Kuti neutralizes ndi Mercury? Njira yothetsera Mercury demercurization

Ngakhale kuti achipatala nthawi zonse ikusintha ndipo zamakono mankhwala akhala bwino ntchito panyumba, Mercury thermometer kuyeza thupi kutentha akadali ambiri thandizo banja. Zimachitika kuti thermometer ukugunda, kenako pali mafunso awiri: "Kodi kuchotsa nkhani za thermometer" ndi "Kodi neutralizes Mercury?"

zitsulo madzi

Kuyambira ali mwana, aliyense amadziwa kuti zitsulo - ndi chinthu cholimba chotafuna, chonyezimira. Khama la zinthu zimachitikira cha gulu limeneli zitsulo, komabe analamula Michael Lomonosov awiri ndipo kwa zaka zapitazo. Koma, zonse zimachitika pafupifupi, aliyense ulamuliro ali kuchotserapo ake. Apa zitsulo si nthawi zonse kuyang'ana monga chonchi, ndi tanthauzo lalikulu Russian wasayansi Chioneke. Apa Mercury. zitsulo Izi agwilitse pa 80th tebulo khungu la zinthu mankhwala anayamba sayansi yaikulu D. I. Mendeleevym. Koma mu malo bwino kuti anthu Mercury - osati olimba, ndi madzimadzi. Ndipo ichi ndi chokhacho madzi zitsulo wa onse, lomwe sayansi lero.

Za katundu zodabwitsa elementi mankhwala akhoza kulankhula kwambiri. Koma ayamikike makhalidwe ake Mercury - wapadera mankhwala amafotokozera. Kodi Mercury ntchito makampani ano, kusonyeza makhalidwe ake omwe? Pali m'mafakitale ambiri - kuchokera onse thermometer kudziwika zachipatala kuti mphamvu wa hydrogen atomiki.

Mercury kunyumba

The mabungwe, ndi Mercury chimatengedwa ngati imodzi mwa zinthu kwambiri zikuwononga kuipitsa. Koma popanda izi amafotokozera mankhwala simungathe kulingalira m'madera ambiri a zochita za anthu. Nyumba motsimikiza ambiri thermometers, kumene Mercury amachita monga chizindikiro kutentha, nyali fulorosenti, flasks amene anadzazidwa ndi Mercury nthuzi mu osakaniza ndi inert argon gasi, ena mabatire mu mafoni. Paokha, awa zinthu si owopsa, koma kofunika ndi zothandiza. Koma kuwonongeka angathe kuyambitsa matenda aakulu wa kunyumba onse. Koma funso kupemphedwa ngati nyumba mwadzidzidzi wosweka thermometer: 'Kodi ine ndichita "

Chotero thermometer bwino

Galasi thermometers wodzazidwa ndi Mercury woonda zingalowe botolo - capillary ndi magulu lonse ndi zonse bwino kuyambira ali mwana. Izi alipidwa ndi zofunika mankhwala chipangizo mu banja lililonse. Inde, tsopano mukhoza kugula thermometers amagetsi a mosiyanasiyana - kuchokera anafuna makanda mu mawonekedwe a nipple kuti sanali nawo. Koma ambiri anthu amakhulupirira ndi zolondola kwambiri Mercury thermometer ndi othandiza. Izi ziri za kuopsa zidzabisala thermometer akuganiza ochepa.

Bwanji, zikuoneka, kunali koyenera kuti abwere ndi thermometer Mercury, ngati chinthu chimene chimathandiza kuyeza thupi kutentha, ndi oopsa kwambiri? Koma izo zakhala Mercury kuti madzi amene ikukwaniritsa zosowa kutentha miyezo zolondola, wogawana kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwake, kukweza ndi thermometer capillary. Anatulukira Mercury thermometer anali m'zaka za m'ma 18, monga bwino Baibulo la thermometer ndi mowa. Mu dziko lathu anatengera zikupezeka kutentha kwa Celsius lonse, m'mayiko a Azungu ndi America, kutentha kuyeza ndi Fahrenheit. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake thermometer kunyumba, anthu ochepa ndikuganiza za yankho la funso "amene neutralizes ndi Mercury," ngati modzidzimuka thermometer.

