Malo Pushkin mu Russia. ndi Pushkin amaika Travel

Pushkin malo ndi kudzalambira chachikulu pakati pa anthu am'deralo komanso mwa alendo. Ulendo ndi okonda zosangalatsa mabuku tingachipeze powerenga, otsatira ndakatulo, magulu ulendo wa achinyamata ndi ana asukulu mabungwe apamwamba maphunziro, komanso alendo ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Palibe kufunikira kwambiri kuti atchule malo onse angatchedwe zakale wotchuka kwambiri, analengedwa ndi chikondi ndi mibadwo yambiri ya anthu. Ndipo lero m'mlengalenga wapadera kwambiri nyumba awa anapulumutsidwa.

Manor Goncharov

Pofotokoza malo Pushkin pafupi Moscow, mukufuna kuyamba ndi malo a Goncharov. M'mudzi pali Yaropolets awiri wapadera dzina. Goncharov Manor ili kum'mwera. Iye anali Cholozera padenga zisonga za mpingo. dzina m'mudzi amachokera "munda Kumoto," apa mu masiku akale, malinga ndi nthano, adasunga kennel Mafumu. oimira ambiri achifumu wokondedwa kusaka ndi m'mudzi umenewu.

Manor gulu anapanga ngakhale pamene Zagryazhskaya m'zaka XVIII. M'dera la m'mphepete mwa nyanja Lama nyumba kuchokera kuthabwa kwa nzika ndi mpingo wa Ioanna Predtechi (1751-1755 gg.), Yomwe inali pa bwalo la kukhomo. Pambali pa cipata kumabweretsa mpingo ndi bwalo. Iwo ali ndi maonekedwe a nsanja Nyumbayi ndi mano lakuthwa. Kuyambira mpanda kuti kamodzi azungulira zovuta lonse, panali okha khoma kuchokera kum'mwera. Theka-bwalo pa outbuildings kutsogolo bwalo ili ndi nyumba lokha inamangidwa mu 1780-m, iye zikugwirizana ndi mapiko kusintha ndipo ali ndi phindu kwambiri luso limene limachititsa m'kagulu kuti zabwino za nyumba Manor nyengo. zomangamanga nyumbayi ndi zapamwamba komanso yokongola.
Mlengi Goncharivske zovuta akuganiza wamanga wa wotchuka theka lachiwiri la 18 m'ma I. V. Egotova.

Mudzi Yaropolets A. S. Pushkin anapita kawiri, mu 1833 ndi 1834. Iye anadza amake chilamulo, mayi N. I. Goncharovoy. Kale pa nthawi imeneyo, anaona kuti chuma zinasokonezeka, izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi chingwe "ankakhala m'chinyumba uwonongedwe." Otchedwa "Pushkinskaya chipinda" chinakhalapo mpaka 1941, mpaka nkhondo inayamba. Inali nthawi Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, izo ndi amene akhudzidwa kwambiri, chifukwa cha moto wakhala zingawonongeka kwambiri kuti Nyumba mkati mwa nyumba ndi chipinda ndakatulo a, komanso ambiri nyumba. Nkhondo itatha, ndi Manor linakhalanso ndi tsopano ndi malo zosangalatsa. Izi bwino makamaka - lero kukaona Pushkin malo mu Moscow. Manor Goncharov agwera mu maelstrom za mbiri ya moyo wa namatetule ndakatulo.

Zakharovo Manor

Travel Pushkin malo ayenera kupitiriza kuyendera malo, amatikumbutsa ubwana a ndakatulo iyi. Mu Russia, ambiri malo kugwirizana ndi A. S. Pushkinym, koma kwambiri losaiwalika amaonedwa kukhala omwe akugwirizana ndi ubwana wake. zikumbukiro kusiya chizindikiro awo pa moyo wa munthu ukachitikire, ndipo ndi kulenga umunthu - ndi ntchito zake. Kuti tidziwe bwino za ubwana wolemba ndakatulo, muyenera kukaona malo Zakharovo, chimene adachipasula kale anali m'manja mwa agogo a Pushkin, M. A. Gannibal.

