Kutentha lophimba: chiwembu, mfundo ya ntchito amaikidwa

Protection zida zamagetsi ku muyeso katundu matenthedwe kulandirana amapereka. Popanda mawaya kuti overheat, chifukwa zoopsa msanga wa kutchinjiriza ndi.

Mfundo ntchito

matenthedwe kulandirana ntchito ndi kusagwirizana dera pamene panopa likuyenderera mu kuposa mwadzina. zida imakhala termopodogrevatelya kudzera zomwe magetsi inawadutsa chitadutsa, ndi mbale wa bimetal, amene olumala pa Kutentha ndi amatsegula ojambula unyolo. The apamwamba pano, liwiro ntchito.

Pambuyo lotseguka dera thermocouple amazizira amabwerera boma wapachiyambi.

Mitundu machenjerero a fuser ndi

Matenthedwe kulandirana ukugwira ntchito kupyolera ziwembu awiri:

• ojambula kusinthitsa atsekedwa kumbuyo mphamvu;
• chiwembu ndi bwererani paokha.

Chimake choyamba chikukhudza matenthedwe zoteteza kulandirana (mu atomu contactors, breakers dera neri Al.). wachiwiri ntchito kutentha malamulo zinthu machitidwe (a firiji, yachitsulo, mkangano pansi neri Al.).

The mbale bimetallic pa kuchimwa amachita pa magulu kukhudzana, amene amatsegula dera magetsi. Chifukwa cha otsika ayankhe liwiro chipangizo si kuzimitsa Arc ndi anthu a mtima. Mu zipangizo lero kulandirana ntchito, kukula lotseguka dera liwiro.

Mitundu yolandirana matenthedwe

yolandirana matenthedwe amasankhidwa pa mwadzina galimoto katundu choposa icho mwa 20-30%. Zoterezi zimamuchulukira tripping pambuyo 20 min. The mbale bimetallic sags pang'onopang'ono. Pa nkhani imeneyi, iwo ukuchita pa zikhomo mwa mofulumira chipangizo (kukhudzana bouncing). Zotsatirazi mitundu ya kulandirana matenthedwe.

1. RTP - kuteteza Motors gawo atatu ndi thermoelements pa mafunde mpaka 600 A ndi DC voteji Intaneti mpaka 150 A. The mbale bimetal ndi usavutike ndi chotenthetsera ndipo panopa loyenda therethrough. yoyendetsa masiku ano pamanja kusintha ndi mapindikidwe koyamba kwa mbale. Bwezerani ndi kukanikiza batani, koma pali Baibulo ndi kudzikonda resetting.
2. RTL - kutetezela gawo atatu Motors kupatsidwa ulemu ndi zimamuchulukira yaitali, gawo unbalance pamene ozungulira jamming, kapena kuyamba kwambiri. Izi zikachitika, ntchito magetsi zochotsa njira, mapampu, mafani ndi makina ena. Kulandirana anaikapo mu sitata, ndi kupanga zipangizo payekha.
3. PTT - m'gulu la zida za chitetezo cha siteji atatu Motors kupatsidwa ulemu ndi zimamuchulukira yaitali, gawo unbalance, etc. Iwo akhoza ophatikizidwa mu .. actuators Maginito mu AC ndi DC madera.

Control ndi kasinthidwe

The yolandirana electrothermal akhale nthawi kuika mtengo bokosibode. Choyamba anayendera ndi zipangitsa m'nyumba zawo anakonzeratu kutentha. Pamene Pendani mmene ojambula, bimetal mbale, zinthu yolusa ndi njira.

Yoika kutentha imodzi chosinthika kupanga kwa kuwonjezeka kapena mwayamba kufooka, aliyense Chigawo cha sikelo ya limafanana Kusintha kwa 10 ° C. Ngati yolandirana ali kutentha malipilo, palibe kusintha chofunika.

