M'chiuno olowa: wosweka ndi zotsatira zake. ncafu m'malo, konzanso pambuyo opaleshoni

Si onse kulingalira chomwe m'chiuno olowa. Zinthu zinasintha wa gawo ili la mafupa amachititsa mavuto ambiri. Ndipotu anthu nthawi zina amakhala kuyenda. Nthawi zambiri, minofu kukhulupirika kuphwanya akupezeka khosi femoral, limene lili pansipa mutu ili mu M'mimbamo a m'chiuno olowa komanso mezhvertilnom gawo - chapamwamba gawo lakunja la femur lapansi. Pamene wovulala izi mukakhale angwiro kapena tsankho.

Gawo

Ncafu wovulala zimagawidwa motere:

1. Kuphwanya umphumphu wa khosi femoral.
2. Wovulala pa ntchafu chapamwamba.

Pankhaniyi, kuphwanya umphumphu wa minofu ya khosi femoral anawagawa m'magulu. Izi zidalira pa mizere wovulala:

1. Major fupa wovulala - ndi choipa mutu.
2. Subkopitalny. Mu nkhani iyi, fupa lothyoka mzere akudutsa mwachindunji pansi pa mutu wa m'chiuno fupa.
3. Transcervical kapena chrezsheechny - choipa mu khosi femoral.
4. Bazistservikalny wovulala - mzera choipa kudutsa m'munsi mwa khosi m'dera la kugwirizana kwake kwa thupi fupa.

Gulu la fractures yosavuta pawiri

Palinso fractures wosavuta. Njirazi ndi monga:

1. kumbuyo khoma wovulala.
2. Wovulala ndime kumbuyo.
3. Kuswa umphumphu wa pakhoma kutsogolo.
4. Wovulala ndime zapambuyo.
5. Wovulala mtanda.

Zambiri kuvulala zovuta monga:

1. T-zooneka wovulala.
2. Kulakwila ndime kumbuyo ndi kukhulupirika kwa mpanda kumbuyo.
3. Wovulala khoma kumbuyo ndi yopingasa.
4. Violation kukhulupirika kwa mizati onse.

zizindikiro wovulala

Kodi kudziwa ngati m'chiuno olowa chawonongeka? Bone wovulala limeneli, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi zizindikiro khalidwe. Mwa iwo akuima kunja:

1. Ululu m'dera groin. Iwo akhoza kukhala wofatsa pa mpumulo. Komabe, pali kupweteka kwambiri pamene akuyesa kusuntha mwendo wake wovulala.
2. Hematoma. Mbali imeneyi si oyambirira, monga angayambe chabe masiku angapo zifukwa.
3. Kumayambiriro amasiya lagona pa mphepete akunja pamwamba yopingasa.
4. Chosowa chochita ntchito mkati kasinthasintha wa malekezero m'munsi. Pamene m'chiuno fractures munthu sangathe atembenuza mwendo anavulala ndi kutembenukira mu phazi. Ndi chifukwa chake phazi zonse pamalo outwards.
5. M'munsi nthambi amakhala aafupi ndi za 3-4 masentimita.
6. Zizindikiro Girgolova. Akachitika ndi nakweza zimachitika mtsempha wamagazi ndi femoral. Mu wovulalayo uyu akhoza kukhotetsa ndi unbend nthambi chidendene koma adakali Wopanda pa pamwamba yopingasa. Komanso wodwalayo sangathe kukatenga ndi kugwira miyendo malo anakweza.

Chifukwa pali wovulala

Siyense inshuwaransi ndi kuvulala ndipo amatha kukhala okhulupirika a m'chiuno olowa. Inasintha achinyamata - matenda kuti kumachitika chifukwa zifukwa zina. Izi pazikhalanso:

1. Pamaso pa zosiyanasiyana matenda.
2. Vutoli (msewu ngozi, kugwa).

Monga okalamba, kuwonjezera pa zifukwa pamwamba pa ntchafu wovulala ndi kusamutsidwa ndi popanda angayambe pa maziko a kuchepetsa mphamvu ya minofu fupa. Zimenezi, ndi imodzi mwa zotsatira za matenda monga kufooka kwa mafupa. matenda kawirikawiri akufotokozera pambuyo isanayambike kusintha. Kufooka kwa mafupa zambiri amapezeka amuna mu ukalamba, koma mlingo wochepa.

