Malo ambiri omwe simukukhalamo

Malo amodzi ndi katundu wamba omwe ali ndi eni nyumba, komanso nyumba zosakhala. Zimaphatikizapo zipinda zomwe sizili mbali ya nyumba kapena maofesi, ndipo zimapezeka kuti zikhalepo, kuyendera ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu. Zolinga zopezeka ku malo amenewa zingangokhalapo ngati maola ena apangidwira. Cholinga chomwecho chimapangidwanso pazinthu zosiyana, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi ufulu ndi ufulu wa munthu kapena gulu la anthu.

Kodi Code ya Housing imati chiyani?

Malingana ndi malamulo omwe alipo, malo ammudzi m'nyumba zomanga nyumba ndizopatsidwa katundu wamba.

Mndandanda wake uli ndi:

- Malo omwe nyumbayo inamangidwira. Zimaphatikizanso zinthu zowonjezera pazinthu, komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba.
- Zojambula ndi zomangamanga zomwe zimapanga mipanda ndikugwira ntchito.
- Zida zowonjezera kuti zikhale malo ogwirira ntchito.
- Mitundu ina ya malo omwe si malo enieni a nzika, yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa zosowa za anthu komanso zapakhomo.
- Malo oyenerera poyendetsa antchito ndi nyumba (stairs ndi elevators).

Nyumba yomanga nyumba zambiri

Malo ammudzi mu nyumba imene anthu alimo amatsimikiziridwa ndi bungwe la boma kapena boma lokha, lomwe limachokera ku zochitika za malo. Kodi cholinga cha njirayi ndi chiyani? Ndikofunika kuchita ntchito yosungirako katundu, kuyang'anira zomwe zilipo, komanso kupikisana ndi mabungwe omwe angasamalire malowa.

Kodi ndi ziti, malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa nyumba? Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chili m'ndandanda wawo? Lili ndi:

1. Malo okhala ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana zomwe zili mkati mwa nyumba, koma osati malo omanga nyumba zomangamanga, komanso ma geometry. Madera oterewa akukonzekera kutumikila osati nyumba yokha, komanso ogulitsa ake (osaposa).
2. Malo omwe amapita kumalo akunyumba, komanso kuchoka pakhomo, zipangizo zamakwerero, masitepe, ndi zitsulo zamoto.
3. Zojambula zamagetsi ndi zomangamanga.
4. Magalasi omangidwira, omwe ali pansi pa nyumbayo pansi, kapena kuti apangidwa ngati gawo la katundu wosasunthika.
5. Zida zothandizira ogulitsa (oposa mmodzi), komanso madera ena othandizira mkati mwa nyumba yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito potumizira zipangizo zoterezi.
6. Mabotolo, komanso maofesi ena apadera.
7. mipanda kapena mipanda.
8. Denga la nyumba.
9. Kubala zinthu za nyumba yomwe ili m'malo ogwiritsira ntchito misala.
10. Kujambula zinthu mkati mwa nyumba (stair rails, parapets, etc.).
11. Zipinda ndi mawindo m'zipinda zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyera.
12. Njira ndi machitidwe oyenera okhutiritsa anthu mu kuwala, kutentha ndi phindu lina la chitukuko.

Tingafotokoze bwanji mwachidule malo omwe anthu ambiri amakhala nawo mu nyumba? Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chili m'ndandanda wawo? Lili ndi zonse zomwe zili pamtunda wa nyumbayo ndipo zimapanga ntchito yabwino yopangira malo okhalamo.

Zizindikiro za malo omwe ali nawo

Malo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu osiyanasiyana, zizindikiro zingapo ndizochitika, monga:

- Kufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zipinda zingapo kapena zipinda zonse m'nyumba;
- kuganiziridwa mwa mawonekedwe a chinthu chimodzi;
- ntchito yamagwira ntchito.

Malipiro

Nchifukwa chiyani malo omveka aperekedwa pagulu losiyana? Izi ndizofunikira kulipira ntchito yawo. Masiku ano ogwira ntchito m'nyumba zimakakamizidwa kuti azipereka ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito popanga nyumba zambiri. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chikuphatikizidwa (nyumba yosungiramo nyumbayi siiliwerengera molingana ndi dongosolo lino) mukalandira msonkho? Izi zikuphatikizapo kufotokozera malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyera. Poyambirira panalibe mzere woterewu m'kalandilo.

