Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa, Pereslavl mbiri, zokopa ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

expanses wowoneka Nikita msasawu Pereslavlskom m'mphepete, kukometsera woyera mwala mpanda wa agulupa wakale, womwenso pa dziko lino kwa zaka zambiri. Chapatali, izo akufanana ayezi yachifumu. zinthu zambiri adachiwona, muli mbiri. Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl) tsiku tsopano akutenga mazana a alendo amene amabwera kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko kulipira ulemu kwa kachisi wa. M'mphepete mwa nyanja Pleshcheeva, kuchoka amangokhala ali pikitipikiti am'deralo chidziko ali kumvera, ntchito, kubwezeretsa obisika imawonongeka mu nthawi lovutali.

Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa - Pereslavl. Mbiri ya maphunziro

Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa ndi obisika wakale wa dziko Russian, otchedwa polemekeza wofera wankhondo Nikita. Woyamba deti ankaona mzere XI-XII CC. Analenga ansembe yotchedwa pa kayendetsedwe ka Suzdal Prince Boris Vladimirovich, amene pambuyo pa imfa ya m'bale wake Gleb woyera choyamba mu Russia, nkhope canonized wofera wofera. Zinali muulamuliro wake kuti Nikitsky obisika ankatanthauza mawu onena kumene akunja anatembenuka chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu.

Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl) chikutchedwa kuphedwa kwambiri amene anakhalapo zaka za m'ma IV. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Christianity unafalikira ku Ulaya, Nikita - wolemera Gothic warlord, amasiya chikunja ndi kutsatira ziphunzitso za Kristu. Mu nthawi yabwino pamaso kuti anaona mnyamata maloto ndi mtanda, ndipo anauka kupeza yekha pachifuwa pa chizindikiro chosonyeza Virgin ndi Child, limene linali mikono mtanda. Anabatizidwa, Nikita anayamba kulalikira chiphunzitso cha Khristu, zimene analamulidwa kuti awotchedwe akunja. Ku malawi a moto podziteteza mafano pa chifuwa, amene anavala pansi zovala zake. Kenako anamuponya kuti chifundo cha zinyama. Usiku, thupi lake chandalama Marian, amene anamuika m'manda. Kenako, Akristu kale anaikidwa m'manda a mpingo, umene unatchedwa wofera lapansi. Zotsalira za Nikita wabweza kuchiritsa, kukhala mozizwitsa. Kenako obisika, anamanga pa malo, anakhala zikomo wotchuka kwa ofera ena. Iyenso, La Femme Nikita (Stylites). Ndipo dzina ya agulupa woyera.

The heyday ya agulupa ya Ivan m'khutu

Mu 1528 pa malo a mpingo wachikale mkulu wa Nikita Grand Prince Vasily III, anamanga woyera mwala Cathedral wa Nikitsky.

Choyambirira pachimake adakhala pakati pa ulamuliro wa mwana wake Basil - Tsar Ivan kwambiri. Iye anaganiza kuti akonze obisika monga wapadera oprichnina linga, mu nkhani yokhulupirika monga kulimbikitsa kutaya Alexander Sloboda. John mobwerezabwereza ulendo ku Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl).

Mu 1560, mfumu inalamula yomanga nyumba yatsopano a tchalitchi. Ilo linali kachisi zisanu ozungulira. nyumba Old anali tate nthawi kuchitira kum'mwera malire Nikity Stolpnika. Ivan m'khutu mwini analipo pa kudzipereka kwa tchalitchi chatsopano. Mwa Iye anapereka chandelier mkuwa, ndi mkazi wake Anastasia anam'patsa chithunzi panokha yopeta wa Nikity Stolpnika. Kachisi lili lero. Pa nthawi imeneyo obisika anali anamangapo ndi nyumba zina, koma si onse amene anapulumuka: Refectory Church, Chipata Church Arhangela Gavriila, nsanja ndi makoma, lomwe m'mbiri anamangidwanso kangapo. John anayambitsa obisika ndi kukhala aziwapatsa obisika fiefdoms.

Nawo achifumu Romanov banja

Nikitsky amonke Pereslavl mu 1609 koma anapulumuka kuzinga Zitsulo. Koma mu 1611 ndi Lithuanians, kutsogozedwa ndi Pan Sapieha, pambuyo azingidwa, amene masabata awiri, adzanyekeratu agulupa. zokometsera ambiri anaphedwa, napulumuka pambuyo kuzinga abbot Michael kwa nthawi yaitali kuyendayenda.

