Kutulukira - chidutswa wapadera nyimbo. Kodi kulunjika ake

Kutulukira - Kutulukira Izi. Latin, Russian, English, Italy, French ndi ambiri m'zinenero zina kupereka yomasulira lomveka kwathunthu mawu - ndi "Kutulukira". Koma tinganene kugwira ntchito iliyonse luso wobadwa m'maganizo a Mlembi wake.

Kodi chidali chifuniro mu nyimbo

Mokhudzana ndi chidutswa cha nyimbo zikutsindika luso Special, wothwanima chiwalitsiro cha Wolemba ndi kupeza zosiyanasiyana zimene mungachite kuti kukhala ndi intertwining mitu ndi mawu.

Malinga ndi mwambo, anthu anapanga - ndi sewero lomwe lili makhalidwe umodzimodzi. Choyamba tikulankhula za polyphonic chidutswa, ndiyo polyphony. Komanso, nthawi zambiri limba ntchito. Koma limba si kawirikawiri kusewera zolemba umodzi, ndiye zonse zimene zinalembedwa pa limba, mungathe kuyitana polyphony?

No. Ambiri polyphonic ntchito textured mawu lokwanira. Pali bwinobwino nyimbo, ndipo pali mau zimene zigwirizana pamodzi ndi izo. Ndi zofunika sekondale ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "limodzi" kapena "thandizo".

Mbali yaikulu ya polyphonic kalata

Polyphony Mbali ali mu malo oyamba ndi kuti palibe pansiyi inivoyisi mizere. mavoti onse nyimbo, onse akuluakulu ndi ofanana. Muziona intonation limaonetseratu ndi articulation ya aliyense wa iwo kwa yoimba ndi yovuta.

N'chifukwa chake polyphony mtundu wanyimbo pamisinkhu aphunzira nyimbo (ndi pafupifupi Mpikisano onse) ndi zofunika chigawo chimodzi cha pulogalamu mbali ya woimba wa.

The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za vuto la Wolemba za - kulenga polyphonic chidutswa ndi zovuta, izo kumafuna luso.

Malinga akafuna ulaliki masewero zingakukhudzireni mayina osiyanasiyana: fugue, ovomerezeka, onyenga, di- kapena trohgolosnaya Kutulukira ndi zina zotero.

Zina mwa ntchito polemba chinenero ichi ndi Baibulo tingachipeze powerenga za Fugue ndi Kutulukira tinganene kuti ngati zinthu kukonzekera pokonzekera kuphedwa ake payekha.

30 Anatulukira Ioganna Sebastyana Bach

Ndi cholinga ichi, wamkulukulu German Wolemba za m'ma 17 Iogann Sebastyan dzipulumutse analenga wake wosafa awiri Part Anatulukira 15 ndi zofanana chifukwa mawu atatu, akuitana nthetemya lomaliza.

Mu oyamba kuti Anatulukira wake Bach analemba kuti bukuli, iye anasonyeza mmene kupirira osati ndi awiri, koma m'kati kuwongolera, ndi atatu ziyenera (payekha) mawu imodzi kuphunzira "zoyambitsidwa wabwino ndi chitukuko yoyenera." The mavuto waukulu anatsindika awiri: "Tipindulanji unsembe cantabile wa kusewera ndi nthawi yomweyo kuzikonda kwa zikuchokera."

Kumvetsa ukulu wa Bach ndi kuti alembe zolimbitsa yosavuta kwa ophunzira, analenga zolengedwa anapulumuka m'ma, simunataye mphamvu ya chikoka wauzimu pa anthu ndi lero.

Kutanthauza polyphonic zidutswa chitukuko amakambirana

Part Anatulukira ndi Bach alembera clavichord, chifukwa yekha chida uwu unali "kupereka mosangalatsa," masewera, wolemera mu mitundu zina. Komabe, limba ano zimathandiza kuzindikira cholinga ichi.

Mwina wolemba sankadziwa ngakhale kuti pati Anakwaniritsa cholinga chake kuti tipereke kukoma kwa nyimbo za.

Modern woimba, nthawi zambiri kuchuluka yocheperako chidziwitso njira compositional kuposa momwe izo zinaliri mu nthawi ya Bach, Amamvetsa kwambiri kusiyana pakati pa Akhristu oona ndi onama paluso loimba.

Aliyense amene anaphunzira ubwana (ngakhale umakaniko) osachepera 1-2 Part Anatulukira ndi Bach, Sangamsautse kufufuta chiphunzitso cha mawu-kutsogolera bwino. Chidutswa nyimbo iye mwachibadwa tayang'ana wekha osauka mzere melodic nazindikira ajombera monga drawback ndi.

Kutulukira - chidutswa cha nyimbo, anapereka lonse kudziwa lodalirika la zojambulajambula.

Apadera Anatulukira wotanthauzira

Kulankhula anatulukira Iwo kungakhale kum'lakwira osati kutchula dzina la lodziwika bwino Canada limba Glenn Gould. Izo zinachitika kuti anali Part Anatulukira ndi Bach zatenganso mbali mu kubadwa kwake monga wojambula, ndipo izo zinachitika mu Russia.

Mu May 1957, anafika ku Moscow ndiye osadziwika wamng'ono limba ku Canada. Zinali ulendo wake woyamba. Thuu ndi trohgolosnye Bach Anatulukira - ndi zonse m'gulu pulogalamu konsati. Tikiti ku Nyumba ya pasukulu anali ofunika 1 ruble, omvera pafupifupi 30.

Pambuyo konsati, panatha mphindi zochepa chabe - ndi omvera zinadziwika kuti iwo alipo pa kubadwa kwa chozizwitsa. Nayenso anthu anatuluka mchipindamo kufuulira anzathu zimene zikuchitika.

Nthambi yachiwiri anayamba kuchedwa kwa mphindi 40 - omvera anadzaza holo. Pambuyo Moscow, panali anthu akuimba mu Leningrad komwe Gould anapita mbali ya omvera Moscow.

Pambuyo zoimbaimba izi Canada limba anapitiriza woyendera ku Ulaya, kumene anakumana ngati nyenyezi yatsopano, maholo adadzazidwa. Mpaka lero guldovskaya kutanthauzira Anatulukira ankaona chosaneneka chitsanzo.

Kutulukira - uyu si mbali wokwanira Bach, ndi polyphonic mawonekedwe ntchito pamaso pake. Ena mwa anthu amene analemba Anatulukira lero, angatchedwe maina a analemba wotchuka S. Gubaidulina, R. K. Schedrin, B. I. Tischenko. Ndi talente onse a nyimbo zawo izo simungakhoze kupikisana ndi "limatiphunzitsa". Izi chodabwitsa mamba osiyana.