Komabe, kubweza ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi m'malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu oposa mmodzi akhala akuchita. Kusiyana kokha lero ndi kufotokozera mizere yomwe imalandira. Malinga ndi ndondomeko yomwe inakhazikitsidwa ndilamulo, ndalama zomwe zimakhalapo kuti zikhale malo ammudzi ziyenera kufalitsidwa malinga ndi zomwe ophunzirawo amagwira nawo mbali kapena ogwira ntchito m'nyumba.

M'nkhani yowunikira malo amenewa ndi malipiro a:

- kutaya mphamvu chifukwa cha kupanda ungwiro mu wiring;
- kuwala pakhomo;
- chakudya cha njira yapadera yolankhulirana (khomo lachitseko), lomwe limateteza anthu osaloledwa kuti asayandikire pakhomo;
- Mpangidwe wamakono wopita ku televizioni, yomwe alimi onse a mnyumba angagwiritse ntchito;
- Kuunikira kwa zipinda zapansi ndi ma attics.

Tiyerekeze kuti pali pulogalamu yogwirizana pakhomo. Zimaganizira magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo onse . Zisonyezo za chipangizo choterechi mu kilowatts ziyenera kugawidwa mwa onse omwe ali ndi chiyanjano cha malo ogulitsa nyumba. Kuwerengera kumachitika molingana ndi chiwerengero cha nzika omwe akulembetsa mu nyumbayi pa ufulu wa katundu wawo.

Mbali za nyumba zamagulu

Kukhala m'nyumba imodzi ndi oyandikana nawo omwe ali kunja kwathu sikungakhale bwino. Pambuyo pa zonse, munthu aliyense ali ndi zizolowezi zake komanso njira yamoyo ya tsiku ndi tsiku.

Moyo m'bwalo lamagulu ndikumangokhalira kukangana pa phokoso, zovuta zosiyanasiyana, komanso chifukwa cha malo ammudzi. Ngakhale akuluakulu n'zovuta kufotokoza lingaliro lakuti muyenera kumalemekezana komanso kusunga mapangano ena.

Malo amapezeka kwa anthu onse

Anthu omwe amakhala m'nyumba zambiri amakhala ndi ufulu womwewo kuti agwiritse ntchito oyandikana nawo nyumba monga khonde ndi khitchini, chimbudzi, chipinda chogona komanso malo osambira. Zonsezi ndizopadera malo ogona. Malingana ndi lamuloli, ogulitsa ali ndi ufulu wokhala katundu kapena katundu wina wa malo omwe ali pamwambawa malinga ndi gawo lawo.

Kodi malo ammudzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji m'nyumba? Malamulo alibe malingaliro a njirayi. Kodi mungatani ndi mikangano pakati pa ogwira ntchito? Zikatero, nkhani zimathetsedwa m'khoti.

Zokonzanso

Kodi ndi malo ati omwe amakhala m'nyumba zambiri zomwe zikufunikira ntchito yomanga? Kufunikira kokonzanso kumakhazikitsidwa ndi oimira mabungwe omwe amatumikira panyumba kapena kuyendetsa. Izi zikhoza kupangidwa ndi akatswiri oitanidwa, opangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito m'nyumba. Pambuyo polemba zochitikazo, chigamulo chomaliza chimapangidwa. Ngati chiri chotsimikizika, ndiye sitepe yotsatira ndikuphatikiza kulingalira.

Malipiro a ntchito yokonza amachitika ndi anthu. Komabe, sikuti nthawi zonse anthu okonzeka kupereka ndalama zowonjezera malo ogwiritsiridwa ntchito pa malo osakhala. Malamulo amtunduwu amati ngati anthu oyandikana nawo amakana kulipira, mukhoza kutenga ndalamazi. Kubwezeredwa kwa ndalama kungapezeke kanthawi pang'ono. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kufotokoza zolembedwazo ndi khoti. Mutapanga chisankho chabwino, ndalamazo zibwereranso ku chikwama chanu. Kukonza nthawi yomweyo kudzachitika nthawi, ndikupereka zokondweretsa zokondweretsa.