Kusintha wapangidwa ntchito pa kuwonjezereka zisanu ndi khola mu _nom. Ndi zipangizo otsika inertia adamulowetsa mu imeneyi ya 0.5-4 m, ndi lalikulu - kuchokera masekondi 4 mpaka 25. Ndiye, ndi kupanga ukuwonjezeka panopa kuchokera 1.2 kuti Ine _nom. Yolandirana kotero kusagwirizana ojambula 20 min.

thermostats yosavuta

Kutentha lophimba akhoza Kulengedwa zochokera madera a pakompyuta amene ntchito kukhalabe anakonzeratu kutentha mode kompyuta, malo, chofungatira ndi T. D. Kuti imodzi izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, dera limene limapangidwa sensa ndi ongokhala kuyeza ndi Buku poluplecha thermistor R ₂ resistors R _1, R _3, R _4.

Pamene kusintha kutentha zimasiyanasiyana kulimbikira mtengo R _2. Zolakwa chizindikiro akudyetsedwa kwa mlatho kwa Muzifunsa LM393 IC. Mozama mu mode comparator kumene polowera 3 mbendera analogi ndi kusintha mwadzidzidzi kuchoka ake kuchokera boma kuti yogwira ake. Signal ku dera linanena bungwe ndi nakweza ndi transistor Q _1, kenako fani kudzipheralo amapezeka. Akamazizira ndi thermistor, ndiye comparator masiwichi kuchokera fani. Mu njira iyi, kasamalidwe matenthedwe kumachitika kudzera mpweya kuzirala.

Kachipangizo kulamulira kutentha pansi Kutentha

Mfundo zofanana ndi kusamalira dongosolo la pansi magetsi.

The AC voteji 230 ntchito chipangizo athandizira kenako atatembenuzidwa mu chakudya transformerless mphamvu ku nthawi zonse 15 W. The pa pakhomo limanenedwa wogawira R _4, R _5, R _9. Pamene pansi ozizira, R ₉ thermistor kulimbana ndi 10 ohms. Pa TL431 zener alandira chizindikiro pamwamba 2.5 volts unyolo VD _3, R _6, HL _2, U _1. Umboni wa zimenezi zachitika diode HL _2. Triac vs ₁ anatembenukira ndi voteji amaperekedwa kwa Kutentha pansi. Pamene kutentha kwake kufika phindu loti aphe thermistor kukana R ₉ (kachipangizo) ndi utachepa kuti Zener diode pa ulamuliro mtengo athandizira chizindikiro amakhala zosakwana 2.5 V. TL431 zokhoma kwa iwo optosimistor triac. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, chotenthetsera unit deactivated. Atangomva pansi akuyamba kuziziritsa, ndondomeko akubwerezedwa.

The osachepera ndi kutentha pazipita walembedwa ndi resistors R ₄ ndi R _5. Kusintha pakhomo kusintha pambuyo unsembe wa kachipangizo R _9. Ake m'katikati pakati pa coils muzitentha. Mphamvu linanena bungwe, opareshoni ndi kulandirana ikukhudzana amadalira ubwino kulimbikira R _7.

Upcoming malo kachipangizo anatseka chubu shrinkable, ndi kusindikizidwa ndi chingwe chimango kapena zomatira wosanjikiza. Mawuwo ndi bwino kuika mu mkuwa wamanja, mudzaze ndi epoxy utomoni. Top lokutidwa pansi matailosi.

Kodi kugwirizanitsa imodzi kuti chotenthetsera ndi, Tingaone mu chithunzi, amene ankaimira pa thupi la zitsanzo zambiri. Izo zikhoza kupezeka mu kulongosola chipangizo.

Industrial imodzi chifukwa chotenthetsera akhoza osankhidwa mitundu zotsatirazi:

• electromechanical - ndi Buku lophimba Yambitsaninso;
• digito - kulamulira imagwiridwa mabatani imalandira kapena chogwirika, ndi zofunika (kutentha panopa ndi zoikamo) Timasonyeza pachionetsero cha;
• programmable - ndi chotenthetsera kolowera pulogalamu kwa nthawi anakonzeratu ndipo chosonyeza olamulidwa ndi kompyuta.

Pomaliza

Pali njira zambiri momwe kulumikiza ndi kulandirana matenthedwe zipangizo. Poyamba, iwo anali kusonkhanitsa manja awo. Tsopano mu msika, mukhoza kusankha imodzi amene chiwembu ndi optimally ngati kuti chotenthetsera (boilers magetsi, ofunda pansi ndi ena.). Nkofunika kupereka zofunika magwiridwe, kudalirika ndi chitetezo ntchito.