Live ndi Mercury

Mercury amadziwika kuti anthu kuyambira nthawi zakale. Wokongola, miyala wofiira mu vuto cinnabar - Mercury zachilengedwe mchere ncho anthu kuti yowala utoto, mozindikira anawamasulira ku mwala wakale Persian amatchedwa "magazi chinjoka ndi". Ndipo ngakhale ndiye Mercury ntchito kulumikizana - njira ayeretsedwe golide. Komanso ankadziwa katundu poizoni mankhwala mankhwala enaake monga mankhwala enaake mercuric, amene lero ntchito ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mercury - wapadera zitsulo, iwo amayamba kusungunula pa kutentha pafupifupi -39 digiri centigrade. Adava kuti chakupha kwambiri. Kodi ndi owopsa kwa Mercury anthu ku thermometer wosweka, muyenera kulongosola.

Ngati mankhwala enaake alowa panja, iwo amayamba asanduke nthunzi monga madzi, ndi evaporation yogwira akuyamba pa madigiri 18 Celsius. Mercury nthuzi kukhutitsa mpweya mu chipinda, makamaka ngati si mpweya wokwanira. Ndipo kotero mpweya ndi owopsa kwa anthu, ndiponso ziweto, ndiponso ngakhale zomera m'nyumba ndi nsomba Aquarium lapansi. Mbali yapadera ya mchitidwe uwu kuti akhoza kudziunjikira, mwachitsanzo kudziunjikira ku zamoyo, ndipo zosatheka kuti tikuona. Mercury ndi anasonkhanitsa mpaka ndikofunikira malire ndende ake mu thupi. Komanso, matendawo ali wofatsa mu magawo oyambirira poyizoni, amene angalakwitse chifukwa kutopa, chimfine pang'ono, koma matenda aakulu, moyo pachiswe.

Chikuchitika ndichiyani?

Mercury ndi ngozi zamoyo zonse, kumaphwanya njira kagayidwe kachakudya, munthu akumvera kufooka woyamba ndi mphwayi, umene nthawi nkukhala kuphwanya ziwalo zonse: impso, chiwindi, mtima, mapapo amadwala ndi muyeso wa mankhwala enaake m'thupi. Woopsa zotsatira chingakhale chifukwa cha chiphe ku Mercury thermometer. Zizindikiro ndi zotsatira za inhalation ya Mercury nthuzi, kapena, oipitsitsa, Mercury kulowa m'thupi kudzera pakamwa angakhale owopsa kwambiri.

Mercury poizoni, monga wina aliyense poizoni ndi woopsa zinthu kungakhale kovuta kapena mwina aakulu. Pachimake poyizoni amakhala ndi mutu, kusanza ndi salivation, ululu pakhosi ndi pamimba, kutupa ndi magazi m'kamwa, angathe kuonjezera kutentha thupi. Pachimake kuonekera pambuyo pa 2 hours pambuyo mlingo ndithu Mercury otsekeredwa mu thupi.

Matenda poyizoni - chifukwa cha yaitali inhalation ya Mercury nthuzi ndi woipa otsika. Nthawi zambiri akufotokozera anthu m'nyumba chimene chinaperekedwa kamodzi wosweka Mercury thermometer, koma kuyeretsa ndi neutralization wothandizila si monga chiyenera sanatsatiridwe kupanga.

Ngati izi zichitika

Wosweka thermometer - zingatanthauze ndi asatipusitsenso. Inu muyenera kukatenga zidutswa, kuchotsa mipira Mercury, bwino, komabe kusamba pansi. Koma si choncho. Inaonongeka Mercury thermometer - izi ndi loopsa kwambiri kwa aliyense m'nyumbamo. Chiphe Mercury nthuzi amayamba mwamsanga pamene thunthu la galasi babu losindikizidwa imagwera panja. Funso limene neutralizes Mercury, amaziralira ku maziko, kupereka njira kwa funso mmene chisiyeni. Akuyamba kusesa, zikugwirizana zingalowe m'malo zotsukira, nsanza achinyezi. Koma zimene anthu amakonda amati kuyeretsa, ntchito koletsedwa, kuchotsa inaonongeka thermometer.

