Post-chimakono mu kupenta. oimira postmodernism

Post-chimakono ndi chithunzi - khalidwe lomwe masiku ano luso, amene anaonekera mu zaka mazana makumi awiri ndi chotchuka kwambiri mu Europe ndi America.

postmodernism

Dzina la kalembedwe izi anamasuliridwa kuti "pambuyo modernity". Koma izo sizingakhale bwino lomwe m'zinthu postmodernism. Sizoti ndi malangizo zaluso - umboni wa kuzindikira la dziko, maganizo athu. Postmodernism - njira maganizo awo. Mbali yaikulu ya kalembedwe imeneyi - chitsutso cha Kuzindikira, ndi kukana malamulo, ndi a mitundu preprinted, komanso Izitu n'zovutitsa.

Postmodernism anatuluka monga njira kupewa modernity. The heyday ya kalembedwe imeneyi anabwera theka lachiwiri la zaka mazana makumi awiri. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu akuti "postmodernism" anagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 1917 m'nkhani kuti anatsutsa chiphunzitso cha Chitsulo Nietzsche a.

Lingaliro la postmodernism ndi:

• Izi ndi zotsatira za ndondomeko ndi neoconservative mfundo, amene yodziwika ndi eclecticism, fetishism.
• Umberto Eco (zomwe zalembedwa m'munsimu) kumatanthauza polemba chinenero ichi monga limagwirira kuti ntchito kusintha kwa nyengo imodzi chikhalidwe china.
• Postmodernism - njira rethinking m'mbuyomu, chifukwa sangathe lidzawonongedwa.
• Izi ndi wapadera nthawi imene maziko - kumvetsa wapadera wa dziko.
• Leten H. ndi S. Sulaiman ankaona kuti postmodernism sangatengedwe kukhala ndi kwathunthu luso chodabwitsa.
• Ndi nthawi imeneyo, mbali yaikulu ya zomwe ankakhulupirira kuti maganizo wamphamvu zonse.

Postmodernism zaluso

Kwa nthawi yoyamba kalembedwe awa atawonetseredwa mu mawonekedwe awiri a luso - pambuyo chimakono ndi chithunzi ndi mabuku. The akupangira loyamba kukuchititsa zimenezi anaonekera mu buku Germana Gasse "Steppenwolf". Bukuli - bolodi kwa oimira subcultures - Hippie. Mu mabuku, anthu a malangizo a "postmodernism" olemba monga Umberto Eco, Tatyana Tolstaya, Horhe Borhes, Victor Pelevin. Mmodzi wa kalembedwe wa mabuku wotchuka - ". Dzina la Rose" Mlembi wa bukuli - Umberto Eco. Mu filimu, luso filimu yoyambirira anapanga kalembedwe postmodern, anali chithunzi cha "Freaks". Movie - mantha. Nthumwi yowala kwambiri postmodernism mu filimu - Quentin Tarantino.

kalembedwe Izi sikuti amafuna kulenga malamulo aliyense konsekonse. Mtengo kokha kuno - ndi ufulu wa Mlengi ndi kupanda zofunikila pa mawu. Mfundo yaikulu ya postmodernism - "zonse amaloledwa".

Zooneka zaluso

Post-chimakono ndi chithunzi m'ma 20 ananena mfundo amafotokoza - pakati kukopera ndi original palibe kusiyana makamaka. Mfundo-postmodern ojambula zithunzi akwanitsa anasonyeza mwa zojambula wake - kulenga iwo, ndiye kumasuliranso, wodziwonetsa zimene kale analenga.

Post-chimakono ndi chithunzi anatuluka pa maziko a chimakono, amene anakana zapamwamba, onse maphunziro, koma mapeto anasamukira ku gulu la chisunzo zachikhalidwe. Painting zafika pamlingo latsopano. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, panali kubwerera kwa nthawi isanafike chimakono.

Russia

Postmodernism ndi chithunzi Russian maluwa mu zaka 90 zaka mazana makumi awiri. bwino kwambiri malangizo a luso labwino akuwonetseredwa okha ojambula ku gulu kulenga za "Anzanga":

• A. Koposa.
• Hyper-Pupper.
• M. Tkachev.
• Max-Maksyutina.
• A. Podobed.
• P. Veshchev.
• S. Nosov.
• D. Dudnik.
• Kuznetsov.
• M. Kotlin.

Gulu kulenga za "awo" - ndi chamoyo wosakwatiwa, anasonkhana kwa amisiri osiyanasiyana.

Russian postmodernism mu kujambula kwathunthu zogwirizana ndi mfundo zofunika kukuchititsa zimenezi.

Ojambula zithunzi ntchito mu mtundu wanyimbo izi

Oimira otchuka postmodernism ndi chithunzi:

• Yozef Boys.
• Ubaldo Bartolini.
• Komar.
• Francesco Clemente.
• A. Melamid.
• Nicola de A Maria.
• M. Mertz.
• Sandro Chia.
• Omar Galliani.
• Carlo Maria Mariani.
• Luigi Hontanaya.
• Mimo Paladino.