Dziwani kuti m'chiuno wovulala zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kugwa. Zifukwa zokhudza kukhulupirika kwake pazikhalanso masomphenya mkhutu, matenda osokoneza bongo kapena oncological, utachepa zolimbitsa thupi ndiponso kudya zakudya olakwikawo. Atafika zaka 50 chiopsezo kuvulazidwa ndi kwambiri. Chaka chilichonse dziko analemba za 1.6 miliyoni fractures a m'chiuno zimakhala olowa.

zotsatira

Kwathunthu kubwezeretsedwa ngati m'chiuno olowa? Zinthu zinasintha wa gawo ili la mafupa ndi kuvulala kwambiri kuti kwa nthawi zina immobilizes munthu. Anasokonezeka ndi minofu mkhutu okhulupirika kumafuna hospitalization yomweyo. Kwa odwala kupwetekedwa wagawo fractures amenewa kuopseza zilonda kuthamanga. Nthawi zambiri, iwo anapanga pa matako ndi sacrum. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha kuyan'anila za minofu trophic.

Thrombosis ndi patsogolo njira

Za thanzi ndi moyo wa wodwalayo vuto lalikulu ndi thrombosis wa malekezero a m'munsi, komanso venous kuchulukana. Yaitali bedi zina kumayambitsa mavuto magazi. odwala achikulire kumachitika embolism m'mapapo mwanga. kuphwanya Izi kawirikawiri amapha. Komanso, pangakhale kupuma kulephera ndi chibayo congestive.

Tikumbukenso kuti yaitali bedi zina zambiri kumayambitsa kuyan'anila za ntchito kapepala m'mimba. Izi anawonetseredwa ndichepe m'mimba motility ndi kutsogolera ku chitukuko cha kudzimbidwa.

Asamapereke zambiri kumayambitsa odwala matenda a maganizo. Mu zinthu monga izi ndi zofunika kwambiri thandizo kwa okondedwa. Kuwonjezera pa pamwamba, odwala kupwetekedwa wa acetabulum ndi angayambe avascular necrosis mutu palokha ndipo M'mimbamo fupa. Nthawi zina, kukhala coxarthrosis.

thandizo

Monga likukhalira ku thandizo m'chiuno wovulala? Pamene kuvulala amenewa ayenera kukhala mosamala. Chitani motere:

1. Wozunzidwayo woyamba kuphwanya m'chiuno fupa okhulupirika zofunika azisangalatsa ndi kugona pa nsana wake.
2. Kuchotsa ululu, anayambitsa sanali chomwa mankhwalawa analgesic. Pankhaniyi, ndi "Analgin". Ngati ululu ndi kutchulidwa, izo amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala chomwa mankhwalawa. Zimakhala aliyense analgesic wothandizila "Ketorol".
3. Mayendedwe a wovulalayo pa choipa ichi ayenera kucitika pa machira.
4. Mulimonse mmene ayenera kuyesera bwinobwino kuonongeka m'munsi nthambi mu malo poyambira.
5. Pa mwendo wovulala chofunika zoika basi wapadera, amene amalola inu kugwetsa m'chiuno olowa.

Pa mayendedwe a wovulalayo m'pofunika kuti aziona chikhalidwe chake, kulabadira mtundu wa nembanemba wa mucous ndi khungu.

Kodi kuchita ndi kuwonongeka zina

Ncafu wovulala chithandizo zimene ziyenera kuchitidwa mu chipatala - ndi kuvulala kwambiri zokhudzana ndi kuswa kukhulupirika minofu zofewa. Kodi kuchita ndi kuvulala zimenezi?

1. Ngati mitsempha owonongeka ndi tourniquet akhale pamwamba pamalo magazi tinaonera. Patadutsa maola awiri, ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Woterowo zoopsa wovulalayo kutumikiridwa intramuscularly 12,5% "Etamsylate" 1% "Vikasol". The chingwe chabwazi simungathe kutseka gauze bandeji
2. Ngati khungu chawonongeka, iwo ayenera kulandira chithandizo ndi ayodini kenako amalowerera aseptic bandeji.
3. Ngati wovulalayo anayambitsa kupweteka kapena zoopsa zimene zinam'chitikira mantha, m'pofunika kugwira miyeso mwamsanga resuscitative, zomwe cholinga kukhalabe ntchito zikuluzikulu za kachitidwe kwambiri.

