Christian Church mu Early Ages Middle. History of the Christian Church

Chipembedzo Ufumu wa Roma pamene Chikhristu anakhala wolamulira Constantine Ine Wamkulu (272-337). Mu 313, cholola mwalamulo m'dziko lawo ndi chipembedzo, anapereka lamulo zokwanira ufulu wa Chikhristu ndi zipembedzo zina, ndipo mu 324 kunakhala chipembedzo cha Roma ogwirizana. Mu 330 Constantine anasamukira likulu lake ku mzinda wa Byzantium, amene pomulemekeza adzakhala anadzatchedwa Constantinople.

The nthawi ya Mpingo Akhristu oyambirira

Mu 325 pa Nicaea (tsopano mzinda wa Iznik, Turkey) unachitikira woyamba matchalitchi, komwe chiphunzitso zoyambirira za Chikhristu Atengedwa, motero kuthetsa mikangano za chipembedzo cha boma. Mpingo woyambirira wachikhristu, kapena m'badwo wa atumwi, nayenso, chimatha linakhalapo Bungwe la Nicaea. tsiku Start akuti ndi zaka 30 wa AD I atumwi, pamene Chikhristu nascent ankaona mpatuko wa Chiyuda. Kuzunzidwa kwa Akristu anayamba osati kwa Amitundu, ndicho Ayuda. Woyamba kuphedwa wa Chikhristu Archdeacon Stefano anaphedwa ndi Ayuda '34.

Kupondereza Akristu ndi pothera kuntchito

Pa mpingo woyambirira wachikristu anali ndi nthawi ya kuzunzika kwa Akristu pa mbali ya onse mafumu a Roma Ufumu. Ovuta kwambiri "Diocletian mazunzo" umene unatha kwa zaka 302 311. Izi wolamulira wachiroma kanalalikira kwathunthu kuwononga chikhulupiriro nascent. Diocletian anamwalira mu 305, koma ntchito yake wamagazi anapitiriza olowa. "Great mazunzo" anali mtchatho chigamulo inakhazikitsa mu chaka cha 303.

History of the Christian Church salinso ankadziwa kuvutitsidwa - Akristu nsembe makumi, kukakamiza mabanja awo mu m'bwalomo ndi mikango. Ngakhale asayansi ena amakhulupirira chiwerengero cha anthu amene chizunzo cha Diocletian akukokomeza panopa amatchedwa chithunzi ndi chidwi - anthu 3500. M'mabvuto ndipo anamuchotsa wolungama anali zambiri. Konstantin Veliky kuthetsa manyazi ndi wafunsira maluwa mmodzi wa zipembedzo zikuluzikulu za anthu. Kupereka udindo kwa Christianity, Constantine wotetezedwa chipembedzo chitukuko mofulumira. Byzantium akukhala pakati woyamba wa Chikhristu, ndipo kenako likulu la Orthodoxy, amene, monga ena mipingo ina, wolamulira canonized Sts. woyera Catholic sanali kuwaganizira.

The Link nthawi

More pa zopereka mayi Konstantini, Mfumukazi Helena, sikumanga mipingo. Pamene Constantine inamangidwa Hagia Sophia ku Constantinople - mzinda, dzina lake polemekeza mfumu. Koma choyamba kwambiri ndipo ankaona wokongola Yerusalemu mpingo, umene Baibulo limanena. Komabe, ambiri a nyumba zachipembedzo ayambe osati waliteteza. The Christian mpingo wamkulu m'dziko, ankakhala masiku ano, ili mu mzinda wa ku France Poitiers, mudzi waukulu wa Dipatimenti ya Vienne. Iwo mobatizira Ioanna Krestitelya, chinamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma IV. Kuti, ngakhale lisanayambe mbiri ya oyambirira Ages Middle, imene ankamanga matchalitchi, akachisi ndi matchalitchi anakhala ambiri.

Olemera nthawi zakale

Akukhulupirira kuti Early Middle Ages inatenga zaka 5 kuyambira kugwa kwa Western Roma mu 476 mpaka mapeto a X atumwi. Koma asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti chiyambi cha nyengo loyamba la Ages Middle zinali zaka 313 - nthawi ya kuchotsa kuzunzidwa kwa otsatira a Chikhristu.

Nthawi yovuta kwambiri mbiri, kuphatikizapo kugwa kwa ufumu wa Roma, ndi Great Ataliatali, Byzantium chiyambi, kulimbikitsa ndi Muslim nkhondo ya Aarabu Spain, amadalira kwathunthu Chikhristu. Mpingo Early Ages Middle anali waukulu ndale, chikhalidwe, maphunziro komanso chuma mabungwe mafuko ambiri ndi anthu a ku Ulaya. masukulu onse anali kuthamanga ndi mipingo, mchitidwe umenewu ndiwo malo chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro. Komanso, kale mu obisika IV atumwi onse olemera ndi yamphamvu kwambiri. Komabe, mpingo osati anafesa wololera, chabwino, wamuyaya. Kuzunzidwa mwankhanza pansi dissent. Anawononga maguwa achikunja ndi akachisi, ampatuko anawononga thupi.