Mercury - madzi ndi kusonkhanitsa Mwachitsanzo, ngati dongo mpira sizigwira ntchito, ndi nsalu youma misozi izo, nawonso, ndi zosatheka. Kuyambira nkhonya kuti akuswa kapisozi thermometer, zinthu zimene zimafunika ku particles kakang'ono, zouluka pa malo. tsache ntchito okha pofuna kukwaniritsa zolinga zinthu, kotero nthambi manyuchi kapena bristles kupanga mankhwala enaake mikanda wosweka powomba ngakhale ang'onoang'ono. Iwo sikungakuthandizeni ndi zotsukira zingalowe, chifukwa, pa dzanja limodzi, amachotsa mankhwala enaake, ndi pa zina, pamodzi ndi utsi mpweya mu mawonekedwe a fumbi chabwino atautumizanso mu chipindacho, kuwonjezera pa kuyeretsa Mercury zingalowe m'malo zotsukira adzayenera ndiye kuwataya, kuti ayeretse kuchokera particles zing'onozing'ono Mercury, yatsekera onse tsatanetsatane, sizigwira ntchito.

M'madzi nsanza Mercury kuchotsedwa, ndi tinthu wa mankhwala yapoizoni anayamba ntchito yake, akhoza anagwidwa pansi kagawo mu ulusi mapeyala pamphasa. Ngati chipinda kumene thermometer waphwanya, pali pamphasa pansi kapena pamphasa, iwo savuta akonzanso, atakulungidwa mu nkhungu thumba pulasitiki ndi kuchotsedwa chipinda. Koma ndi mipira kugonana Mercury ndi bwino kuchotsa ndi ochiritsira peyala zachipatala kusonkhanitsa Mercury mumtsuko galasi.

Kukonza wa wosweka Mercury thermometer pa masitepe

Ngati pali thermometer wosweka, zoyenera kuchita? Yankho la funso limeneli mudzangokhala cha malangizo otsatirawa:

• Kuti mupewe chipinda, koma ku nyumba, mabanja onse, kuphatikizapo nyama kokayenda mpaka ntchito udzatha.
• Kutseka chitseko cha chipinda.
• Tsegulani mazenera onse zosatseka. The inflow mpweya ozizira achangu Mercury evaporation ndi kuchepetsa ndende zake.
• Kuvala chigoba opaleshoni ndi bwino makina ndi Golovesi kusintha mu zovala, umene chisoni kusiya pambuyo kukonza.
• Konzani zachipatala peyala - syringe, galasi mtsuko ndi zolimba wononga chipewa, permanganate potaziyamu kapena oyeretsa madzi ozizira.
• Yambitsani kuyatsa kuwala, monga mankhwala enaake - chonyezimira zitsulo, ndipo zidzakhala bwino kuonekera kuwala.
• Mercury yabwino kwambiri kusonkhanitsa mipira, woyamwa ndi syringe ndi kugwera mu mtsuko ndi; phunziro ili zachipatala mosavuta wachotsa Mercury ku ming'alu pansi ndi pansi baseboards lapansi. Pali ayamikira kukonza Mercury zitsulo waya, mapepala, koma Mercury zonse amazembera ndi kugwa padera ku m'malovu chabwino pa pang'ono osasamalira kayendedwe, choncho yabwino kwambiri syringe kunyumba kanthu.
• Pambuyo Mercury anasonkhana malo thermometer wagwetsedwa, m'pofunika pokonza njira nsanganizo za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - potaziyamu permanganate kapena chlorine, kufalitsa ndi madzi ozizira.
• Bank ndi Mercury anasonkhana, syringe, zigawo za thermometer wosweka, gauze bandeji, chigoba, zovala ayenera amati ndi SES, kumene iwo akuyenera kuvomereza kuti yobwezeretsanso. Tayani mu zinyalala zinthu izi Mulimonsemo zosatheka.

