M'madziwo desalination chomera: opareshoni

Ife tonse tikudziwa kuti munthu-magawo awiri tichipeza madzi. Ndipo ngati palibe chakudya m'thupi mwathu kupulumuka kwa mwezi umodzi, ndiye wopanda madzi, chabwino, mlungu umodzi wokha (nthawi zina zochepa). Munthu afunika tsiku lililonse kudya zokwanira madzi kupewa matenda. M'madziwo desalination zomera ndi limagwirira ntchito yake - kuposa mutu leni.

mafakitale kuyeretsa

Kukula yogwira anthu mwachindunji anakhudzidwa ndi chiwerengero cha magwero a madzi pa dziko. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, panali kusaona asanauzidwe anthu kufufuza njira zosiyanasiyana popanga madzi akumwa "dzanja". Yankho anali luso desalinate mchere madzi nyanja si abwino.

Gwero kwa desalination madzi anakhala nyanja. Nyanja ayeretsedwa ndi madzi masitepe achuluka, chifukwa cha zomwe madzi anamasulidwa ndalama owonjezera salt osiyana. Zimakwaniritsidwa kuthandiza ntchito zipangizo zapadera.

Ntchito desalination wa madzi nyanja angathe kubweretsa ku boma la kumwa. Desalination zichitike padziko lonse mafakitale m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ambiri mwa njira zimenezi n'zochokera ntchito chonse makhazikitsidwe mphamvu kwambiri. Awa apadera Zosefera ndi distillers. Taganizirani mitundu ikuluikulu ya desalination m'mavoliyumu lalikulu.

njira kukonza mpaka

Mu dziko lathu, ife anayamba njira zingapo zimene amakulolani kutembenuza madzi nyanja mu otaya lapansi. Mmodzi wa iwo - kugwiritsa ntchito reagents mankhwala. Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo ntchito Nyimbo wapadera mankhwala kwa desalination zakumwa. Pokhudzana ndi madzi mchere pali anachita, zomwe zinachititsa insoluble mankhwala mawonekedwe mankhwala.

Nditamaliza anachita akhala yekha kuchotsa precipitate chifukwa ndi kusefera. Njira imeneyi si ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo kawirikawiri izo ntchito makampani desalination.

Njira imeneyi ali ndi kuipa mokwanira kwambiri. Choyamba, chifukwa kukhazikitsa desalinization tikusowa yambiri ya mankhwala, ndipo kachiwiri, ndondomeko amatenga nthawi yaitali ndipo chachitatu, si wotchipa.

n'zosiyana osmosis njira

njira imeneyi yaitali anasonyeza otchuka masiku ano ankagwiritsa ntchito mu makampani. Iye amagwiritsa ntchito yapadera kuyeretsa nembanemba lapansi. Amachita zinthu theka-permeable. Mwachitsanzo, polyamide, kapena mapadi.

Madzi ndi mchere owonjezera ali anadutsa Kakhungu opanikizika ena. Choncho, particles madzimadzi kudutsa ndi gululi tosaoneka amene pamwamba ndi waikamo particles zikuluzikulu zosafunika zosiyanasiyana. Ndiyamika njira imeneyi, mukalandire ndithu wambirimbiri madzi desalinated.

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito ya desalination wa madzi nyanja

M'madziwo desalination mbewu - chipangizo kuti amalola kuchotsa madzi kusungunuka mchere. Pambuyo Ndime ya ndondomeko otere analandira madzi oyera. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito osati mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso madzi abwino akumwa.

Kapangidwe chipangizo mu yabwino yothandiza kuti ntchito. Koma atsopano sizikutanthauza woyera. Ndipotu izo mwanjira ina, zigawo zikuluzikulu osiyana zimasungika. ntchito zawo zimatengera mwachindunji osalimba a madzi chifukwa. Mwachitsanzo, ziwiya m'madzi amafuna osiyanasiyana madzi:

• kumwa - okha pophika ndi wakumwa;
• madzi ukhondo ndi kusamba sitimayo;
• madzi magudumu nthunzi, mwinamwake iwo akutchedwa michere;
• madzi zolinga luso (ntchito ngati madzi yozizira kwa injini);
• madzi otchezedwa.