Kubwereranso kwa obisika anatenga gawo mwachindunji wa banja Romanov. Alexis, Mikhail Fedorovich, mabishopu, Filaret anapereka mphatso za mtengo wapatali ansembe a. Pamene Alexei Mikhailovich mu 1645 anabwezeretsedwa nsanja ndi mpanda. Pa nthawi yomweyo anamanga Annunciation Mpingo, umene ulipo mpaka pano. Mpingo uli ndi ziwiri storey refectory ndi belfry.

Mu 1702, nyumba yopemphereramo ndi inamangidwa, Chernigov, ndipo iye ankaona kuti chitsanzo otsiriza wakale zomangamanga Pereslavl.

Mu nthawi Catherine agulupa anapulumuka nthawi zambiri zowononga. Ntchito yomanga obisika anapitiriza mu zaka XVIII-XIX. 1768 - Nikolaya Chudotvortsa yopemphereramo linali lofika refectory lapansi. M'zaka za m'ma XVIII. Anamanga tchalitchi pa mzati wa St. Nikita.

Pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX. pa malo a pachipata wakale wa mpingo namanga nsanja mkulu.

Zowononga m'ma XX

Mu 1918, malo kumene kumakhala Amonke anali nationalized Nsonga. Mu 1923 obisika yokhala inathetsedwa, ndi zinthu zonse zamtengo wapatali anapulumutsa zakale Museum. ansembe onse anathamangitsidwa obisika a. The nyumba ndi akachisi panyengo zosiyanasiyana za ulamuliro wa mphamvu Soviet inali onse malo: kuno ndi kuthetsedwa chifukwa holide asayansi, anali kusukulu, ndi mayunitsi usilikali, ndipo zipinda wamoyo, ngakhale m'ndende.

Mu 1933, njira yabwino woipitsitsawu ndi iconostasis akale anatenthedwa Nikitsky Cathedral. Ambiri akale nyumba kamangidwe ka mtengo mbiri anali akanangowonongeratu zaka.

Mu 1960-70s lapansi. anaganiza kuti abwezeretse Nikitsky Cathedral. Kaya chifukwa chosasamala omangawo, kaya chifukwa cha miscalculation wa katswiri wa zomangamanga, mutu chapakati mpingo linagwa mu 1984. Mbisoweka ndi obisika zaka zakubadwa bwino.

Zomangamanga, anaima kwa zaka zambiri, nawonongeka mu zaka zingapo. Mu 1977, mpingo wa Annunciation anali pafupifupi inawonongedwa pamoto. Kwa zaka zambiri kachisi chabe anasiya, namsongole atachuluka, dilapidated nyumbayi. Akhristu oona ambiri sanathe popanda misozi kuyang'ana Nikita wa ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl). Amafuna kuti mapemphero, kukumbukira, maliro utumiki umene wokhulupirika akamavutika, tisakhalenso yopezeka kwa anthu. Only mu yotentha 90s chitsitsimutso cha obisika a.

Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa, Pereslavl. kubadwanso

Only mu 1993 pa Nikitsky obisika kunditumiza ku tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox. Kuyambira chaka chino anayamba zikuluzikulu kubwezeretsa obisika, mmodzi anganene kuti anakhala ndi moyo, anayamba kutsitsimutsa kachiwiri chimwemwe cha Akristu onse. Agulupa anayamba mokwanira achire, ntchito ikuchitika osati kunja koma mkati, kupenta lidalengedwa ndi bwino ambuye-amisiri. Analamula ntchito zonse, kazembe yemwenso - Bishop Anatoly.

Mu 1999, bwanamkubwa yoikidwiratu Archimandrite Demetrios, amene anapitiriza ntchito pa kusintha ndi chitsitsimutso cha obisika a.

Ambuye alemekezeke mozizwitsa zisungidwe obisika ndi kachisi chachikulu - zotsalira za Wamkulu Martyr Nikity Stolpnika ndi unyolo. Zikwi wogonera mu chaka abwere kwa Pereslavl. Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa amene adilesi: Nikita Pamudzi, Zaprudnaya, 20, amatenga okhulupirira onse, Tel:. (48535) 2-20-08. Iye amapereka aliyense mwayi kuti amalambira malo opatulika.

