona pa nthawi ino, wapanga nzeru ndi kulanda ndiwo zokolola ndi mphamvu.

Monga anthu wakhala Intaneti

Manuel Castells ikufotokoza mbali zodabwitsazi. Mmodzi wa makhalidwe a m'badwo uthenga zopezera structural chitukuko cha anthu pa wina zomveka unyolo. Komanso, anthu inasintha maziko a mofulumira kudalirana ndi zotsutsana, amene yakuyipsa dziko lonse. Phata la kusinthika awa, malinga Castells, chifukwa processing mauthenga ndi mauthenga umisiri. Makamaka, ntchito yaikulu ankaimba ndi a pakachitsulo Valley ndi makampani ake kompyuta. Zotsatira ndi zotsatira za zimenezi akhala kuphimba mbali zonse zochita za anthu. Mmodzi wa iwo anali, malinga Manuel Castells, dziko maukonde. Iwo amayamba nzeru za kusintha dongosolo zachikhalidwe, ndi kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti chodabwitsa bwino kwambiri ndi luso kumasinthasintha reconfiguration. Kudalirana a zachuma, nayenso, wakhala wotero chotsatira. Ndipotu, zinthu zazikulu, monga likulu, ntchito, zipangizo, umisiri misika bungwe, monga ulamuliro, padziko lonse kudzera Intaneti yolumikiza ndi wothandizila ntchito.

Manuel Castells: "Mphamvu ya kulankhulana"

Imodzi mwa ntchito lotsiriza la Katswiri ili yaikulu ya nthawi wathu, wolembedwa mu 2009, koma posachedwapa ikumasuliridwa Russian, ndi buku la pa njira ya ndale za tsiku, TV dziko ndi Internet. Limatisonyeza mmene mphamvu ya ntchito zipangizo zamakono, ntchito Atchule poyera zinazake kapena chodabwitsa. Komanso, mmene kulankhulana pa msika ntchito, kupereka mwayi kwa zigawenga, komanso kutsogolera chakuti aliyense padziko lino si ogula, komanso gwero la nkhani. Pa nthawi yomweyo, matekinoloje kuti kukhale kovuta kulamulira kutsitsimuka. Iwo osati zinachititsa kuti chilengedwe cha "akasinja amaganiza" ntchito ndi akuluakulu uthenga "zinsomba" komanso kuti "m'munsimu" ndondomeko zosiyana, pamene mauthenga angapo anatola ndi yoweyula Intaneti, kungachititse kuti kuphulika, luso kusintha dongosolo.