Kuti neutralizes ndi Mercury?

Mercury - mankhwala owopsa kwa amoyo. Zimatanthauza kalasi 1 ngozi malinga ndi chikalata normative - GOST 17.4.1.02-83. Anakonza demercurization Mercury mu lonse mafakitale - ufa sulfure. Iwo ubwera ndi zitsulo mu mankhwala anachita, lisanduke pawiri sanali oyaka - mercuric sulfide. mankhwala ndi kale mokwanira zosavuta kuchotsa chifukwa olimba, mosiyana ndi madzi kwambiri zitsulo norovyaschie kuwanditsa kukhudza aliyense pa mikanda ang'ono.

Kunyumba, zikhalidwe zomwezo, pali kawirikawiri ufa sulfure kukonza wosweka Mercury thermometer. Koma Mercury ndi potaziyamu permanganate, kapena Mercury ndi chlorine munali detergents adzakhala n'chongoletsa zoipa madzi zitsulo. Inde, ndi bwino poyamba kuchotsa Mercury monga mosamala ngati n'kotheka, kenako mankhwala kapena permanganate potaziyamu pamalo onse mu chipinda. Kugonana mungakhoze basi kutsanulira njira kuikapo maganizo a detergent chlorine munali Mwachitsanzo kwa disinfection wa zimbudzi. Re modabwitsa "kuyeretsa" ndi bwino amathera tsiku.

Chabwino n'chiti - chlorine kapena potaziyamu permanganate?

Ndi kokha mwa mafilimu tsoka kapena nkhani zochititsa ngwazi zikuoneka kuti onse amene amapulumutsa ndi amawapulumutsa ku imfa. Mu moyo, nthawi zonse yapadera ndi bwino kuchita zonse ndekha ndi mosamala, popanda kudalira thandizo kunja, chifukwa yekha mu m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndi utumiki, ndi mwaukadaulo chinkhoswe mu kutaya banja zinyalala zoweta woopsawo ndi kukonza malinga ndi kuopsa anauka. Kuti pamanja tichotse zotsatira zowawa za thermometer wosweka, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira pa dzanja palibe sakhala ogwira kuposa akatswiri zipangizo.

N'chongoletsa zatsalira kwa Mercury kungakhale potaziyamu permanganate kapena zothetsa kuthimbirira. Solutions ayenera anaikira, choncho ndithu caustic. Mu 1 lita imodzi ya yankho la permanganate potaziyamu ayenera kutsanulira 1 supuni ya vinyo wosasa ndi kuwonjezera 1 supuni ya mchere wamba. Potaziyamu permanganate kuyeretsa adzakhala mtundu pafupifupi wakuda, ndipo ndithu kusiya chizindikiro kukoma pansi. yabwino ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala chlorine ofotokoza kuyeretsa ndi disinfection wa nyumba, yemweyo 'whiteness' mwachitsanzo. Izi zikutanthauza pambuyo Mercury amaliona pamwamba kwa mphindi 15, ndiye rinsing ndi madzi woyera. kuyeretsa ayenera mobwerezabwereza Nthawi zambiri mwa masabata 2-3.

Mtendere nthawi zonse

Choncho, Mercury thermometer akadali inaonongeka. Koma Demercurization mwachita bwino mosamala zinthu zonse oopsa kuwataya monga mwa malamulo gulu lapadera polimbana ndi mavuto ofanana. Ndipo kuwatsimikizira okha ndi nyumba yawo kuti aone zotsatira, mungagwiritse ntchito yapadera Mercury nthuzi chowunikira. Ndi mayeso Mzere, imene mogwirizana ndi Mercury nthuzi kusintha mtundu. Ndi mtengo ndi angakwanitse njira kutsimikizira chitetezo cha malo, inu kuitana akatswiri kuchita kafukufuku N'chimodzimodzinso panyumba. Malangizo ntchito n'kupanga mayeso Ufumuyo lililonse ya chowunikira, ndipo zikhoza kugulidwa m'masitolo zapaderazi.