Imodzi mwa nkhani woyamba pa chuma ichi apo m'zaka za m'ma 17 ku limodzi mwa mabuku. Tikapeza mu malemba monga munda Kamynin, amene anali mkulu wa asilikali Perm ndi Solikamsk. Mu mbiri ya nyumba anali ambiri makamu. Izo zinali kokha kutha kwa 1804, ndi mbuye wa Manor unakhala Agogo a Alexander. Kwinakwake mu kasupe mochedwa 1805, amafika pa mwana wamkazi malo M. A. Gannibal, Hope Osipovna, pamodzi ndi ana awo. Papa Pushkin sanali wokonda m'midzi ndi Zakharovo kawirikawiri anapita. kotero banja malo chinaima chilimwe chilichonse, pafupifupi kuchoka kwa Alexander Lyceum. Mu 1811, agogo anga Pushkin adagawana ndi Manor mu Zakharovo ndipo wadutsa mu malo Agrafena Alekseevne, mlongo wake.

Mwina kudziŵika kuti ndi Manor ndi malo okhawo amene wateteza mphindi ubwana Pushkin. Ku magwero odalirika ndi zikuonekeratu kuti 1805 mpaka 1810 wolemba ndakatulo anakhala pano chilimwe chilichonse. zidindo kukoma kudzera kukhala mu Manor ichi, iwo kusiya chizindikiro awo pa moyo wamtsogolo wa Pushkin nyumba lonse zinapatsira ndi ndondomeko Russian. Iwo lili pamiyendo zachilengedwe zokongola. Ndi apa kuti Pushkin choyamba anamva zimene m'mudzi Russian, chifukwa agogo wachikondi ndi namwino, komanso alongo chilengedwe ndi m'bale. Omveka kuona maulendo wolemba ndakatulo kumudzi wina wapafupi wa Vyazma mu mpingo waung'ono. Moscow Pushkin malo makamaka okondedwa ndi connoisseurs luso Russian.

Mwatsoka, nyumba kumene ndakatulo anakhala m'chilimwe wake, sanakhale ndi moyo. Mu zaka za m'ma 20 pa maziko a enieni chidole matabwa inamangidwa ku nyumba yakale, koma iye sakanakhoza kupulumuka mpaka pano chifukwa cha moto, amene chinachitika mu 1933. The 200-chaka chikumbutso cha kubadwa kwa Pushkin, mu 1999, nyumba anamangidwanso kachiwiri. Mu dongosolo latsopano palibe anasiya zidutswa zakale, koma m'malo ndi nkhani zina zimene zili nthawi imene ndakatulo moyo, koma iwo sali abale ake.

chachikulu Vyazemy

malo Pushkin mu Moscow anapereka wina malo. Manor Large Vyazemy adalemekezedwa osati A. S. Pushkinym, komanso ambiri ena odziwika onse pa dziko anthu, pakati pawo Prince Golitsyn, Kutuzov ndipo ngakhale Napoleon. M'pofunikanso kuonanso pa heroine a "Mfumukazi ya Spades", mwina akukumbutsani ena okhala a Manor lapansi. Onani izi adzayenda mwa zipinda wokongola wa nyumba, amene tsopano m'gulu la Historical zolembalemba Museum - Reserve, olengedwa mwa ulemu wa A. S. Pushkina. Bwino ndi kalozera kukaona Pushkin malo. Zokopa ndiye yodzala ndi tanthauzo.

Manor ku linga la

Koyamba ponena za Big Vyazemy wagwidwa mbiri chibwenzi ku zana la 16. Kotero mu masiku amenewo anawatcha siteshoni omaliza pa njira Moscow panjira "Big Smolensk." Mawu "Vyazma", monga asayansi ena anachokera ku Asilavo "viscous" (pansi matope pafupi mtsinje). Mu 1585-1586 gg. malo awa atenga Boris Godunov, amene anamanga yaikulu yachifumu mapiko matabwa, Boyarsky nyumba ndi mpingo, ndi azungulira nyumba mpanda. Pa Nthawi ya Mavuto mu Big Vyazemy moyo Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry, ndipo kwa nthawi ndithu kumeneko anasiya Marina Mniszek ndi ogwira wake. Pafupi kuti uchikumbe, Petro Ine kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 17 anapereka Boris Golitsyn, amenenso ankagwira kubwezeretsa zonse za nyumba yachifumu. Manor nyumba mu Big Vyazemy, zomwe zinasungidwa ndi tsiku segodneshny anamangidwanso NM Golitsyn, akulu-mdzukulu Boris Golitsyn, mu 1784. malowa Alexander anapita kangapo. Mu buku lake "Eugene Onegin" anafotokoza kuti nyumba, umene uli mu mankhwala a Onegin, ndi Manor m'mudzi Zakharovo anakhala zinachitika wa munda Larin.

Palace Volkov-Yusupov

Lonse kuchuluka Pushkin malo osiyana mu Russia. Photos akhoza pang'ono okha kusonyeza ukulu wawo onse. Anazindikira komanso kupenda zotheka awo okha pa ulendo munthu.

Pushkin malo No zochepa chidwi mu Moscow. Suli kutali ndi siteshoni "Red Chipata" ndi chitsanzo wamkulu wa nyumba mwala likulu. Volkov-Yusupov Palace ali ndi mbiri wolemera. Linamangidwa mu zaka za 17-19 ndipo amadziwika kuti Nyumba ya Volkov ndi Yusupov Palace. Akukhulupirira kuti anamangidwira kale, m'nthawi ya 16, wotchuka Russian mapulani Barma ndi Postnikov, amene m'tsogolo mwake pa Red Square, St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo.

Pamaso pa Petro Wachiwiri anapereka nyumba Grigory Dmitrievich Yusupov, iye anali ochepa akuluakulu a boma ndi asilikali pa nthawi. Otsiriza pamaso pa Yusupov anali munda Alexei Volkov, amene anali mlembi wa Collegium usilikali. Ndipo mu zaka 1801-1803. mu dera la kumadzulo kwa banja Chambers moyo A. S. Pushkina, kotero nyumba yachifumu amati ndi chipilala mapulani kuti Pushkin malo. Kumangidwa ndi mapulani zovuta wopangidwa zingapo nsanja amene apitirira architraves zachilendo, mizati regal kwambiri pang'ono zolemera. zomangamanga denga chokongoletsedwa ndi hammering ndiponso kusema, vanes nyengo, lattices ndi mizati. Wokongola maonekedwe likukwaniritsa kolowera zazikulu za zipinda mkati.

Nyumba Museum Pushkin mu Moscow

malo Pushkin wa dera Moscow zili makamaka Moscow ndi m'madera yomweyo. Pa Arbat, pakati pa mzinda, 2-storey akale nyumba mu 1831 A. S. Pushkin lendi nyumba, umene ndi malo wauzimu wa anzeru kulenga. Palinso chikumbutso owonetsera zakale-nyumba ya ndakatulo, amene anafika ndi mibadwo yambiri ya mafani wake. Mu nyumba iyi, Alexander chikondwerero mbawala wake achinyamata okhaokha ndipo atakwatirana anakhala mu nyumba ino kale ndi mkazi wake N. N. Goncharovoy. Malinga ndi ena okha, nyumba makamaka a ku ilo, monga izo zinachitika mwa makoma ake ndi moyo wosangalala Pushkin. Long zokwanira nyumba limodzi ili mu nyumba ino, kokha wodzichepetsa kunja zolengeza, womwe unakhazikitsidwa mu 1937, anakumbukira kuti kamodzi mu nyumba ino anakhala ndakatulo kwambiri. Izo zinali kokha February 18, 1986, pambuyo kubwezeretsa yaitali, nyumba mwalamulo anakhala kowonera zakale.

kukhudzana

Mwatsoka, palibe deta pa mkati mwa nyumba imene Pushkin kumeneko, kotero owonetsera zakale ndodo anaganiza kusiya yosanja ndi pafupifupi palibe zakale. Tsoka chomwecho anachitika ena Pushkin malo ena. Photo choncho angathe kusonyeza kukongola onse chipilala cha. Makoma a nyumba-owonetsera zakale ali chokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za anthu amene anali alendo kawirikawiri pa Alexander Pushkin. Pakati chimodzimodzi kuchuluka onse ka zinthu mukhoza kuona zithunzi za Pushkin ndi mkazi wake, olembedwa pa moyo wake, komanso tebulo ndi tebulo ndakatulo mkazi Pushkin a. Pansi choyamba cha nyumbayi magwiridwe chionetsero "Pushkin ndi Moscow" omwe anasonyeza ofunda, koma mgwirizano kudandaula wolemba ndakatulo ndi likulu. Komanso zinthu zina mafanizo ntchito za mlakatuli, ndi pabalaza nthawi zambiri unachitikira chionetsero. malo Pushkin mu Russia, makamaka Moscow, timafunika chidwi cha otsutsa ambiri ndi olemba.

Pushkin Hills

Pa makilomita 120 kuchokera Pskov ndi mudzi Pushkin Hills. City dzina ndisakhale popanda chifukwa, chifukwa ndakatulo iyi ndi umakhudza malo ake awiri kuti kamodzi a banja la Pushkin, ndipo anali cholowa anzake. Komanso m'dera limeneli pali ena obisika, kumene ndakatulo wotchuka anaikidwa m'manda. Pa nthawi, zigawo zonse zitatu kupanga kowonera zakale wotchedwa pambuyo A. S. Pushkina.

