Sonography. Kodi ndi chiyani chifukwa cha njira zofufuzira

Pamene dokotala akunena kuti wodwala ultrasound ndi mafunso ambiri alibe zambiri uka. Koma ngati poika ntchito zachinsinsi mawu "ultrasound", mafunso kuthira ngati nandolo. Choncho, m'pofunika kumvetsa, sonography - ndichiyani? Ndipo nthawi zina, wodwalayo wapatsidwa ntchito yofanana.

Association

Kugwirizanitsa mtima woyamba zogwirizana kugona, koma ultrasound ziribe kanthu kochita ndi izo. Ultrasound ndi sonography - maina osiyana a Momwemo. Pakuti kafukufuku lomwelo nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito dzina la sonography. Kuchokera pa ichi, tingayandikire mapeto losavuta: ultrasound, ultrasound, ultrasound - ndichiyani? ultrasound ici ulikubala ziyenera a magawo morphological ndi zinchito ziwalo ndipo zimakhala anthu.

Pa zomwe ndi njira

njira ultrasound zochokera mbali ya mafunde akupanga mwa thupi anaphonya. Mu moyo uliwonse kukhala matupi zigwirizana zimakhala za osalimba osiyana ndi kukana. Ndi ultrasound izi zimaonekera, refracted, anamwazikana kapena odzipereka. Chifukwa, kulandira chipangizo chithunzi amapezeka. Kuti kwenikweni kujambula wa ultrasound Echo chizindikiro zimaonekera pa zinthu.

Medical zida chifukwa ultrasound (sonography) amagwiritsa pafupipafupi MHz 1.5 mpaka 29. Phula pazipita kuti akhoza anazindikira ndi khutu la munthu, 20 kHz. Chithunzi chifukwa - osati mizere ya mkati limba kapena fupa Gawo x-ray, ndi sanjira nyumba mkati.

Kufotokoza mwa chidule za makina ultrasound

Kuiperekeza pamene kafukufuku ntchito zachipatala ultrasound makina. Sonography - ndichiyani? Kaya zipangizo zonse ndi zofanana? ndi zinthu iwo zigwirizana chiyani? Chinthu chabwino mu chipangizo ultrasound zida amvetse sayansi. Iwo amadziwa zotsatira piezoelectric, wodziwa zotalika, Phokoso ndi mafurikwense. Wamba mtima mokwanira kudziwa kuti chipangizo ndizo zinthu zotsatirazi:

• jenereta mafunde akupanga, i.e. zimachitika jenereta emitting ndi imodzi kulandira chizindikiro anasonyeza;
• akupanga kachipangizo-transdyusora, omwe m'nyumba ambiri transducers pezokristallicheskih mu sensa pali mandala moganizira kuti amalola kuti kuganizira mozama kufunika.

Mitundu transdyusorov (kachipangizo)

Kudulidwa koyamba amachitidwa pa zipangizo makina ndi zipangizo. Kuyang'ana makina kachipangizo imagwiridwa ndi kayendedwe ka zinthu chowala (kasinthasintha kapena posokoneza). The drawback chachikulu - zithunzi otsika kusamvana, kugwedera ndi ntchito phokoso. Modern ultrasound sonography kusiya chitsanzo chakale, ankaona kuti ntchito Baibulo amagetsi.

Pakompyuta masensa ndi zipangizo zamakono kwambiri. Zithunzi Jambulani inatulutsidwa kudzera pa kompyuta. The chithunzi momveka kwambiri ndi wathunthu. Phokoso komanso kugwedera pamene zikugwira ntchito zida kwina.

Akupanga chindodo lagawidwa ndi liniya, otukukira kunja ndi gawo mtundu. Motero, ntchito mitundu 3 masensa:

1. Liniya. Limagwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi 5-15 MHz. Zotuluka zoni chithunzi ankafufuza zithunzi mkulu kusamvana, phindu limba limafanana ndi m'lifupi sensa, koma kuya kupanga a osapitirira 11 cm. N'zovuta kupereka lonse yunifolomu kukhudzana kachipangizo kupeza mkulu khalidwe fano. Ntchito aone chithokomiro, chifuwa, sing'anga-kakulidwe mafupa ndi minofu minofu.
2. Otukukira kunja. 1,9-7,5 MHz pafupipafupi. Kuyang'ana pamwamba pa kutalika ang'onoang'ono kuposa kachipangizo mzere. Zipangitsa zolimba yunifolomu kukhudzana khungu. Akutipatsa chithunzi thunzi yopapatiza, penapake molakwika kukula, koma mozama anayendera cm 25. Izo ntchito mosamala zinthu zonse m'mimba ndi retroperitoneal, urogenital dongosolo m'mfundo zikuluzikulu (m'chiuno, mwachitsanzo).
3. Gawo. Limagwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi 1.5-5 MHz. Image zikuluzikulu weniweni. Iwo amapereka mphamvu kwa aone pa akuya kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri ntchito echocardiography.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masensa ntchito kufufuza m'mimba ziwalo, mtima, chithokomiro, chifuwa, msana ndi mafupa. Komanso, pali microsensors kwa endoscopy ndi biopsy singano.

Kupenda amayi apakati

Njira kufufuza zonse za amayi apakati imatengedwa kuti ndi kompyuta sonography. Zipangizozo akulola mosamala kwambiri ziwalo boma la mwana wosabadwayo, kuyambira kukula chetyrehsantimetrovogo. The kafukufuku ndi otetezeka kotheratu. Amathandiza ndi sabata wachinayi wa mimba mvetserani kugunda kwa mtima, kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa kuopseza padera, gestational kulongosolerana, kudziwa kuchedwa kakulidwe ndi zolakwika zina.

Patency wa Ukalawu

Kufunika kuwunika patency wa Ukalawu amapezeka akazi, amene sangathe pakati kwa nthawi yaitali. Sonography wa Ukalawu - njira ya mumayesto zifukwa zimene dzira simungathe kukumana umuna.

Choyamba, Adokotala boma la uterine M'mimbamo, onetsetsani kuti mkazi sakhala ndi mimba ndipo alibe adhesions, ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi malo. Komanso ngalande khomo lachiberekero chikuyendetsedwera saline ndi ayesedwa ntchito sonography chiberekero. Ngati mipope ndi imakhala yosadutsika, madzi chatsanulidwa ku mbali zonse za ziwalo m'mimba. Ngati madzi si wachotsedwa, ndi akamasamalira gawo la mazira chubu ndi chiberekero, ndi kuwoloka chitoliro. Ultrasound molondola kudziwa malo chipika.

Ngati wodwala amamvetsa tanthauzo la mawu akuti "ultrasound", icho chiri ndi chifukwa dokotala wanu wadzikakamiza bwinobwino kuti asaone mantha, wokonzeka kukwaniritsa zofunika kofunika dokotala ndi bwino amatanthauza ndondomeko a. Kuchokera pamenepa, izo zimatengera zinthu zambiri. Nthawi, m'malo kuona ndi chithandizo cha odwala mantha kutembenukira kwa charlatans ndi "ochiritsa", kutaya nthawi wapatali.