Chikhulupiliro monga linga lolimba wa boma

Christian Church kumayambiriro Ages Middle, anakumana ndi maluwa, yosapitirira mapeto a nthawi, ena pansi anataya. Kenako, nthawi yotsatira ya Ages Middle, nyamuka watsopano wa Chikhristu. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma V Ireland ndi limodzi mwa madera a Chikhristu. Wachifulanki boma, ali kwambiri kukodzedwa m'gawo lake ndi mtundu wa Clovis Merovingian, adatenga chipembedzo chatsopano. Mu V m'ma ndi wolamulira wa dera la boma Wachifulanki kale 250 mchitidwe umenewu. Mpingo wobwezera gulu lamphamvu kwambiri ndi zothandizira mipingo yawo zonse za Clovis. Christian Church mu Early Ages Middle unachita consolidating. Chikhulupiriro mpingo amasonkhana momuzungulira mpingo mkulu wa mfumu, dziko anakhala wamphamvu kwambiri komanso moti adani awo. Pa zifukwa zomwezo, chikhulupiriro chatsopano ndipo anatenga zina Europe. M'zaka za m'ma IX, anabatizidwa Lazaro. Chikhristu chinayamba kudya mphamvu, izo aloŵa mu Asia ndi kumtunda wa Nile (m'dera la Sudan amakono).

njira mwankhanza

Koma pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana - onse cholinga (Islam ayamba nyonga) ndi zotengera malingaliridwe (ulamuliro wa ana a Clovis, akuti "waulesi mafumu," kugwa kwa boma Wachifulanki) - Christianity yochepa anagonja malo awo. Aluya mwachidule wotanganidwa gawo la Iberia. anafooka kwambiri papa. Christian Church mu Early Ages Middle anali ang'onoang'ono achipembedzo mfundo. Anabadwa mu nthawi zakale, anali anathawira Chikhristu chake chinakhala kunayambira feudalism, kumutumikira mokhulupirika, zifukwa chinyengo ndi lochitira chikhalidwe "chifuniro cha Ambuye." Pofuna kusunga misa Msilamu Mpingo anadza mwamantha, makamaka kuopa moyo wina pambuyo. Analengeza atumiki insubordinate wa mdierekezi, osokonezeka, amene m'kupita kwa chilengedwe cha kusaka.

Ntchito zabwino za mpingo

Koma Mpingo wa Chikhristu mu Early Ages Middle pa luso kusalaza mikangano chikhalidwe, kusiyana ndi antagonisms. Imodzi mwa mfundo zikuluzikulu za Mpingo - pamaso pa Mulungu, onse ndi ofanana. mpingo sanatsegule kudana ndi anthu wamba, amene anali waukulu ntchito mphamvu za anthu ang'onoang'ono. Anaitanitsa chifundo kwa okanidwa ndi oponderezedwa. Izi anali akuluakulu a mpingo, ngakhale zina mwachinyengo.

Mu Early Middle Ages ndi umbuli pafupifupi anthu, pakalibe njira ina iliyonse kulankhulana, mpingo unachita udindo wa pakati aya - pano anthu kupita, apa amadziwitsa ndipo anaphunzira uthenga onse.

The imposition mwankhanza Christianity

Mbiri ya mpingo, ngati zipembedzo zina zazikulu, ndi modabwitsa wolemera. ndi katswiri onse a luso ndi mabuku mibadwo mibadwo zinalengedwa ndi thandizo la Mpingo, kwa zosowa zake ndi nkhani yake. Chotengeka ndi ulamuliro anathamangitsa ndi mayiko, zomwe zina mwa Nkhondo za Mtanda. Komabe, iwo anayamba m'zaka XI, koma nthawi kuchokera V kuti X atumwi, Chikristu kufalikira osati ndi lokopa ndi amishonale kapena pom'patsa zachuma. A udindo wofunika kwambiri ankaimba ndi zida. Mwankhanza anazunzidwa Amitundu pa penipeni, moyo wachikhristu sizachilendo, kuphatikizapo kulanda Dziko Latsopano, anali ndi akapolo ndi bayonets.

Page mu mbiri ya anthu

Nkhondo ndi zonse za mbiri yonse ya Ages Middle. Kumayambiriro Middle Ages, kapena oyambirira ang'onoang'ono nyengo - nthawi pamene Chiyambi chake anapanga feudalism monga mapangidwe chikhalidwe ndale. Pakutha X atumwi feudalisation dziko pafupifupi inatha. Ngakhale kuti n'chimodzimodzi kuti mawu akuti "feudalism" Nthawi zambiri kutumikira monga obscurantism ndi backwardness, ziri mu mpingo nthawi imeneyi, panali zinthu zabwino zimene zimachititsa kupita patsogolo kwa anthu, zomwe zinachititsa kuti zikamera wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano.