Mbiri ya matenda Pediatrics. matenda ubwana

Medicine, chifukwa chochitika kudziko, lero akhoza kuthetsa mavuto ambiri. Matenda bwino, muyenera mbiri zachipatala Pediatrics. Monga wodziimira dokotala ntchito ndi wachinyamata. Koma ngati inu mungakweze mabuku ndi kuphunzira zinthu zakale, zolembedwa zingapezeke mu India wakale, Egypt, Babulo, China ndi boma la Urartu ana kudya, kuisamalira ndi mankhwala a matenda mwana. Kale m'zaka 15-16 zinalembedwa m'buku kumene inu mukhoza kuwona za matenda mwana, koma iwo sanapezekebe malangizo. Kuyambira kumayambiriro 17 m'ma Pediatrics akuyamba kupatukana monga sayansi osiyana. Kale m'zaka za m'ma 18 motsanzira mabuku apadera. Amafa mkulu wa ana mukopedwe chitukuko cha Pediatrics. Mwamsanga anayamba kutsegula zipatala apadera. Mbiri yonse ya matenda Pediatrics lero si mazana matenda.

Pediatrics ndi ubwana matenda

Pediatrics - ndi nthambi osiyana mankhwala kuti Maphunziro a mbali ya chitukuko cha ana, matenda awo, nkhani ya kusamalira mwana wakhanda, wathanzi ndi odwala. Poyamba, panali nkhani ya Pediatrics ubwana matenda aang'ono ndi kukamenyana kuchotsa awo. Lero sayansi Chili mbali zosiyanasiyana, omwe yogwirizana ndi chitukuko zili zabwinobwino komanso matenda a ana chibadwire kuti kutha msinkhu. m'madera omwe muli ukhondo, Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa, dietetics, matenda ana, kupewa ndi kuchiza awo.

Mwana nthawi zonse kukula ndi osauka, angapo a makhalidwe anatomical ndi thupi, maganizo ndi thupi chosakhwima, motero ndiyo kulunjika wa zosayembekezereka matenda. Mwachitsanzo, matenda ena ali ana zosavuta mpaka kukula, monga chikuku ndi katsabola, koma chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti ana ndi lolimba.

Pyelonephritis ana

Matenda a pyelonephritis zikutanthauza yokha nespetseficheskoe opatsirana ndi yotupa kuwononga mafupa a chiuno nephron tubules ndi impso minofu interstitial. Ana, ndi pafupipafupi kwambiri aimpso matenda. Malinga ndi kafukufuku WHO, matenda si yomweyo pambuyo Aridi, umene uli mu malo oyamba. Amavutika kwambiri kwa atsikana kuposa anyamata.

Features pyelonephritis

matenda a impso limanenanso ndi Pediatrics. Mbiri ya matenda pyelonephritis akusonyeza kuti chifukwa cha matenda ndi matenda. Today anapeza pachimake pyelonephritis ndiponso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ake mafinya. zazikulu kutentha ndi ululu kukula fever, matenda, chimfine, septicopyemia, zilonda zapakhosi aakulu, tayifodi, ndi ena. Nthawi zambiri, apa E. coli tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Bwanji chitukuko cha matenda amenewa streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, nsomba, gonococci, Proteus, mikoplazy, candida mtundu bowa, mavairasi, etc.

ana gastroduodenit

matenda ana zikuphatikizapo kutupa si yeniyeni ya nembanemba mucous ya m'mimba ndi duodenum. Akumana aakulu pachimake gastro. Pediatrics Medical mbiri ndi matenda ake si nthawi zonse zolondola, chifukwa matenda akhoza kusokonezedwa ndi gastritis. Ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana. Zotsatira pachimake thanzi zikuwoneka ngati izi: ululu ndi chisoni pamimba chapamwamba, youma pakamwa ndi ludzu, asidi regurgitation, kunyansidwa ndi mutu. Matenda gastro Chili zizindikiro zambiri:

- kupweteka atatha kudya uko mu mawonekedwe a matenda ululu m'mimba;

- ululu pamimba atamukakamiza;

- kumverera kwa chidzalo;

- belching;

- kutentha;

- nseru kapena kusanza;

- kusafuna kudya;

- lilime ❖ kuyanika woyera kapena wachikasu;

- imfa ya thupi;

- maloto oyipa;

- kutopa;

- chizungulire;

- chifundo cha kudzimbidwa ndi kutsekula m'mimba.

A pang'ono wosiyana matenda gastro ndi wamkulu ana. Mbiri ya matenda a Pediatrics nthawi zambiri ndi ofanana. Medicine wapeza njira kuthana ndi matenda, koma mankhwala ake ndi nthawi yambiri.

matenda

Matenda - wamba mu miyoyo yathu ndi nthenda ya chapamwamba thirakiti kupuma chifukwa cha matenda losakanizika tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthawi zambiri ndi chifukwa cha sanamalize mankhwala chimfine. Ambiri a iwo ndi ana odwala ndi chilakolako osauka ndi zakudya, rickets, kupanda mavitamini kapena ofooka thupi malamulo, ndi chitetezo chokwanira osauka.

Pediatrics ano, madokotala mbiri matenda limanena kuti zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda monga:

- chimfine;

- sneezing;

- chifuwa;

- kutentha pa siteji koyamba za matendawa.

Childs, akuphokosera chifuwa ali ndi khalidwe popanda sputum chirichonse chimene expectorated frothy, yochitidwa kapena viscous kugwirizana. Nthawi si anachiritsa matenda angathe kulowa aakulu kapena nthawi zina mphumu.

matenda pachimake ana

matupi ana ndi kuti atengeke kuthekera onse a matenda, makamaka - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda. Ichi ndi chifukwa makhalidwe anatomical ndi thupi, monga:

1. zosalongosoka kwaiye chitetezo cha m'thupi, thupi kukana ofooka kuti tizilomboto.