Nyumba zosakhala zogona

Malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ambiri sikuti amakhala m'nyumba zokhala ndi anthu okha. Palinso malo osiyanasiyana ogulitsa ndi ogwira ntchito, nyumba za moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku komanso nyumba zina, kumene masitolo, maofesi ndi malo ogulitsa alipo.

Nyumba yosakhala yokhalamo, komanso nyumba yokhalamo, si chinthu chokhachokha. Awa ndi mndandanda wa malo (maofesi, maofesi, etc.) omwe ali a mwiniwake. Nthaŵi zambiri, malo oterowo amachotsedwa.

Kodi pali malo omveka m'malo osungirako nyumba? Nthaŵi zina malo oterewa ndi malo a municipalities, omwe amawapereka kwa mabungwe ogulitsa malonda ndi ufulu wa kayendetsedwe ka zachuma.

Multisubjective ubale

Ndani amagwiritsa ntchito malo osungirako anthu m'nyumba yosakhalamo? Yankho la funso limeneli si lophweka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu kayendetsedwe ka ndalama zopanda malire pali kugonjera mowirikiza kwa maubwenzi.

Akuluakulu ogwiritsa ntchito nyumbayi ndi awa:

- alangizi;
- eni eni;
- Ngongole mabungwe (mabanki ndi zina zotero);
- mabungwe ogwirizana;
- madera.

Ubale wa Mwini

Kodi malo omwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nyumba yosakhala yokhalamo ndi yotani? Tsatanetsatane wa chikhalidwe cha eni ake enieni pakali pano ndi malo ovuta komanso otukuka.

Kuonjezerapo, ntchito yomanga nawo ntchito yomanga nyumba zomwe zilibe malo okhala zimayambitsa kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha eni eni. Chiwerengero chawo chikukula nthawi zonse m'nyumba zomwe zili kale. Pakalipano, ubale wa mwiniwake wakhala woposa chiwerengero cha anthu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake vutoli likufuna chidwi china kuchokera ku bungwe la malamulo.

Malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito

Ngati munthu wina kapena bungwe lovomerezeka ali ndi malo osiyana ndi nyumba yosakhala yokhalamo, mulimonsemo adzakhala ndi gawo lina la katundu yense omwe ali pa malo omanga. Kodi gulu ili ndi chiyani? Malo omwe anthu ambiri amakhala nawo m'nyumba yosakhala nyumba ndi awa:

- malo oyenerera kutumikila malo oposa 1;
- masitepe;
- Lounges;
- masitepe;
- elevator ndi migodi ina;
- corridors;
- zaluso pansi;
- attics;
- Zofunda;
- zipinda zapansi ndi zipangizo zamakono zomwe zili mkati mwake;
- zopanda katundu ndi zinyumba;
- zipangizo zosiyanasiyana.

Ufulu wogawira eni ake malo omwe anthu ali nawo ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malamulo ndi anthu omwe adagula malo amodzi kapena nyumba zina. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, payenera kukhala chikalata chomwe chikutsimikizira kulembetsa mu bukhu la eni nyumba.

18 Russian Federation mu item 1 ya chinthu. 247 amasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukhala ndi katundu mu umwini wagawana ndizotheka kokha mwa mgwirizano ndi aliyense wa ophunzira ake. Ndipo ngati maphwandowa sanagwirizane nazo? Zikatero, funso ili kapena funsoli likhoza kufufuzidwa potsatira malamulo. Mukamapanga chisankho, khotilo limachokera kumtheradi weniweni wovomerezeka mwalamulo ndi eni ake omwe ali okhondo komanso odwala matenda opatsirana ndi moto. Pamafunikanso kukhalitsa zofuna zachuma pa maphwando onse.

Pambuyo poyesa ndondomeko yogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukhala ndi katundu wamba wa nyumba yosakhala yokhala, maubwenzi ovomerezeka alamulo amadza pakati pa eni ake. Pankhaniyi, aliyense wa iwo ali ndi ufulu wofuna malamulo kuti akwaniritsidwe.

Pakati pa eni nyumba malo osakhalamo pali boma lapadera. Maphwando onse amafunika kusunga chipinda chimodzi. Khotilo liri ndi ufulu wodziwa nthawi ndi nthawi zomwe amagwiritsira ntchito malo amenewa, komanso kusamalira kwawo.