Zomangamanga. obisika akachisi

obisika The lili pa phiri. Stone atazunguliridwa ndi mpanda wokhala ndi nsanja, munakhazikitsa ndi embrasures. Mu malo kwambiri akachisi atatu: Wamkulu Martyr Nikita, St. Arhangela Gavriila, ndi refectory Mpingo wa Annunciation wa Virgin.

Obisika makoma, nsanja, ndi Nikitsky Cathedral za m'ma XVI ndi chidwi makamaka mapulani.

Chopangidwa mkati mwa mpanda wa agulupa ndi:

• makoma, nsanja (1560);
• kumene kumakhala Amonke thupi (1876);
• Lawi Chapel Nikita (1786);
• Chipata belu nsanja (1818);
• belfry (1668);
• Mpingo wa Annunciation, ndi refectory (XVII m'ma);
• Nikitsky Cathedral (1561).

Ntchito yomanga mpanda:

• Nikita yopemphereramo;
• Chernigov yopemphereramo (1702).

Ngati mwaganiza kukaona Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl), ndandanda wa misonkhano, maulendo Haji angapezeke ndi kupeza ndi kancelyria@yareparhia.ru kapena powatchula nambala ya foni tatchulazi. Ndi inu funsani novices ndi kuthandiza kuthetsa nkhani.

Nikita Stolpnik ndi ndani? Wochimwa?

Moyo Nikity Stolpnika si amatiuza za khanda ndi achinyamata. A imayamba ndi kufotokoza kugwa kwake. Okhwima munthu anatumikira ngati wokhometsa msonkho, anali oipa ndi adyera munthu. Iye anakwatira mtima, omvera mkazi. Makamaka kulemba limatsindika makhalidwe amenewa Nikita monga kukonda kwambiri chuma, nkhanza, kubwezera. Pamwamba rung anali ugodliv ndi aulemu. Choncho anakhalako zaka zambiri, ndiponso zolimbitsa kubera anthu. nkhani sitipereka kuti Nikita sanali mlendo ku kuphunzitsa, anawerenga m'buku la Masalmo, kuwerenga, anaikapo mu chithunzi mawu kulankhula kwa Lemba. Zinali mkati ndodo ya makani wake, khama, ndi kusakhutira zina ndi moyo zodyetsedwa bwino. Ndipo moyo wake anazondoketsedwa mosayembekezereka.

Kulapa. chipilala-okhala

Kamodzi Nikita anapita ku mpingo watsopano wa Chiwalitsiro, pamene iye akumva paroemias - osankhidwa nachitka kwa maulosi a Chipangano Chakale ndipo anati iwo analangizidwa. Mokweza Pogwirizana m'mutu mwanga mawu a Nikita, akuitana kuyeretsa moyo wake, kuti akhale wokoma, aphimbe machimo awo, kuphunzira mmene kubweretsa kuwala ndi chisomo cha abwenzi. Ambuye Mwiniwake ankalalikira kwa iye. Onse kugona sankabwera kwa iye. Anauza mkazi wake m'mawa kuphika chakudya cha nyama, ndinaganiza itanani wolemekezeka, kupezeka kwa "kukongola". Ine ndiyamba kuphika mkazi kenako kulira kwake chidali anadabwa Nikita. Kuthamanga kwa iye, iye anawona kuti iye anali kuwopa. Mu kukatentha m'malo msuzi otentha magazi n'kupita ku ziwalo za thupi lake. Nthawi yomweyo wochimwa anafa Nikita kutsitsimuka, anazindikira kuti Ambuye zonse iye kunjira yolunjika. Anathamangira kunja kwa mzinda.

Kwa nthawi yaitali pa mawondo ake Iye adapempha abbot kutenga izo Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl). Analamula kugwada pa zipata za agulupa pa aliyense wodutsa kupempha chikhululukiro. Ndipo ndinayambira Nikita. Ndiye ine ndinaganiza kulanga thupi, ndipo masiku atatu anaima chithaphwi, pamene anazunzidwa mpaka kutopa mtambo ake tizilombo. Napeza pano Chimonko anabweretsa ansembe ndi anatengedwa ansembe a.

