Nthaka zimango - chiphunzitso cha maziko olimba

Nthaka zimango ndi mwambo amaphunzira mtendere, mphamvu ndi mavuto Kupanikizika boma la misa nthaka. Komanso, nthaka zimango amasanthula compressibility wonse wa zigawo nthaka ndi kapangidwe-gawo lawo mapindikidwe ndi kukhudzana kukana mosinthana. Ntchito phindu la chilango chimenechi ndi ntchito zake mu kapangidwe ndi ntchito yomanga nyumba zosiyanasiyana.

Pa ntchito yomanga mafakitale, hayidiroliki ndi zomangamanga, komanso nyanja, mtsinje, nyumba, m'mizinda, msewu ndi airfield yomanga amagwiritsa deta ndiponso kufufuza zotsatira anapereka nthaka zimango. Maziko, kulinganizidwa ndi kumangidwa kutenga nkhani ya malangizo onse a amalanga sayansi, osiyana mphamvu, kudalirika ndi durability. Komanso, zinthu zofunika okonzera nthaka akuphunzira ndi kuthetsa mavuto a mapindikidwe ndi sichisinthasinthanso lapansi zomangamanga nyumba, malo otsetsereka, ndi makoma zina thandizo.

Nthaka Zimango - kofunika ongolankhula maziko a mawerengedwe olondola a zapansi ndi maziko a nyumba. kamangidwe moyenera ndi kumanga maziko kwakukulukulu zimadalira kuwunika moyenera thupi katundu ndi makina ndi makhalidwe a magulu pansi wosankha zomveka wa zapansi ndi maziko lembani makulidwe.

Kuchokera kaonedwe ka chilango chimenechi mitundu yonse ya nthaka, amene ntchito ngati maziko a maziko a ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomanga anawagawa zachilengedwe ndi yokumba. Ground magulu kungoyamba wokha wotchedwa m'munsi achilengedwe, ndi amene kale ananamizira m'njira zosiyanasiyana (silicification, carburizing, smolizatsiey, bituminization, ndi zina zotero.) - yokumba maziko.

Choyambiriracho dothi ake anawagawira motere:

• Igneous. Yopangidwa ndi ntchito nthaka ya dziko (ndi kuzirala ndi kuphulika chiphalaphala).
• Metamorphic. Anapanga chifukwa cha njira physico-mankhwala a kusintha kwa igneous kapena miyala nyanja pansi zotsatira za zinthu monga kutentha ndi anzawo.
• dothi nyanja. Kodi popangidwa ndi sedimentation.
• Amapanga. Iwo chifukwa cha ntchito mafakitale ndi zachuma.

Kapangidwe ka misa nthaka, amene amafufuza zimango za dothi, zimaonekera ndi kapangidwe ake ndi makhalidwe structural. Kapangidwe nthaka otchedwa akaphatikiza kukula makhalidwe a zanyengo constituent, mawonekedwe awo, pamwamba chilengedwe, ndipo chiŵerengero kachulukidwe zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi interconnections awo. The mitundu ikuluikulu ya nyumba nthaka chimauma nutty, platy, cloddy, wazikang'a, silty mikroagressivnaya ndi ena. Waukulu zopinga structural amaonedwa madzi colloid mtundu ndi crystallization. Ndi ku magawo izi zimadalira kusankha mtundu wa maziko ndi woyenerera wa misa dothi yomanga nyumba ya mtundu uwu.