Sitima mphutsi: kufotokoza, zizindikiro ndi makhalidwe a kalasi

M'nkhani ino tikambirana mbali ya kapangidwe ka molluscs, ndipo amatchedwa "chombo mphutsi." Ayi, tilibe kulakwitsa - nyama zimenezi kulibe.

Sitima nyongolotsi: kalasi ndi mtundu wa nyama

Chinthu ndi kuti ngalawa mphutsi, amene amatchedwanso teredo, kapena kalipentala, m'kupita kwa kusanduka lasintha kwambiri. Makamaka izo nkhawa za nyama dongosolo kunja. Choncho, pa Koyamba, ndi kovuta kuti adzaone zomwe kalasi chombo mphutsi. Ndipotu, woimira subkingdoms multicellular ndi mtundu wa nkhono. A gulu akuimira sitima nyongolotsi amatchedwa "Bivalve".

kapangidwe kunja

Teredo thupi mawonekedwe cylindrical kuti kufika kutalika za wina mita. Popeza ngalawa mbozi wa gulu la bivalves, ili chibadidwe mbali structural. Kodi izo kumira? Ndi ili ku kumaso thupi ndi imakhala kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke tiwiri pafupifupi 1 cm. Ndi thandizo lawo nsombayi akufa pochita matabwa. Tsamba lirilonse aumbike mwa magawo atatu m'mbali losongoka.

Apo ayi nsombayi shipworm dongosolo lili ndi zinthu zimene zikusonyeza kuti mayunitsi izi mwadongosolo. Thupi lake flattened laterally ndi tichipeza magulu awiri; torso ndi miyendo. Popeza mamazelo mulibe mitu, ndipo iwo alibe matupi, yomwe ili pa izo. Iwo tentacles, pharynx, lilime ndi grater ndi, nsagwada ndi zopangitsa malovu. Chobvala chimakwirira gawo kumbuyo kwa thupi lawo. Apa tinaitana ndi zopangitsa kuti secrete Mbali yokhala ngati zinthu.

Pafupifupi thupi lonse m'chombo ndi nyongolotsi mu nkhuni. Padziko, kuti masamba okhaokha mapeto kumbuyo ndi awiri siphons. Kudzera mwa iwo anagwira nyama ubwenzi ndi chilengedwe. Wina chidwi chitetezo limagwirira teredo. Pamodzi ndi kupopa, pa mapeto kumbuyo kwa thupi ndi mbale olimba zimam'patsa chitin. Mu nkhani ya ngozi, nyama atamukoka siphons m'njira nkhuni. dzenje A Choncho atseka chitinous mbale.

malo

bivalves ndi moyo madzi. Angapezeke mu nyanja onse, kupatula okhawo kuzizira kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti iwo kudyetsedwa ndi kusefera. Sitima nyongolotsi umadutsa madzi kupopa ku zatsalira organic ziri momwemo. Wina gwero la mphamvu teredo ndi matabwa. iwo amachita izo chikusambira ndi chipolopolo yafupika. Choncho teredo moyo mu zipilalapo nkhuni ndi zombo, chikuni choyandama, adagwa pansi, ndi rhizomes wa zomera zam'madzi.

kapangidwe mkati

Ngati mollusks onse, nyongolotsi m'madzi ndi sekondale thupi patsekeke. Komabe, mipata pakati pa matupi ndizodzazidwa ndi lotayirira connective minofu. Mitsempha ya magazi a nyama - osati kutsekedwa. Amakhala ndi ziwiya mtima ndi magazi. Magazi mtsempha wamagazi umalowa M'mimbamo thupi. Apa izo wothira madzi, ndi umatsuka ziwalo zonse. Pa nthawi imeneyi mpweya kuwombola. magazi walowa mu mtima mwa mitsempha. Sitima mphutsi - mwankhanzaku nyama. Choncho, moyo mu madzi ozizira kwambiri, sangatero.

Borers ziwalo kupuma ndi makutu, kudzera imene zimatenga mpweya ndi madzi. Dongosolo excretory ukufanizidwa ndi impsozo. mankhwala kagayidwe kachakudya amakhala okolomantiynuyu patsekeke. Sitima nyongolotsi mantha dongosolo ali mtundu anamwazikana-mfundo.

Features a moyo

Sitima mphutsi ali kanthu zonse. miniti imodzi iwo akuchita za kayendedwe khumi pobowola. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo kukankhira lamba wa pamimba, amene adawononga nkhuni awo losongoka. Miyeso ya sitimayo nyongolotsi akutembenukira amayamba nyama yokha. Iwo akhoza kufika mpaka mamita 2 m'litali ndi awiri a masentimita 5 Ndi njira iyi ya moyo mmodzi winanso dzina lawo -. Carpenter. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti chimachititsanso izi ngale konse intersect. Asayansi amati Adamva akuyandikira phokoso la pobowola "mnansi" ndiponso kusintha njira zawo. Apa ndi kulemekeza nyama kwa wina ndi mzake!

Pakuti zovuta zimam'patsa chimbudzi cha mapadi, chomwe nkhuni, amafuna michere ena. Teredo sangathe paokha kutulutsa iwo. Kapangidwe achilendo wa kachitidwe kawo m'mimba ndi kukhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali akhungu outgrowth m'mimba, omwe nthawi zonse wambirimbiri tchipisi. Kuli mabakiteriya symbiotic. Iwo adzaphatikizana mapadi kwa shuga monosaccharide. Ntchito inanso ya symbiotic asafe fixation chili mwa madzi.

Kubereka ndi chitukuko

Sitima mphutsi - hermaphrodites. Izi zikutanthauza kuti njira imodzi makamaka kwa onse maselo mwamuna ndi mkazi nyongolosi. The mazira ndi umuna oyamba branchial M'mimbamo imene kukhala kwa masabata 3. mphutsi yawo kukhala nawo. Iwo amapita m'madzi ndipo kusambira pano wina masabata 2. Mwendo mollusk wayamba kubala wapadera mapuloteni mankhwala mu mawonekedwe a ulusi - bisus. Atatero, larva amamangiriridwa ku matabwa. Pa izi teredo nthawi ali maonekedwe ankaikira bivalve lapansi. Ambiri mwa thupi lake kubisa zipolopolo, amene mwendo mutuluka chimaonekadi. Monga nyama zimakhala ngati mphutsi ndi.

Mtengo wa chilengedwe ndi moyo wa anthu

Sitima mphutsi moyenerera udachita ulemerero zoipa. Iwo kubweretsa kwambiri kuwonongeka ndi kuwononga matabwa chimachititsanso awo. Makamaka oopsa ndi nyama zonsezi kalelo, pamene anthu sankadziwa mmene kumenyana nawo. Sitima mphutsi amatha kwathunthu kuwononga pansi kapena mbali zina za m'chombo, umtembenuzire milatho fumbi ndi zipilalapo thandizo, imfa ya zomera zam'madzi. Tsopano nkhuni, amene angakhale "wovulalayo" mphutsi chombo, yokutidwa ndi zinthu zapadera poizoni kuti ndizipange izo "inedible" kwa deta nkhono.

Choncho, chombo mphutsi, ngakhale dzina lake, ndi anthu a kalasi "Bivalve molluscs". Iwo amakhala pafupi nyanja onse, yothetsa pa zinthu nkhuni. Nyama zimenezi ndi elongated zofewa thupi ndi awiri yafupika theka chipolopolo. Ndi thandizo lawo, iwo chimachititsanso mu nkhuni, tikatero tikuwononga ndi kuchititsa mavuto aakulu.