Yozef Boys

Izi wojambula German anabadwa mu 1921. Yozef Boys - nthumwi wowala wa panopa "pambuyo chimakono" zaluso. Zojambula ndi zinthu luso lomwe wojambula akufuna kuika zinthu zakale zonse za luso ano. Luso zojambula anatuluka ndi Joseph ali mwana. Kuyambira ali mwana, anaphunzira kupenta ndi nyimbo. Mobwerezabwereza anakacheza ziboliboli situdiyo Achilles Murtgata. Ngakhale kuti sukulu ndi, J. Boyce kuwerenga kwambiri mabuku pa zamoyo, zojambulajambula, mankhwala ndi zinyama. Popeza 1939, wojambula tsogolo ophatikizana maphunziro ake ku sukulu ntchito mu masewera osangalatsa kumene ankasamalira nyama. Mu 1941, pambuyo maphunziro, iye anapita mongodzipereka mu Luftwaffe. Iye woyamba anali ngati woyendetsa wailesi, anakhala kumbuyo gunner pa yoponya mabomba. Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, Joseph anayandikira kwambiri ndipo anayamba kwambiri kuganizira za ntchito ya chithunzicho. Mu 1947, J. Boyce analowa Academy of Tirhana Kenako anaphunzitsa ndi anakhala katswiri. Mu 1974, anatsegula University Free, kumene iye akanakhoza kuchita kafukufuku, aliyense kaya akhale a msinkhu ndi wopanda mayeso pakhomo. kupenta ake anali watercolor zojambula ndi pini kutsogolera ndi chithunzi cha nyama zosiyanasiyana, kuyenda pa zojambula thanthwe. Analinso ziboliboli ndi kugwira ntchito mu kalembedwe expressionism, tombstones mwambo sculpted. Yozef Boys anamwalira mu 1986 mu Düsseldorf.

Francesco Clemente

Wina odziwika padziko lonse nthumwi kalembedwe "postmodernism" zaluso - ku Italy wojambula Francesco Clemente. Iye anabadwa mu Naples mu 1952. Chionetsero woyamba wa ntchito wake unachitikira ku Roma mu 1971, pamene anali ndi zaka 19. chithunzicho anayenda kwambiri, anapita Afghanistan, mu India. Mkazi wake anali zisudzo zisudzo. Francesco Clemente anakonda India ndipo akhala kumeneko zambiri. Iye anakonda ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko lino, kuti iye anathandizana ndi miniaturists Indian ndi ambuye kwa kupanga pepala - utoto ankapenta mu gouache pa pepala m'nyumba. Kudziwika wojambula anabweretsa kupenta, imene zolaula zambiri ziwalo Ziwalo Buku ambiri wa chilengedwe chake anapangidwa kwa iwo mwa mitundu zimalimbikitsa kwambiri. Kumayambiriro 80 ntchentche wa XX atumwi, analemba mndandanda wa zojambula mafuta. Mu zaka 90 mazana makumi awiri, iwo anayamba kugwira ntchito imeneyi latsopano njira - sera Zojambula pakhoma. Ndi F. Clemente nawo ambiri zisudzo m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Wotsimikizika kwambiri za ntchito zake ndi anthu amene iye amapereka boma wake wa m'maganizo, chisoni maganizo, m'maganizo ndi changu. Mmodzi wa zisudzo wake wotsiriza chinachitika mu 2011. Francesco Clemente akukhalabe ndi ntchito ku New York, koma imabwera India.

Sandro Chia

Wina wojambula wa ku Italy amene ali postmodernism mu kupenta. chithunzi A mmodzi wa ntchito za Sandro Chia anasonyeza m'nkhani ino.

Iye sanali kokha mmisiri, iyenso likutipatsa zojambulajambula ndi zosemasema. Kudziwika anabwera kwa iye zaka 80 zaka mazana makumi awiri. Sandro Chia anabadwa mu Italy mu 1946. Ophunzira mu mzinda kwawo, Florence. Ataphunzira anapita, iye anayang'ana pa malo abwino okhala, chifukwa cha kufufuza mu 1970, ndinapita kukakhala ku Rome, ndipo mu 1980 anasamukira ku New York. Tsopano Kia S. amakhala ku Miami, ndiye mu Rome. ntchito zake anayamba kuonetsa ku Italy ndi kumayiko ena - mu 70s lapansi. Mu Sandro Chia yekha chinenero wake luso, wodzala ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa. Mu ntchito zake, wowala zimalimbikitsa mitundu. Ambiri mwa zojambula wake akamachita kanjedza mwamuna wa mtundu amunamuna. Mu 2005, Pulezidenti Italy Sandro Chia amaitcha ndi n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi chopereka wake chikhalidwe ndi luso. A nambala yaikulu zithunzi wojambula ali zochititsa chidwi ku Germany, Japan, Switzerland, Israel, Italy ndi kumayiko ena.

Mimmo Paladino

Chitaliyana wojambula-postmodernist. Anabadwa mu kum'mwera kwa dziko. Iye maphunziro College of Tirhana. Chitsitsimutso cha luso zabwino 70s, iye ankasewera otsogolera. Kwenikweni ndinkagwira ntchito ku njira ya frescoes tempera. Mu 1980, ku Venice kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti ntchito zake zinali anasonyeza pa chionetserocho, kuphatikizapo zojambula za akatswiri ena postmodern. Ena mwa iwo anali mayina monga Sandro Chia, Nicola De Maria, Francesco Clemente ndi ena. Patapita chaka chimodzi, m'nyumbayi luso Basel unapangidwa bungwe payekha chionetsero cha zojambula za Mimmo Paladino. Ndiyeno panali umunthu angapo ena mizinda Italy. Kuwonjezera kulemba zojambula, chithunzicho chinali ziboliboli.

ntchito kwake koyamba, iye losema 1980. ziboliboli ake zinatchuka pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Iwo ankazionetsa London ndi Paris m'zipinda zapamwamba zoimbaimba. Mu zaka 90 Mimmo analenga mkombero wake wa 20 ziboliboli woyera, anaphedwa pa TV losanganikirana. wojambula analandira udindo wa membala aulemu wa Royal Academy of Tirhana ku London. M. Paladino komanso ndi Mlembi wa chilengedwe cha zisudzo zisudzo ku Rome ndi Argentina. Painting mu moyo Mimmo unachita kutsogolera.