2. Features mu thunthu la mtengo bronchial cha ana salola yachibadwa Mphamba sputum.

3. Mukotsilliarny chilolezo si wangwiro. Chifukwa cha nkhani zimenezi, pali chizolowezi kuchuluka kudzikundikira sputum chifukwa chakuti cilia oyenerera pa cylindrical mucosal epithelium, izo zilibe chikondi.

NKHANI otaya chifuwa ana

Kawirikawiri ana matenda zimatenga nthawi yaitali ndipo ndi kovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi akuluakulu. Ana aang'ono kwambiri ndi matenda amenewa woopsa kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa mbali ya kusintha kwake kwa obstructive mawonekedwe mwina yaitali, mawonetseredwe ndi kobwereza pamaso pa zaka 3-5, mpaka nthawi monga sizidzachitika kukonzanso yofunika kwambiri mbali anatomical wa machubu bronchial ndi chitetezo ambiri. Kuti dzanja la dokotala matenda ayenera kudziwika mbiri ya matenda matenda pachimake. Pediatrics anapeza njira kuthana ndi matenda.

Mbali yapadera ya matenda ana n'chakuti, poyamba akuwonetseredwa osati chifuwa, komanso zizindikiro za kuledzera. Nthawi imeneyi mwanayo listless, iye anali malungo, pali kufooka, kudya. Mu mawonekedwe kwambiri, ndi nawo kutsekeka bronchial aumbike ndi kufupika kwambiri chifukwa cha mpweya ndi wheezing, gurgling wheeze. Ana okulirapo kawirikawiri anakumana ndi chiwonetsero cha matenda.

chibayo

Chibayo ana ndi akulu ndi ndondomeko imene akupezeka zimakhala a m'mapapo, amene akufotokozera kapena matenda osiyana ufulu kapena akutumikira monga vuto la pathologies ena, monga chikuku, fuluwenza, akuphokosera chifuwa ndi ena. Matenda Izi ndi dzina lina - chibayo.

Pamene mbiri ya matenda Pediatrics, chibayo ndi matenda zofala. Ndiyamika njira zamakono asayansi nthawi yathu wapezeka kunja chifukwa cha kutupa m'mapapo mwanga wa pachimake - ndi anzake a mitundu ingapo ya mavairasi ndi tizilombo. Polimbana ndi kudwala matenda makamaka anthu amene ali ndi zinthu chowawa moyo ndi njira ya moyo, zakudya osauka kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, rickets, exudative diathesis, kuperewera kwa vitamini ndi zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chotero matenda odwala Dokotala anati nthawi zambiri monga chotsatira cha matenda fuluwenza, kupuma catarrh, chifukwa chiwerengero cha odwala ndi chibayo, ikukula kwambiri mu nthawi ya nyengo yozizira. Chimfine ndi subcooling kulenga zinthu yabwino kwa kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda owononga. Nthawi zambiri, chonyamulira cha matenda amenewa ndi munthu amene ali ndi chimfine kapena matenda pachimake kupuma.

Nthawi zambiri, makulitsidwe nyengo chifukwa chibayo kumatenga masiku 2-7, nthawi ili yonse ya nthawi mu chapamwamba mabakiteriya thirakiti kupuma chulukanani. Kawirikawiri chizindikiro choyamba cha zizindikiro matenda oopsa zikusonyeza chimfine pang'ono: chimfine mphuno, osati kwambiri kutentha thupi, osati amphamvu chifuwa, maso ofiira ndi pakhosi. Patapita masiku awiri kusonyeza matenda angaphunzitse kapena zochepa kutchulidwa, zina, pachimake chibayo ana akufotokozera popanda chenjezo.

Nthawi ya chibayo ana

Lolemera otaya chibayo anachititsa mbali structural a dongosolo kupuma. A mwana nasopharyngeal danga underdeveloped, ang'onoang'ono kukula ndi awiri ake timabowo ting'onoting'ono mphuno kukhala kosatheka kuti athe ofunda ndi zosefera mpweya wolowera mapapo pa kupuma. Pamene mbiri ya matenda, matenda pachimake odwala Dokotala ndi amathamanga zovuta monga chinthu kwa zikamera ndi kukula kwa matenda ndi kuchepetsa lumen wa trachea ndi m'phuno, mucosa wachifundo, kukhala kuchuluka kwa ziwiya lymphatic imene kusowa magazi ntchito zabwino. Komanso, mapapo ana amapangidwa ndi dongosolo lotayirira, magazi kwambiri ndipo chochepa mpweya. thorax A akhanda ndi cylindrical mu mawonekedwe, chifukwa nthiti zili pang'ono yopingasa kuposa akuluakulu. Mbali imeneyi thupi salola mwana kupuma kwambiri, kupuma kwa ena nthawi amakhalabe zikundiyendera.

Kupewa Matenda opatsirana Dokotala

Contemporary Pediatrics ana pa nkhani amapereka kwambiri malangizo, koma pali malangizo ofunikira. Popeza matenda opatsirana amaoneka ngati chifukwa cha ingestion tizilombo toyambitsa matenda anthu ndi kuswana awo ali kale mu ziwalo, pofuna kupewa matenda ndi mavuto, m'pofunika kuzindikira ndi kupeza gwero la matenda, kuthetsa kufala njira, kuchita zonse zimene tingathe kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira pa mwanayo.