Ndi angati onyenga mowa ku Ukraine, Russia ndi United States?

Kuledzera - mliri wa anthu. Ndipo vuto si kupezeka mowa m'masitolo ndi kuti, ngati zinthu zina zonse, anapangidwa zachokera ntchito anthu anzeru, koma iwo kugulitsa zonse mu mzere, kupatula ana, ndithudi. Ena anamatetule kuti anaganiza kale kuti mowa si zoipa, komanso zothandiza, pamene ena kupikisana nawo nzeru, kukangana kuti anthu osati kutenga nthawi zambiri kutsimikizira nkhani yolembedwa ya vinyo oopsa ngati zinali zoona. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ataya moyo zimene zinachitika posachedwapa mu Ukraine ndi alibe ubale mwachindunji ku nkhondo mu Donbass, anakakamizika kulankhula pa phunziro ili zosasangalatsa.

Chiyukireniya tsoka

M'zaka khumi zapitazo wa September mu Ukraine kuchokera pachimake poyizoni mowa onyenga anthu 38 anamwalira, ndi anthu ena 39 omwe m'chipatala mu chikhalidwe kwambiri chifukwa chomwechi. Mfundozi anapereka National State Security Service ya Food and ogula Protection ( "Interfax" bungwe lofalitsidwa). September 21 yoyamba, osati oopsa, koma inatha osachiritsika khungu mtima opezeka Zhytomyr Oblast madokotala. Masiku khumi sanalole kuti madokotala mpumulo, malo poyizoni kufala waukulu gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa dzikoli (Kharkiv ndi Donetsk dera, Mykolaiv mzinda). The zinthu zoipa TV m'deralo, mwachizolowezi, akuyesera kupereka mthunzi ndale - mawu za chiyambi cha yaiwisi zipangizo kuzembetsa ndi kwambiri ku Russia, pafupifupi mwadala. Pa muyeso ena anawonetseredwa mu chiyanjo cha kokha khalidwe chikhalidwe cha chodabwitsa, amene anafotokoza ndi impoverishment a anthu Chiyukireniya, anakakamizika kumwa matope aliyense mu mtengo zowombetsa mkota. Chinthu ichi ndi choona ndi chiyani zopeka, koma palinso nkhani yophunzira.

matabwa mzimu

Tikayang'ana zizindikiro, mu zamoyo wa anthu akufa ndi odwala ali chinthu chakupha otchedwa colloquially matabwa kapena mowa methyl, akatswiri komanso ntchito pofotokoza mawu akuti "methanol". Pa mlingo wochepa, izo zimayambitsa khungu sizingasinthe, chifukwa peculiarity wa zotsatira zake pa chapakati mantha dongosolo, kotero kuti palibe chipatala ophthalmic sikungakuthandizeni - maso okha analibe kanthu kochita ndi izo, mu ubongo. Ngati magilamu 30 amadya nthawi zambiri amapha zotsatira zake. Zovulaza nkhuni mowa ngakhale pa khungu kukhudzana, ndi odzipereka kudzera pores ndi mwamsanga kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa kumverera. Yopangidwa mfundo zofunika sayansi ndi imatengedwa zoipa kwambiri.

Methanol isiyana ndi ambiri ankakonda ethyl mowa (Mowa) mu kukhalapo kwa structural magulu yekha chilinganizo CH awiri hydrocarbon. Izi zimapangitsa kuyandikana mankhwala ndi kufanana kunja - onse madzi ndi mandala fungo pafupi zofanana. Easy kuti amalakwitsa.

M'mayiko

Ngati wina ku Russia adati poyizoni ndi methanol - chodabwitsa lililonse Chiyukireniya panopa siteji mbiri, ndiye kuti ankalakwitsa. Anthu akufa kulikonse, ndipo, monga ulamuliro, lalikulu zedi. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2014, 56 nzika Czech anafa ndi kugula ndi kumwa zakumwa achinyengo. Ngakhale pa achisangalalo ku Turkey pa mpumulo wa yatchi osankhika poizoni alendo Russian Komanso, iwo amagwiritsa ntchito chinachake linaperekedwa kwa akachasu mtengo. Kuchokera "zalepuhi" akufa British, Amwenye Achimereka ndi anthu pafupifupi maiko ena onse, kaya kukula kwa lalikulu dziko mankhwala pa munthu ndi zina zizindikiro zazikulu za citukuko. Si nthawi zonse chifukwa ali ndi mtima wofuna kupulumutsa nthawi zina zosavuta mlandu umbuli kapena masoka. nkhani ina ndi kuti nzika za Ukraine monga amavutika tsopano, kukayesedwa ndi mtengo wochepa, kuposa ku Russia, dziko la Germany kapena French, mwachitsanzo.

Chifukwa kugula?

