Momwe mbewuzo zimafalikira kupyolera mu mphepo. Njira zofalitsa zipatso ndi mbewu

Mbewu ndizosowa, koma zimamera bwino mmera. Mwachitsanzo, mutadula dzungu lakuthwa, titha kuona mbeu zowera kale. Komabe, makamaka iwo samera m'malo omwe amakula, koma m'malo osiyana. Ndizitani - njira yofalitsira zipatso ndi mbewu za zomera? Kodi izi zimachitika bwanji ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani? Tiyeni tipeze!

Kodi mwanayo ndi ndani?

Tisanakambirane mwatsatanetsatane njira zofalitsira zipatso ndi mbewu, mfundo izi ziyenera kuphunzitsidwa. Pambuyo pake, popanda chidziwitso cha pulayimale, zidzakhala zovuta kwa ife kumvetsetsa njira yonse ndi njira ya "ulendo" wa mbewu ndi zipatso kuzungulira dziko lapansi. Kotero, tiyeni tiyambe. Sizinsinsi kuti peyala, maula, apulo, sitiroberi, chitumbuwa ndi zipatso za zipatso ndi mitengo yomwe ili ndi mbewu. Amakhulupirira kuti amayamba kuchokera kumayambiriro a mazira ndi mbali zina za zomera, koma si onse omwe amavomereza kuti amavomereza izi.

Ena a iwo ali otsimikiza kuti zipatso zeniyeni zikhoza kutchedwa okhawo omwe amapangidwa okha pa mazira, mwachitsanzo, yamatcheri, plums, tomato, poppies, ndi zina zotero. Zipatso zomwe zimachokera ku mbali zina za maluwa ndi zomera zimatchedwa zabodza. Mwachitsanzo, strawberries nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi floret yambiri. Ndi mtundu wanji wa ma thumba losunga mauthenga omwe mungalankhule nawo! Chotsatira chake, asayansi anaganiza zoganizira chipatsocho chifukwa cha kusintha kwa maluwa onse. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngati atangoyambira "njira ya moyo" iwo akadatha kusunga zina mwa zizindikiro za duwa, kenako atatha kusasitsa amatha kutaya kapena kuwasintha mwamphamvu.

Momwemo zipatso za zomera

Kunja, chipatso chirichonse chazunguliridwa ndi chotchedwa pericarp, chomwe chimateteza mbewu ku kuwonongeka ndi kuyanika. Komanso, pericarp imagawanika kukhala yowuma komanso yowuma. Mwachitsanzo, jekeseni wa pericarp ikhoza kutchedwa thupi la mavwende otsekemera, vwende kapena pichesi. Kamodzi pericarp - astringent, yowawa, yowawa, yopanda pake. Panthawi imeneyi, imateteza chipatsocho kuti chisadye mwamsanga, ndipo mbeu yake yosapsa - yofulumira.

Mitundu ya zipatso

Pofuna kumvetsetsa momwe mbewu ndi zipatso za zomerazi ndi mitengoyo zimafalikira, m'pofunika kudziwa kuti zomera za zomera zimatulutsa zipatso zabwino:

• Mbewu zambiri (dzungu, mabulosi, apulo, makangaza);
• Monosperm (pichesi, apricot, mango, chitumbuwa, mbalame yamatcheri, prunes).

Momwemo kuchokera mu dzina la mwana wamwamuna, muli mwala umodzi mu mbeu imodzi. Amatchedwanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Komabe, apa pali zosiyana: mwachitsanzo, mabulosi a mabulosi akuda ndi amitundu, koma ndi chipatso chimodzi.

Njira zofalitsira zipatso ndi mbewu zimadalira kwambiri kukula, kulemera kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake. Monga tanena kale, zipatsozo ndi zowutsa mudyo komanso zowuma. Zouma, ndizo, zimagawidwa kuti zitsegulidwe osati kutseguka. Mwachitsanzo, pericarp ya nyemba, nyemba, komanso capsule ya poppy imatsegulidwa (kutuluka) pambuyo pake. Koma, mwachitsanzo, pericarp ya hazel ndi yovuta komanso yolimba. Iye mwini wopanda chifukwa m'dziko lapansi sadzatsegulidwa. Ali ndi mbewu imodzi, yomwe timadziwa bwino: nati.

Mtundu wina wa fetus ndi capsule. Kawirikawiri zimakhala ndi zisa 3 mpaka 5 ndi mbewu. Mbeu izi zikakula, "nyumba" yawo imayamba kuphulika. Mwachitsanzo, bokosi la St. John's wort kapena fodya amapereka ming'alu pamagawo awo, kenako amatha kukhala mbali zosiyana. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, makoma okha amatsekedwa mu "nyumba" za maluwa, hyacinths, tulips ndi thonje. Bokosi lodziwika kwambiri ndi pod, lomwe nthawi ya kusasitsa ndi kuwonongeka kumagawanika kukhala masamba awiri.

