Kusankhana mitundu - Ndani uyu?

Kusankhana mitundu - munthu kukhulupirira chapamwamba thupi ndi maganizo a ena mafuko ena, ndi kuti kusiyana ndi yofunika kwambiri zomwe m'mbiri ndiponso chikhalidwe cha anthu osiyanasiyana.

Kusankhana mitundu Masiku ano

Masiku ano, pamene gawo lalikulu mwapang'onopang'ono m'dera mtima mfundo za demokalase otchuka komanso ndi lingaliro la zipani za maganizo ndi malingaliro. Izi zikutanthauza kuti view aliyense, kutanthauzira kwa mbiri ndondomeko, andale kuyenda ndi mankhwala ena a maganizo a anthu ali ndi ufulu kulibe ndi kuteteza malo awo kudzera mwa lamulo. Mu dera ndale ndi mayiko kulengeza dongosolo demokalase ndi mphamvu, iyo akusonyeza coexistence mtendere izo maphwando ndi kayendedwe ka mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Komabe, m'pofunika kuti zipani ndi kulolerana sangakhoze konse anawonjezera kuti maganizo misanthropic. M'njira imeneyi, ya "kusankhana mitundu" - ndi bwino kutsimikiza oipa, ndi anthu, akuyitanira mchitidwe wosala anthu ndi osiyana khungu (diso mawonekedwe) , kapena zambiri zimene chosemphana ndi iwo ndithudi, tikhala ndi udindo pamaso pa lamulo.

Mbiri ya tsankho

M'mbali kuti oimira osiyana mitundu anthu ndi wosiyana mu nzeru zawo, panali nthawi yayitali. Ndipo, kwenikweni, iye anabadwa kangapo, mwamsanga pamene panali nthumwi za chitukuko chosiyana ndi kusiyana osiyana kunja. Komabe, kwa nthawi yaitali, kusankhana mitundu sakhala mu nzeru lililonse pa malo amene munazipereka, panalibe ulamuliro makamaka wa oimira mtundu umodzi kuposa wina, ndipo kachiwiri, chabe sanafunike. Iwo anatuluka okha m'nyengo ya colonialism ndi misa kutembenuka azungu anthu a mu Africa akapolo awo. Mwambo umenewu ayenera kuyesedwa wolungama mwa diso anthu, ndi kapolo eni okha. Chinthu choyamba ndi kulungamitsidwa ankafunsira mu Baibulo, mu nkhani ya Nowa anatemberera ana a Hamu - ankati anthu ambiri mu Africa. Choyamba sayansi kusankhana mitundu - Mfalansa Zhozef Gobino. Munthu uyu ali ku pakati pa XIX atumwi, anali tate wa kulungamitsidwa sayansi ndi lochitira za mafuko anthu. Chifukwa cha mfundo kuzipenya ake othandiza anapita, momwe pa chitukuko wasiya Europe nthawi ino - zachuma, nkhondo, chikhalidwe ndi ndale - kuchokera chitukuko cha m'mayiko ena. Malinga Gobineau, zinali chifukwa cha ntchito yoyambirira ya otchedwa Masewerera a Nordic mtundu mu luso aluntha.

Cacikulu, theka lachiwiri la XIX zaka zoyambirira za m'ma XX anali nthawi ya chitukuko ndi ongolankhula kulungamitsidwa ya tsankho. Mu 1860-1870-ntchentche, pambuyo achire wa ukapolo ku United States, ili pachimake tsankho pakati pa asilikali demobilized ndi asilikari a gulu lankhondo kum'mwera. atsankho American Zikuoneka kuti ife miinjiro yoyera ndi nyumba ndi. Oyimira a Ku Klux Klan chifukwa cha kutalika kwa zinthu zake kukhala mmodzi wa zilembo zazikulu za kukuchititsa zimenezi. Komabe, wotchuka kwambiri membala wa ideologist ndi zikhulupiriro za wotsika a mafuko ena ndi anthu ndi Adolf Hitler. Mwatsoka, kulimbikira umbuli wake mu kopitilira muyeso-amakono Russia akupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito ikuimira wa Nazi Party mu Ngakhale kuti Nazi zosalongosoka likukhudza Asilavo mpikisano. Monga counterargument ofooka kwambiri atsankho Russian ndi ochokera kwa malankhulidwe a alonda German, kukopana ndi othandiza m'deralo ndipo nthawi zina ananena kuti akufuna kumva. Komabe, atagonjetsedwa ya National Socialist German tsankho anapitiriza thanzi labwino kwa nthawi yaitali zina za dziko. Choncho, mu nthawi ya kusankhana mitundu atsankho Republic South Africa - si lakuti zauve. Koma atsankho analipo mpaka mma 1990.