Mfundo Monetary

Malo ofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa anthu amatenga mfundo ndalama. M'mayiko bwino anayamba, amaona ngati kugawa mofulumira Kuwonjezera mfundo zachuma monga chida kuti "chabwino-konza" malo a zachuma.

Mu ndondomeko umenewu ndi mbali zake zoipa, zomwe ndi kupereka chabe kukopa mozungulira pa gombe malonda, cholinga ndi kulamulira mphamvu ya okwanira ndalama. Choncho, kuti kuwatsogolera kukuza kapena kuchepetsa ngongole sangathe.

kuthandiza chuma kukwaniritsa mlingo wonse wa ulimi, umene amakhala ndi pakalibe kufufuma ndi ntchito zonse ndi chimodzi mwa zolinga zikuluzikulu za mfundo ndalama.

Monetary mfundo ya boma ndi ya mulinso lamulo chuma ngongole ndi ndalama kufalitsidwa, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuonetsetsa kukula zachuma kudzera kukhudzana ndi ntchito ndalama, mphamvu ndi mlingo wa kufufuma ndi njira zina zazikulu za citukuko n'kofunika kwambiri.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mfundo imeneyi chagona kuthandiza chuma kukwaniritsa mlingo wa ulimi, umene uli pafupi ndi ntchito zonse ndi mitengo khola.

Monetary malamulo a boma ndi kuzera Bank ku Central Komabe, mfundo ngati kumatanthauza ndi boma.

Zida kuti ntchito zambiri mwa mfundo ndalama ndi zoyezera utsogoleri kukhazikitsa fomu kuvomerezedwa redundancy, lamulo la boma chiwongola dzanja.

Osachepera nkhokwe pa mphindi ali gawo la chuma banki, onse a iwo mabanki amalonda mtundu azisunga pa nkhani Bank Central.

The awiri ntchito yaikulu zimagwiridwa ndi malo osachepera. Choyamba, iwo amachita makonzedwe a ngongole mabanki malonda 'ndi madipoziti kasitomala (monga nkhokwe madzi). Osachepera nkhokwe, kachiwiri, ndi zipangizo kuti ntchito ndi Bank ku Central zonse ndalama za dziko okwanira.

Mu Russian Federation sheya boma msika anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe mu 1993. Mu kugwa kwa nainte-eyiti, anadziŵa kumangidwa m'banja ngongole, mgwirizano boma, udindo boma yochepa.

Malinga ndi iye chidwi lolipiridwa ku bajeti feduro, koma kuti kulipira ngongole nsinga amene kale anamasulidwa, ayenera kutsanzira tranches latsopano.

Malamulo a ndalama ya boma mwamphamvu kugwirizana ndi mfundo yachilendo zachuma ndi zachuma.

Iwo ayenera kuganizira ubale wa zazikulu za citukuko zinthu zazikulu - voliyumu ya linanena bungwe, kufunika akaphatikiza, chiwongola dzanja, ndalama okwanira. Ndi zoyembezereka kasitomala (anthu) ndi ndalama, yonena za si anthu ndi anthu a zochita boma. The mkati ngongole malamulo a boma kudzadalira pa outflow ndi inflow wa ndalama zakunja mu dziko.

Mmene palokha banki chapakati monga nthambi za boma, ndiyo dzuwa la malamulo, komanso luso ndi luso la kasamalidwe ake.

Chikhazikitso cha mfundo ndalama za boma ndi unazunguliridwa mu "mtengo" ndi "aulere" ndalama. Lamulo la ndalama "mtengo" zachokera chakuti pempholo okha Yikani, mwachitsanzo yafupika kupezeka ngongole ndi ponso ndalama zake kuchepetsa ndalama ndiponso ali ndi mavuto inflationary.

Onetsetsani nkhokwe zofunika mabanki malonda, mwachitsanzo luso kupereka ngongole, kodi malamulo a ndalama "wotchipa", koma sangapereke chitsimikizo kuti mabanki atha malo ngongole ndi kuonjezera yobweretsa ndalama.

Ngati pali vuto lomwe zochita ndondomeko adzakhala sizithandiza. zodabwitsazi amatchedwa cyclical asymmetry.