Zipatso zimatengedwa ngati mabulosi

Inde. Ili ndi mtundu wa zipatso zomwe zili ndi mbeu zambiri, koma alibe mbewu. Ngati mabulosi akutsekemera, amawoneka wambiri ndi minofu pericarp (mphesa, strawberries, cranberries, cranberries, blueberries). Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kuchokera ku botanists, chitumbuwa si mabulosi, ndipo tomato ndi! Pano mukhoza kuwonjezera zipatso za citrus, zomwe ndi zipatso:

• Zida;
• Malalanje;
• Lemoni;
• Malalanje;
• Zipatso zam'mphesa.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti zisa ndi mbeu zomwe zili mkati mwa zipatso zatchulidwa kale zimadzaza ndi madzi onunkhira osakaniza. Zipatso zingatchedwe zipatso za banja la dzungu :

• Mavwende;
• Mavwende;
• Nkhaka.

Munthu wamba mumsewu ndimodziwa, koma akatswiri a zojambulajambula akhala akuzoloŵera lingaliro lakuti mavwende ndi ma nkhaka si zipatso zokha, komanso achibale.

Momwe mbewu imawonekera kuchokera mkati

Kufalikira kwa zipatso ndi mbewu (kalasi 2, kudziŵika bwino ndi maphunziro a biology ya ophunzira ndi zina kapena njira zina za "kuyendayenda" mbewu ndi zipatso za zomera zosiyanasiyana) sizingatheke popanda kutenga nawo mbali anthu, zinyama, komanso, madzi ndi mphepo. Koma kuti mudziwe momwe mbewu yaying'ono ingayendere "kuzungulira" kuzungulira dziko lapansi, m'pofunika kuti mudziwe mwachidule momwe zimakhalira. Choncho, mbewu iliyonse ili ndi peel. Pambewu yosalala, mphuno imawoneka, yomwe imakhala pamalo omwe imasiyanitsa ndi mbeu.

Ngati muyang'anitsitsa, ndiye pambali pa chilonda chotere mungathe kuona phokoso laling'ono, lomwe limatchedwa chilengedwe cha sayansi. Pakati penipeni pali nsonga ya muzu. Ndiko kumera kwa mbeu yomwe yoyamba ikuwonekera panja. Nkhumba yaikulu imateteza mbewu ku zowonongeka zosiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi yomweyo imalola kudutsa popanda kusokoneza kumera kwa nyongolotsi - gawo lalikulu la mbewu zonse. Amapangika kokha pambuyo pa umuna wa dzira ndipo amakhala ndi tsinde, mizu ndi impso.

Kodi mbewu zimabzalidwa bwanji m'chilengedwe?

Chabwino, apa tikubwera ku chinthu chachikulu. Monga tanenera kale, mbeu sizinameretse zomera zatsopano, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakula osati kumene zimamera. Nchifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Ndi zophweka: "amayenda" kumalo atsopano kupyolera mwa anthu, nyama ndi amayi Nature. Ngati mikhalidwe ya moyo watsopano idzakhala yoyenera, mbewu izi zidzayamba kumera, ndipo ngati ayi, zidzamwalira.

1. Njira yabwino kwambiri yowafalitsira ndiyo kuyendetsa mungu wa zomera, kudzera mwa mitundu yatsopano ya zomera. Izi ndizochepa zomwe zimapatsa moyo zomera zatsopano. Zoonadi, njira yofalitsira zipatso ndi mbewu za zomera sizongolingalira ku pollination yokha.
2. Zosasangalatsa kwa munthu pa kulawa kapena zipatso zonse zamphawi ndi mbewu zimakonda chakudya chokongola cha mbalame. Pankhaniyi, mbewu zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri sizingathe kumera m'mimba mwawo. Chifukwa chake, iwo, pamodzi ndi ndowe ya mbalame (guano), amatengedwera ulendo wautali kuchokera kumalo a "kubadwa" kwake koyambirira. Koma gawo ili la mbalame pakufalitsa moyo watsopano wa zomera silimangokhala!
3. Mbalame zambiri, pokonzekera zokhazokha m'nyengo yozizira, kukoka mbewu ndi zipatso za zomera zosiyanasiyana m'chisa. Zina mwa izo zimangotayika pamene ndege ikuuluka, ikugwera m'malo atsopano. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame za jay zimakhala ndi acorns, zina zomwe zimatayika ndi kumera ndi nthawi.
4. Wothandizira wina kumera kwa mbewu ndi zipatso ndi nyerere. Zamoyo zazing'onozi, koma zothandiza m'zinthu zam'mlengalenga zimapanga zitsamba za zomera zosiyanasiyana, makamaka olemera mu mafuta ofunikira (cornflower, celandine, medinitsa, kislitsa, violet). Monga mbalame, nyerere zimataya gawo la mkango wa mbeu zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa panjira. Mwachidziwikire, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tizilombo timene timapezeka ndi zitsamba.

Kodi zipatso ndi mbewu zamasamba zimakhala bwanji "kuyenda"?

Iwo makamaka amafalikira ndi mphepo. Mbewu zowonongeka pano zikufalikira bwino kwambiri kusiyana ndi zipatso zowonedwa kale. Koma zambiri za izi mtsogolo. Monga momwe tikudziwira, m'chilengedwe kumeneko palinso zipatso zotchedwa "zamoyo," zomwe zimamatira ubweya wa nyama, mwamsanga zimatha, komanso kumamatira zovala za munthu. Mwachitsanzo, izi ndi zipatso za burdock, chingwe, chisoso ndi burdock.

Kunena za asayansi, ophikira zomera amanena makamaka pisonia - shrub kapena mtengo ukukula pazilumba za Pacific Ocean. Chipatso cha chomera chosachiritsikachi chimatsekedwa mu chikho chapadera, chokhala ndi mizere ya tsitsi lotoka. Amalola kuti zipatso za pisonia zizigwirizana mosavuta ndi nyama kapena chinthu chilichonse. Kawirikawiri m'chilengedwe, mukhoza kuona zinyama ndi mbalame zazing'ono, zophimbidwa ndi zipatso zotere. Mwamwayi, pakadali pano, nyama sizikhoza kuyenda ndi kufa.

«Kuyenda» ndi mpweya

Inu mukudziwa kuti zipatso ndi mbewu zimatha kufalikira mothandizidwa ndi mphepo, mwachitsanzo, Ndi mpweya? Mwachitsanzo, izi zimachitika kumapiri okwera kwambiri, mumapiri ndi zipululu, kumene mphepo yamphamvu ikuyenda nthawi zonse. Pachifukwa ichi, mbewu zimangowambaza mosiyana komanso kutalika. Mbeu yabwino, yokhala ndi phokoso laling'ono (belu, hops, heather, broomrape, eucalyptus).

Mbeu yamapiko ndi zipatso

Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kupeza momwe mbewuzo zimafalikira ndi chithandizo cha mphepo, okhala ndi zotchedwa mapiko. Iwo anawonekera mu zomera zimenezo zomwe zimakula pokhapokha m'madera otseguka. "Mapiko" amenewa ndi tsitsi lapadera, lomwe linaphimba mbewu (mwachitsanzo, anemone). M'mapikola ndi mitsempha, mbewu zambiri zimapangidwa ndi tufts zomwe zimakhala ndi tsitsi labwino kwambiri.

Mu hazel, hornbeam, alder ndi birch, zipatso ndi mtedza wamphongo ndi mapiko. Mapiko ena ali ndi zipatso za mitengo ya mthunzi, mitengo ya phulusa ndi mapulo. Mwachidziwikire, ndiye chifukwa chake amayendayenda pamene agwa. Kufalikira kudzera mwa mphepo mbewu ndi zipatso sedge bloated, puzyrnika, astragalov. Ndizowona kuti mu zomera izi amapita ku balloons, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi mthunzi wa mpweya wowaphimba.

Malo osungira

Mwinamwake aliyense kamodzi kamodzi anamva za chomera chodabwitsa choterocho. Dzina la sayansi la iye ndikulumpha panicle. M'dzinja imakhala ndi malo othawa kwathunthu. Zosungunuka ndi zouma za zomera izi ndi zipatso zakubala zimafalikira ndi mphepo. Mbewu ya Kachima paniculate imabisika mu makapisozi, omwe mano ake ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mbeu izigwera pokhapokha ngati mphepo yamkuntho imakhala yolimba, yomwe imawafikitsa kutali.

"Ulendo" pamadzi

Si nthawi zonse zipatso ndi mbewu za zomera zimafalikira ndi mphepo. Mbewu nthawi zambiri "amayenda" pamitsinje ndi mitsinje, zimatengedwa ndi mafunde a nyanja ndi mitsinje yamvula. Mwachitsanzo, kokonati ikhoza kuyendayenda m'nyanja kwa zaka zambiri popanda kumera. Kawirikawiri, malo ambiri okhala ndi kanjedza ndi zitsamba zomwe zimamera, komanso nyama zomwe zimakhala mmenemo, zimatha kuchoka kumbali. Zilumba zoterezi zimayamba kusambira ndi kutuluka, kufalitsa mbewu za mitengo yawo mtunda wa makilomita zikwi kutali.