Mikhailovskoe

Mikhailovskoye - munda yotchuka kwambiri ya AS Pushkin. Apa iye whiled kutali kwambiri nthawi unyamata wake ndi wanu, ndi kuchokera 1824 mpaka 1826 anali mu St. Michael ali pano. Mpaka kuwala ndakatulo iyi ndi malo a banja lake. Kuyambira 1742 chuma anatengera yemwe anali agogo ake kwa mayi a ndakatulo iyi. Belo boma malo wadutsa mu 1899, pamene Pushkin kuti asiya zaka 100, ndipo mu 1911 izo lidzasinthidwa owonetsera zakale wodzipereka kwa Aleksandru Sergeevichu. Kubwezeretsedwa Manor kawiri, nthawi yoyamba moto ankawononga malo mu 1918. The malo kumangidwanso mu 1937 ndipo kachiwiri koma unawonongedwa pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse ndipo anabwezeretsedwa mu nthawi unawonongedwa.

Pa munda nyumba wobwezeretsedwa ndi zina mwa zinthu zimene a ndakatulo iyi. Kukacheza ndi zipinda zilipo za chuma, mmodzi wa iwo - ndi ofesi Pushkin, limene iye ali tebulo. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono ndodo ya nyumbayi amayesetsa kuti achire mphindi iliyonse ya moyo wolemba ndakatulo wa, anakhala mu izi chisa banja.

Petulo

Malo mu m'ma 18, anabadwa ndi mphatso Elizabeth I wamkulu-agogo wolemba ndakatulo AP Hannibal. Pambuyo pake, anadutsa agogo PA Hannibal, ndipo ngakhale patapita - Amalume VP Hannibal. Iye anali mwini mtheradi wa banja. Kuyambira 1839 munda a eni zosiyana, ndipo mu 1936 anali anadzetsa pa Kapangidwe ka Pushkin Museum. Manor akukonza kubwezeretsa kangapo. Nyumba woyimilirapo Pushkin, kuwotchedwa mu 1918. Mu 1977, Nyumbayi anamangidwanso agogo P. A. Pushkina, ndipo mu 2000 - ndi zazikulu agogo A. Hannibal. Today m'nyumbayi zovuta a nyumba ziwiri lalikulu ndi gazebo-grotto. Pushkin malo mu Russia bwino moyo wa ndakatulo lodziwika bwino.

Trigorskoye

Chuma cha abwenzi wolemba, ndi Osipov-Wolf, amene Pushkin abwenzi ambiri pafupi nthawi ya maumboni mu 1824-1826 biennium. Ngati zigawo zina Pushkin nyanga Trigorskoye yapsya mu 1918. kumanganso anayamba mu nthawi unawonongedwa. Ndi 1962, iye nakhalanso ndi Manor nyumba, ndi 1978 - kusamba, amene anali pa nthawi malo osamba, komanso munda nyumba, zikutanthauza kumasuka anakonda ndakatulo. ulaliki katundu wotchuka ndi zinthu za nthawi mu chionetsero cha nyumba Manor. bwalo ndi lalikulu lomwe lili "benchi Onegin" ndi "Avenue a Tatiana." Dziwani kuti zinachitika Trigorskoye kupeza Larin malo. Pali nkhambakamwa kuti zilembo za khalidwe lake buku Alexander anakopera ku comrades zawo. Amodzi mwa malo ambiri ndimasewera wa paki - ndi mitengo anabzala kuzungulira, amene ali amatikumbutsa sundial a. Pushkin malo angatchedwe nthano, monga chikhalidwe lozungulira iwo, kwenikweni amaoneka ngati nthano, lolembedwa ndi wolemba ndakatulo iyi.

Mpingo wa agulupa ya

Mpingo wa agulupa ndi wotchuka chifukwa chakuti mmenemo ndakatulo anaikidwa m'manda pamodzi ndi banja lonse. anenedwanso - Woyera Mfundo ansembe yotchedwa, Ndi inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 16 pa malamulo Ivana Groznogo IV. Malinga ndi mwambo, obisika a amayikidwa mu malo m'busa ndinalota chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Alexander ankakonda kukacheza malo awa, lankhulani rector ndi atsogoleri a chipembedzowo, amene nthawizonse pa fairs imene obisika a. Mozungulira 1924 izo chinatsekedwa pambuyo polenga nthambi ya m'nyumbayi a ndakatulo iyi, ndipo mu 1992 anayamba adakhala la munthu.

Si malo onse Pushkin ili mu Russia. Ndipotu njira ya Alexander unkagwiritsidwa m'madera ambiri a dziko.