N'zoona kuti anthu anali poizoni dala sangatengedwe kukhala. wopanga Kaya malamulo kapena mobisa, iye ali ndi chidwi ndi mbiri yabwino ya mankhwala awo. Imfa ya moyo chimawononga msika lonse mowa onyenga - tsopano ambiri ofuna makasitomala amakonda kupita ku malo ogulitsira mbiri yabwino ndi ndalama zambiri, koma kupewa chiopsezo. Komabe, kukhala ndi anthu ofunitsitsa mutu, amene zikhalidwe za mitengo mkulu adzapitiriza kugula mowa wamphamvu ndi "konyaki" (yodziwika ndi chakuti madzi okhala ndi mowa ndi akuda zhzhonym shuga ndi Kuwonjezera vanillin) kwa mavenda "wokhulupirika". kusiyana ndi yofunika awiri. Ngati mtengo wa theka-litrovki ku Ukraine tsopano 70 hryvnia (asinthidwa pafupifupi 270 rubles. Russian Federation), ndi "anasiya litulukira" polutoralitrovye amagulitsidwa makontena a pulasitiki PET, ndalama zambiri, koma lita a.

umisiri

Mu USSR, vodika anali opangidwa ndi njira yatsopano, osati mofanana mu Tsarist Russia. Maziko zambiri mu zaka 20 analandidwa mfundo za hydration wa ethyl mowa, ndipo ngati inu mudya kuposa mawu osavuta, Mowa ali chabe wothira madzi oyera. mankhwala ndi kuwonjezera mchere, shuga, tsabola (malinga ndi mtundu wa chiphunzitso), ndipo onse mungathe kumwa. Inde, ndondomeko kuchita mafakitale pang'ono zovuta, kumaphatikizapo ndi kuyeretsa Mipikisano gawo Anadzaza ndi dosing ndi makina, ndipo pali zambiri zina zabwino ena, koma olima mobisa si mutu ndi zinthu ngati miniti, amangoika "badyazhat" (sitimadzipereka) anagula chuma kwinakwake yaiwisi ( mowa) zhilkoopovskoy madzi mpopi, ndiyeno anatsanulira kupyolera nyuzi-nyuzi. The chipangizo ambiri kontrafaktschikov yesetsani kupereka mankhwala maonekedwe "mwamphamvu", koma nthawi zambiri palibe. The ogula chachikulu - akumwa - amene mukudziwa awo "mfundo" ndipo iwo safuna "Chisamaliro-f-f".

ziwerengero

Chiwerengerochi ozunguza tamutchula akatswiri amphamvu zakumwa msika. Mu US, 12% mowa onse anagulitsa ndi onyenga chiyambi, umene uli kwambiri kwa dziko, amene ankaona malamulo. Koma Russia, gawo la alimi oletsedwa woimira oposa theka la mowa (55%), umene n'zotheka zija chisoni kugula "palonku" silingakhoze kokha ena mwachinsinsi "mawanga", pamene munthu amadziwa pachiopsezo, komanso magolosale kapena amagulako mu matchalitchi amene amati ndi mankhwala yovomerezeka ndithu. Kodi ndizingati anagulitsa mowa onyenga mu Ukraine Sizikudziwika, koma zikuoneka kwambiri - ichi akusonyeza nambala yaikulu poyizoni misa mu mowa wamphamvu chaka onyenga chimapha anthu 10 sauzande. Izi zili chimodzimodzi ndi chiwerengero komanso Russia, koma mawu a pa munthu mu zitatu ndi theka nthawi zambiri. Mwa njira, Achimereka apoizoni kuti imfa ndi achiŵiri ndi nthawi theka zambiri Russia.

chinthu chikhalidwe

Kuyerekezera ziwerengero chisoni m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, ndipo makamaka mphamvu ya zizindikiro zikusonyeza ndithu kudalira kuchuluka kwa mowa ankadya wonse, ulimi wa onyenga ndi imfa kwa anthu poyizoni ndalama. Ngati anthu osauka, kumwa kwambiri othawira m'dziko zongopeka ndi kusiya kwa malingaliro zakuda za m'tsogolo. Wapakati Chiyukireniya tsopano kuposa theka la ndalama ntchito pa chakudya, zonse za izo pafupifupi amakakamizidwa kupereka mautumiki zofunikira, nthawi zambiri kuwonjezeka pa olandila chomwecho. Kuganizira chochita lotsatira, anthu ambiri mphamvu ngakhalenso chilakolako. chinthu chimodzi chokha - kugula wotchipa mowa wamphamvu, "kudzikonda anapanga, koma chabwino" ndipo kuti nthawi kusintha maganizo kuti dziko wankhanza owazungulira.

Kodi kusiyanitsa?

Opanga ndi mtengo mowa amasamala za momwe kukhale kovuta kwa onyenga mankhwala ake, kukhazikitsa madigiri osiyana chitetezo monga banknotes. Chokhacho mtengo, ndi Russia ndi mwayi pa Ukrainians - latsopano la Russia ndi osachepera mtengo ritelo. Komabe, tiyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti aliyense theka-lita botolo mu Ukraine nkhani misonkho 32 hryvnia, misonkho excise ndi ntchito, kutanthauza kuti ngati ndalama zosakwana 70 USD., Chimenecho zedi yabodza.

Universal ndi njira zimatsimikizira kupewa poizoni alipo. Gulitsani "palonku" mulole "Nalivaiko" kapamwamba ndi ngakhale malo odyera mtengo.

Mu mawu a wolemba otchuka, anthu, chenjerani!