Sensorineural kumva imfa: mlingo wa mankhwala

Zochita ano mankhwala zachilendo vuto monga sensorineural kumva imfa. Matenda, amagwirizana ndi kupata kumva imfa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, chiwerengero cha odwala ndi matenda ofanana mu zaka zaposachedwapa achuluka kwambiri. N'chifukwa chake zambiri pa zimayambitsa zilirimu ndi matenda a adzakhala zothandiza owerenga ambiri.

Kodi matenda?

Sensorineural kumva imfa - matenda amene amagwirizana ndi wamba kumva imfa, zomwe zikhoza kuwonongeka kwa khutu wamkati (chiwalo cha Corti, amene otembenuka Phokoso mu nyemba magetsi opatsirana ku mathero mitsempha) kwa mitsempha Makutu kapena pakati Makutu a mu ubongo.

Mlingo wa sensorineural kumva imfa zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kuchepa pang'ono mu kudziwa kuchimva kumva zonse. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni 400 anthu mu dziko lero akudwala matenda, ndi chiwerengero cha malipoti a matenda zikuchulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse. Nthawi zambiri, okhudzidwa ndi matendawa ali wamng'ono kapena okhwima wamphamvu anthu. Choncho kodi zifukwa chitukuko, ndipo kodi zizindikiro loyamba?

Maonekedwe ndi gulu chiwembu cha matenda

Pakali pano, pali machitidwe ambiri a gulu la matenda. Mwachitsanzo, sensorineural kumva imfa akhoza kugawidwa mu titadziwa ndi zinazake. Poyankha, pali kudwala kobadwa nako:

• sanali syndromic (matenda limodzi ndi mungomva imfa; 70-80% anapezeka mu fomu iyi);
• syndromic pamene, pamodzi ndi kumva imfa, chitukuko cha matenda ena anati (chitsanzo chabe syndrome Pender pamene kuphwanya phokoso maganizo chithokomiro kugwirizana ndi kusintha munthawi yomweyo mu ntchito ntchito).

Malinga ndi chithunzi matenda ndi mlingo wa kupitilira matenda, osangalatsa kuonetsetsa njira zitatu, akuti:

• Mwadzidzidzi (mofulumira) mawonekedwe a matenda, imene ndondomeko pathological aumbike mofulumira kwambiri - wodwalayo anafa kapena linasiiratu kumva kwa maola 12-20 pambuyo zizindikiro woyamba. Mwa njira, mankhwala yake, kawirikawiri amathandiza kubwezeretsa anthu dongosolo Makutu.
• Zimamva imfa - si kukula mofulumira. Monga ulamuliro, pali kuwonjezeka zizindikiro, amene kumatenga pafupifupi 10 masiku. Dziwani kuti odwala ambiri amayesera kunyalanyaza vutoli, kusayembekeza makutu yatsekera ndi kumva chitayiko kutopa, kudzikundikira sulfure ndi zina zotero. E., Kuchedwa Ulendo kwa dokotala. Izi kumawononga thanzi, koma nthawi yomweyo anayamba mankhwala kangapo kumawonjezera mwayi wa chithandizo bwino.
• Matenda sensorineural kumva imfa - mwina kwambiri zovuta ndi zoopsa mawonekedwe a matenda. Pa ake pang'onopang'ono ndi waulesi, nthawi zina odwala ndi moyo kwa zaka ndi matenda popanda kudziwa za kukhalapo kwake. Kumva mwina kuchepa kwa zaka mpaka nthawi monga okhazikika, akutivutitsa phokoso m'khutu sizikupanga funsani dokotala. fomu iyi ndi ziipe amenable kuti mankhwala, ndipo kawirikawiri kubwezeretsa kumva kwalephera. Nthawi zina, kudwala umenewu umatipatsa chilema.

Pali kachitidwe zina gulu. Mwachitsanzo, kumva imfa kungakhale kaya unilateral (zokhudza khutu chimodzi chokha) kapena amgwirizano, angathe kuyamba wakhanda (pamaso mwanayo amaphunzira kulankhula), ndipo wamkulu kwambiri.

Mlingo wa sensorineural kumva imfa

Today anaganiza kuonetsetsa madigiri anayi kupitilira matenda:

• Sensorineural ugonthi 1 digiri - limodzi ndi kuchepa tilinazo pakhomo kwa 26-40 DB. Man Choncho angazindikire phokoso pa mtunda wa mamita 6, ndi kunong'oneza - zosaposa mamita atatu.
• Sensorineural ugonthi 2 madigiri - mu Zikatero, wodwalayo kumva pakhomo ndi 41-55 DB, akhoza kumva pa mtunda osati mamita oposa 4. Mavuto ndi kuzindikira phokoso angayambe ngakhale mu chete chilengedwe, chete.
• Mbali yachitatu ya matenda amakhala ndi pakhomo lomveka wa 56-70 DB - munthu wabwinobwino amatha kusiyanitsa mawu patali osapitirira mita, osati malo phokoso.
• Pakhomo la maganizo a phokoso mu ndime chinayi 71-90 DB - izi ndi matenda aakulu, nthawi zina kumaliza ugonthi.