Nikita anakhalabe vigil mu chipinda yopapatiza, kusala kudya okhwima, koma iye ankaona ngati pang'ono. Ndiye mtengo wa mnofu wawo anakumba yekha mzati (dzenje), kuika unyolo zachitsulo (unyolo ndi mitanda), ndi pamutu - mwala kapu. Usana ndi usiku anali mu mzati, kuti aphimbe machimo awo, napempha ochimwa ena. Zili ndi madzi basi ndi chidutswa cha mgonero mkate. mzimu wake chitakonzedwa pemphero komanso kulapa, iye sanadziwe kupweteka kwa thupi. Ambuye anavomereza kulapako wake, ndipo anamtulutsa iye mphatso ya machiritso ndi luntha.

Kuchiritsa Prince Michael wa Chernigov

Aliyense amene anabwera kwa mazana a mailosi mu Pereslavl, Nikitsky ansembe yotchedwa anapita ndi maganizo kulankhula za Nikita Stylites. Iye akamasuke kuvutika kwa anthu, anachiritsa osati moyo komanso thupi. Anakwanitsa mphekesera za iye ndi Chernigov, komwe ndi matenda ali aang'ono, Prince Michael wa Chernigov. Mnansi wake Boyar Prince anakumana mu njira zolankhulirana ndi chipilala Nikita, kulankhula wochita zozizwitsa. Kukhulupirira machiritso a Prince Michael unali waukulu kwambiri, koma izo zinali mu njira zambiri mayesero. Anafika mpanda wa agulupa ya, ndinayima. Kufika pa obisika a, Boyar Nikita opezeka Msampha ndi mwala chipewa, kupemphera usana ndi usiku, kumuuza za mavuto awo onse. Iye anamvetsera kwa ofera wake anapereka ndodo yake ndipo anauza kubwera kwa iye kalonga. Pamene Michael anatenga ndodo yake ku Boyar manja nthawi yomweyo wamphamvu. Sam ndiyenera mizati ya Nikita, adatsanulira kuyamikira kwawo, nakhala anapereka mphatso zapamwamba.

Imfa ya Great Martyr Nikita. Kupeza unyolo

Uthenga wa kuchiritsa kozizwitsa ndi mphatso ya Prince kufalitsa mwamsanga padziko lonse lapansi. Nikita achibale anathamangira kwa iye, chifukwa cha cholinga cha kupeza chuma. Long anawauzira wolungama zoipa za uchimo, okonda ndalama, koma iwo sanamvere kwa iye, koma anaumitsa mtima wake. iwo anaganiza kuti unyolo Nikita siliva, kotero iwo sparkled dzuwa.

Pakati woipa amene amabweretsa zonyansa zochita. Usiku nkhondo mobisa walowerera mu obisika, kuyamba ndi chipilala ndipo anayamba kuwononga bolodi, limene linali ndi dzenje (ndi mvula nyengo zoipa). Nikita adamva onse, anaganiza zolinga zawo, koma sanapange akukangana ndi nkhawa. Mwakachetechete anatenga kumenyedwa, imfa oyang'anira ndende, anagonja kwa chifuniro cha Mulungu. Choncho lofooka thupi la mtendere wake wathedwa ndi moyo anakwera kumwamba. Woipa amene amabweretsa komanso anamuvula maunyolo nathamangira kwa chipata. Kale mmunda, anazindikira kuti si siliva, ndi chitsulo mwachizolowezi, komanso sangadziwe anaponya unyolo mu Volga.

Popeza anapeza mtembo wa Nikita, abale adamkwata kwenda naye kachisi. Mawu a imfa yake anafalikira mofulumira, ndipo anasolola bokosi wofera anthu ambiri. anthu ambiri pa nthawiyo asanatero bokosi lake.

Wopembedza Simeon ku obisika pafupi m'mawa anapita ku banki mtsinje ndipo anaona mzati losonyeza pamwamba pa madzi, anaitana Archimandrite, nzika. Kusambira pakati pa mtsinje, anapeza kuti ngati mtengo akuyandama pamwamba pa Nikita unyolo - unyolo ndi mitanda. Analandira uthenga NIKITINSKAYA Chimonko, outfitted unyolo nthumwi natengekatengeka ansembe ake, anawaika pa manda Nikity Stolpnika.

Mazana a amwendamnjira akukopeka ansembe kuti zidzawonjezedwa kwa zotsalira za Nikita, achiritsidwe, moyo ndi thupi.