Pakuti onse a mitundu ntchito zosiyanasiyana desalination m'madzi a madzi nyanja.
njira yonse m'magulu awiri:

1. Distillation - desalination Mmera wonse, umene ukugwira ntchito pa mfundo za heats distillation ndi vaporizes m'madziwo. Kenaka malasha "kukwatulidwa" ndipo anabweretsa kutentha ankafuna.
2. Kusefera - chigamulocho osmosis mfundo. Salt madzi desalted popanda kusintha kwa boma wina ndi mzake.

ntchito mogwirizana ndi "mayikidwe" zosafunika kusungunuka. Kwambiri mavuto mkulu amalola onse "Finyani" ndi zosafunika particles salt.

chidwi Ndipotu

padziko lonse lapansi desalination wa madzi nyanja ali Hadera (Israeli). Ndi sikelo yake, gulu ili pafupi amatikumbutsa chomera lonse. Chaka chilichonse desalinates za makumi atatu biliyoni atatu malita a madzi a m'nyanja.

Limafotokoza kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za buku okwana zofuna za dziko. Monga tikudziwa, Israel ndi nkhani ya kupanda kumwa madzi. desalination Izi ntchito madzi nyanja, monga ambiri a desalination ndi osmosis n'zosiyana, amene ali mchikakamizo cha madzi Mediterranean Sea si pansi kutenthetsa mankhwala.

Dzuwa desalination wa madzi nyanja

Posachedwapa, masitolo adzakhala ndi distillers wapadera, zimavuta ndi dzuwa mphamvu. Mkati chipangizo ladzala ndi madzi nyanja, kuwapeza dzuwa ndi n'kukhala nthunzi n'kuundana pa makoma a thupi ndi zikukhazikitsa pansi pa wolandila lapansi.

Kamangidwe kwathunthu chosindikizidwa, mukhoza kulenga zotsatira kutentha ndiponso kupewa utsi kuchokera kunja desalter. Choncho, chifukwa, madzi oyera ndi anapitiriza yaitali. Kumapeto kwa ndondomekoyi, chabe unscrew pulagi ndi kukhetsa madzi ankachitira mu cholandirira a.

Zingalowe desalination wa madzi nyanja

Mtundu wa zotchezera ntchito apanyanja. Iye yagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa madzi kuti akamazizira chachikulu ndi wothandiza injini dizilo. madzi oyera usavutike digiri za makumi asanu Celsius umaperekedwa mwa polowera chitoliro Kutentha batire. Pa kutentha kubwereketsa madzi amachepetsa pafupifupi makumi asanu madigiri Celsius.

Zingalowe m'malo distiller limalola ola kuti pafupi eyiti malita a madzi otchezedwa. Mtundu distiller imachititsa pafupifupi onse zosowa madzi popanda mtengo uliwonse owonjezera mafuta ndi kukonza mphamvu. chipangizo ndi makina kwathunthu. Popeza evaporation kutentha ndi otsika zokwanira, vodoopresnitel ungatithandizire popanda mankhwala kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi khumi.

Kusunga

Kukonza chipangizo ayenera kuchitidwa mlungu uliwonse, mwezi uliwonse kapena kamodzi kotala.

Kamodzi pa sabata, anayendera kunja chipangizo chofunika. Ndi ofunika onani machitidwe olondola a zisindikizo mpope ndi mavavu kawirikawiri ntchito. Kuthetsa gapping ndi mitundu yonse ya kutayikira mu malo. Kamodzi pa mwezi, pa Jambulani mlungu uliwonse kuyeretsa mauna fyuluta m'madziwo kumafunika kuti tigwire, komanso mafuta mayendedwe mpope. Kamodzi kotala, Nditafufuza mita ikuchitika m'malo a kuyenda pa mipope ndi mapampu brine. Ayeretsa m'maenje kutsitsi annular evaporator machubu m'malo ndi packings mu mapampu lapansi.

kukonza

The kukonza ndondomeko ndi kuchita kuyeretsa ndi chotenthetsera madzi amchere evaporator-condenser ndi crimping wotsatira ndi podvaltsovkoy zosalongosoka machubu.

Iwo ayenera kukhala omasuka madzimadzi chotenthetsera bwino Zosefera ya mipope okha ndi zinyalala zosiyanasiyana kwa chubu anapanga mukhale chopondapo. Komanso disassemble mita cholinga cha kuyeretsedwa ku dothi ndi dzimbiri. Ngati mayendedwe mpope ndi olema, iwo ayenera m'malo. kuyeretsedwa Komanso tikulimbikitsidwa kuti padziko nyumba mu kukhudzana ndi madzi a m'nyanja.

Desalination wa m'madziwo kwa ma yatchi

Pamaso pa nyanja dongosolo madzi desalination pa bolodi bwato laling'ono - ndi omasuka ndiponso ndi zotetezedwa. Dzanja desalination wa madzi nyanja angapulumutse bajeti chifukwa cha kusowa kufunika kubwezeretsa madzi akumwa.