The chikuchititsa mavuto a matenda

Ndipotu, pali zinthu zambiri zimene zingatisocheretse ndi sensorineural kumva imfa angayambe. Ambiri monga:

• Matenda kawirikawiri, makamaka matenda khutu, chimfine, chimfine ndi matenda ena akhoza kutulutsa zosokonezeka;
• mtima thrombosis;
• matenda yotupa Mwachitsanzo, adenoids, labyrinthitis, kakhosi;
• otosclerosis;
• mwapang'onopang'ono atherosclerosis;
• mwakayakaya lamayimbidwe;
• zoopsa ubongo choipa;
• matenda autoimmune;
• kutupa pakati pa cerebellum ndi chitsulo chogwira matayala;
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, mu salicylates makamaka, aminoglycosides;
• kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha Makutu kapena khutu mankhwala mkati, poizoni;
• ntchito kuntchito phokoso;
• mosalekeza kumvetsera nyimbo mokweza;
• Malinga ndi maphunziro zowerengera, nthawi zambiri kuchokera matenda amakhudza anthu a m'mizinda ikuluikulu.

Sensorineural kumva kutayika ana: zimayambitsa kobadwa nako

Zimayambitsa pamwamba anafotokoza za anapeza kumva imfa. Komabe, ana ena amadwala ngati matenda pafupifupi kuyambira kubadwa. Choncho kodi zimayambitsa matendawa? Iwo ali ndithu kwambiri:

• majini (akukhulupirira kuti pafupifupi 50% ya anthu padziko lonse ali ndi majini mawonekedwe ena kumva imfa);
• aplasia nkhono kobadwa nako kapena kuvutika ena anatomical;
• intrauterine yoopsa matenda ndi chikuku HIV;
• kukhalapo kwa amayi apakati syndrome yoopsa mowa;
• phwando la mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayi;
• chisokonezo akhoza kukhala Vuto a chindoko;
• Zifukwa monga ntchito oyambirira;
• Nthawi zina imfa kumva amayamba ndi chlamydia matenda a mwanayo nthawi yobereka.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda limodzi ndi?

Monga tanenera kale, chithunzi matenda amakhala osiyanasiyana malingana pa mlingo wa Kukula kwa kumva imfa. Kawirikawiri koyamba tinnitus, n'zothekanso kupotoza zikumveka. Mwachitsanzo, odwala ena akudandaula kuti mawu onse zazindikirika ngati mu malankhulidwe bata.

Kumva imfa akufotokozera pang'onopang'ono. Anthu vuto kuyesera kuyamwa oganiza malo phokoso kapena kampani ambiri. Monga matenda ili m'kati pali mavuto ndi kulankhulana pafoni. Pamene tikuyankhulana ndi mtima anthu zambiri amayamba mosalingalira kutsatira kayendedwe ka milomo, chifukwa limathandiza kusiyanitsa phokoso. Odwala nthawi zonse kuti kachiwiri mawu. Monga matenda kukhala kutchulidwa - ngati mulibe asamalire wodwalayo, zotsatira zake zingakhale aakulu.

njira Basic matenda

Kumva imfa - vuto ndi yaikulu kwambiri, choncho ngati muli zizindikiro zilizonse mwamsanga kuchipatala. Matendawa mu nkhani iyi ndi njira zovuta, limene limayamba ndi ENT bwino. Ngati kafukufuku anali kudziwa kuti kumva imfa ziribe kanthu kochita ndi kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya khutu lakunja maphunziro ena ikuchitika, makamaka pakhomo zina audiometry, ikukonzekera foloko mayesero, impedancemetry, mpweya otoacoustic, ndi ena. Monga ulamuliro, m'kati akatswiri matenda simungathe kulingalira osati pamaso pa matenda losauka, komanso zimayambitsa.

Sensorineural kumva imfa: chithandizo

Mwakucimbidza ayenera kuti ankadzionetsera mu nkhani iyi si yoyenera. Chithunzithunzi mankhwala amasankha dokotala pambuyo pa matenda mokwanira. Choncho chochita ndi matenda "sensorineural kumva imfa"?

Chithandizo cha mitundu pachimake cha matenda akhoza mankhwala ndipo zimadalira pa zifukwa chitukuko. Mwachitsanzo, kukhalapo kwa matenda Kwalamulidwa yotupa, mavairasi oyambitsa kapena antibacterial wothandizira. Mwina zina tisonyezeni mavitamini B, komanso E. Mu pamaso pa okodzetsa amphamvu edema ntchito ndi mankhwala m'thupi.

Pamene muyenera kupeza mano otere?

Kalanga, sensorineural kumva imfa sangathe nthawi zonse kudzachiritsidwa mothandizidwa ndi njira ndiwofatsa wa mankhwala. Ndipo ngati mawonekedwe pachimake cha matenda amalabadira mankhwala, ndi aakulu kumva imfa, njira zimenezi ndi chodziwikiratu kuti kwambiri chikoka kwenikweni.

Nthawi zina, njira yokha kubwezeretsa kumva munthu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chida chothandiza kumva. Mwa njira, zitsanzo lero ndi kukula yaing'ono ndi mkulu tilinazo kuti zimawachititsa yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Ndi lero otohirurgii m'njira matenda akhoza otchedwa amadzala cochlear, amene amathandiza danga kuti lamkati khutu maelekitirodi yapadera yomwe Zimachititsa mitsempha Makutu. Njira imeneyi ntchito pokhapokha ngati imfa kumva amagwirizana ndi kusokonezeka kwa chiwalo cha Corti, koma Makutu mitsempha ndi ubongo malo ali bwino ntchito.