Kodi ngati fupa lothyoka

Nthawi zina, ntchafu m'malo. Monga tinaonera zoopsa kutchulidwa ululu, nthawi zambiri kochotsa kusapeza dokotala amaika mu malo zowonongeka ndi mankhwala ochititsa m'deralo. Komanso wodwalayo Kwalamulidwa othetsa ululu chomwa mankhwalawa ndipo sanali steroidal odana ndi yotupa mankhwala. mankhwala njira Pankhaniyi zimadalira kukhulupirika kwa minofu wakhala kusweka, ngati ziwiya lalikulu, minofu ndi Mitsemphayi kuonongeka.

Anakhudzidwa ndi wovulala mafupa m'chiuno kupanga kufanizitsa mbali kenako superimposed chigoba samatha. Mmalo awa, wodwala ayenera kugona pakati pa 1 ndi 2 miyezi. Pogwira ndalamazo chithandizo Katundu pang'ono ndi pang'ono yafupika. Kenako, bwanji ntchito pulasitala bandeji. Iwo amalola kuyenda pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo. Njinga mode wodwalayo ali pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka. Komabe, kutiletsa kuganizira mwendo wovulala. Mu ndondomeko ya konzanso odwala ndi kuvulala ngati mankhwala kutikita ndi mankhwala thupi. Kuwonjezera izo zikusonyeza mankhwala thupi mu ntchafu wovulala.

Dziwani kuti onse zolimbitsa thupi pa nthambi anavulala kukuonetsedwa miyezi pokhapokha 3. Ngati wodwala okalamba alibe matenda iliyonse yomwe sanalole oyamba ochititsa dzanzi ambiri, adokotala akhoza kuchita opaleshoni. Ndithudi, zinthu zina amafuna m'chiuno m'malo. Komanso, opaleshoni akhoza kuchepetsa nthawi ya bedi zina, chimene chiri chofunika kwambiri.

Mu zochitika zina, anamuika m'chiuno m'malo. Konzanso pambuyo opaleshoni kumachitika mofulumira kwambiri. Dziwani kuti m'malo a fupa m'dera lino ndi zina zamakono ndi ntchito zovuta.

The ndondomeko ya konzanso pambuyo prosthesis

N'zosavuta ndi analekerera m'chiuno m'malo? Konzanso pambuyo opaleshoni akhoza kuchitika mu ofesi thupi mankhwala kapena physiotherapy. Kuyambira masiku oyambirira opaleshoni imagwiridwa pansi ziyang'aniridwe wa thupi mankhwala mlangizi kapena dokotala. Patapita masiku ochepa mtima amaloledwa kuyenda ndi ndodo. Komanso, mankhwala amachitidwa pambuyo opaleshoni. Odwala pambuyo m'chiuno m'malo, zambiri zotchulidwa sosudoregulyatory mu / kulowetsedwa, heparins kulemera otsika maselo kwa prophylaxis wa thrombosis, analgesics ndi mankhwala. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, wodwala ayenera kukhala m'chipatalamo kwa masiku osachepera 5.

Konzanso pambuyo wovulala

Open kapena chatsekedwa wovulala m'chiuno olowa - zoipa, pambuyo chimene chimafuna nthawi yaitali konzanso. Pankhaniyi, ndi mankhwala apadera. Iye amagwira ntchito mu masiku oyambirira bedi zina. malangizo Aika - ndi kupewa ndi Kupha njira patsogolo, komanso mavuto postoperative.

Pamwamba pa bedi la wodwalayo zomangira wapadera. Ndi thandizo lawo, iye molondola kusintha udindo wa thupi. Izi amapewa mapangidwe zilonda kuthamanga. Komanso, rehabilitator ayenera ikuchitika pafupipafupi ndi kokoka mtima kupuma, ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zimene zingathe minofu kudzaza mpweya ndi kuteteza chitukuko cha chibayo congestive.

Kodi pali zakudya

Pankhani ya zakudya, odwala ndi kuvulala ofanana ndi kumamatira kwa zakudya makamaka, womwenso zakudya ndi okhutira mkulu wa mavitamini ndi calcium. Masamba ndi zipatso kusintha thirakiti m'mimba, komanso kupewa pakutchulidwa cha kudzimbidwa chosatha. Komanso, odwala ndi kuvulala ayenera Musaiwale spa chithandizo.