Pafupifupi ola limodzi ndi desalination mbewu lakonzedwa kuti zombo zazing'ono, njira mazana malita a madzi mchere, lisanduke madzi oyera kumwa.

Ena zitsanzo ndi desalination yatchi mphamvu ya kutali ntchito, zomwe kwambiri facilitates kulamulira kwa ndondomekoyi. mayunitsi ali oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pa boti ndi galimoto-ma yatchi. Mbali desalination chombo, mwachindunji pokhudzana ndi madzi nyanja, opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zina kuposa dzimbiri akulimbana. kamangidwe kunja nthawi zambiri zopangidwa zosapanga dzimbiri.

Zam'manja chipangizo cha kuyeretsedwa madzi

Posachedwapa, antchito kafukufuku analengeza latsopano chipangizo pachiyambi, cholinga mwachindunji kulekana kwa madzi nyanja kumwa ndi mchere. Mkango gawo desalination ukugwira pansi osmosis n'zosiyana kudya ndithu kwambiri magetsi. The kuipa kwa njira Mwina mulinso desalination inefficiency ndi mabuku ang'ono.

The watsopano Kutulukira - kunyamulika desalination wa madzi nyanja zochokera kugawanika luso ion ndende. Nanosized njira wodzazidwa ndi madzi, chikugwirizana ndi magetsi, amene amalenga minda magetsi. Chifukwa madzi awa anapatukana mu mitundu iwiri yomweyi. Mu mmodzi wa iwo adzagwa ayoni mchere, ndipo mu otaya zina ndi oyera madzi.

NdiAmene akonza amabweretsa m'maganizo chipangizo latsopano kuti adzakhala zoyendetsedwa mabatire mphamvu zamchere. Anakonza mlingo desalination - khumi malita pa ola limodzi. Kutulukira akulonjeza kuti abweretse kwa misa kubwera zaka ziwiri.

Kodi kupanga desalination wa madzi nyanja ndi manja ake?

Madzi angathe kukhala woyera, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo mafakitale. Kupanga desalinator Buku sadzakhala kovuta. Kuchita izi, inu muyenera mphika ndi zolimba-koyenera chivindikiro.

Njira imeneyi imagwira wa desalination wa madzi zochokera onse chodabwitsa amadziwika thupi - condensation. Thirani mu m'madziwo poto, kutseka chivindikiro ndi chithupsa. Atsekerezedwa pansi ndime kapu - wangwiro condensate. zosafunika onse madzi ndi katundu, kotero iwo zakhazikika pansi mphika, ndi particles wa H ₂ O ali Zachepetsedwa mu nthunzi a.

Njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuti desalinate madzi ndi zambiri imfa madzi. Choncho, kapangidwe ayenera kukhala pang'ono bwino. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kuchita mu chivindikiro cha poto dzenje yaing'ono, amaika chubu kusintha (chitoliro), kuphimba chivindikiro poto. Mbali ina ya payipi mfundo ina poto (mphamvu iliyonse) ndi kuonetsetsa chivundikiro pamwamba ndi chopukutira akhathamiritsa. Izi zingathandize banja kukhalabe mkangano.

Ikani madzi nyanja pa moto ndi chithupsa. Ife tikuyembekezera kwa nthawi yaitali mpaka madzi onse "adzapita ku" saucepan wina. Izi adzakhala desalinated kumwa madzi. salt zonse, komanso zosafunika zosiyanasiyana kukhalabe mphika chomwecho. Apa ndi losavuta, zopangidwa ndi manja ake m'madziwo desalination mbewu adzatulutsa madzi akumwa.

Njira ina desalinate madzi mchere - izo basi amaundana. Popeza kuti mpaka madzi kuundana kwa madzi nyanja ndi watsopano yosiyaniranapo. Pakuti kuzizira kutentha kwa mchere chofunika n'chozama kupitirira kwa yozizira koopsa atsopano. M'kupita kupeza ayezi ndi desalinated madzi, amene angakhale oyenera kumwa.

M'madziwo desalination mbewu - kanthu, ndithudi, zofunika, koma kwa sikelo mafakitale. Nyumba angathe kutembenuza madzi nyanja m'madzi akumwa mothandizidwa ndi njira yosavuta, ndi amene tinakumana lero. Kotero tsopano inu simungakhoze nkhawa kuti mu kusowa pangozi ya madzi angathe kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu.