Kuluka pepala: katswiri kagulu oyamba (chithunzi)

Nsugwi zinthu zinali zotchuka nthawi zonse. Basi ife tisanakhale ntchito makungwa, mphesa, msondodzi nthambi, ndipo tsopano iwo m'malo mwa wamba nyuzipepala, magazini ndi mapepala. nkhani TACHIMATA banga, lacquer, umene ndi onyenga nkhuni dongosolo.

Izi ndi otchuka kuluka pepala. Master kalasi kwa oyamba kuphimba ndizosowa luso, monga zambiri pa izo zili zotayana mu zidutswa pa zinthu zonse zitheka ndi maphunziro onse pa ntchito zamanja kuluka anapangidwa kuti anthu ndi nzeru zofunika.

zakuthupi

Plaiting muyenera pepala, masingano, utoto, banga, varnish, zikatoni, zomatira, mpeni malo. Ntchito yabwino nyuzipepala, magazini, ofesi ndi pepala fax. masikono lililonse limatisokoneza kuwapeza nyuzipepala, ndi zobisika kwambiri, zotanuka - magazini ndi pepala ofesi.

Chonde dziwani: chimodzi nyuzipepala zitasintha ayenera masikono anayi (m'lifupi kutalika - zosaposa 7-12 cm). Ofesi pepala kusema n'kupanga yopapatiza m'lifupi masentimita 2-3.

Kuyesera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu, ndiye zapadera kuluka pepala. Timatheriyali mu luso angalenge zosiyanasiyana - kuchokera trays ndi mapanelo ndi kumalizitsa ndi zithunzi za zinyama ndi ziwiya.

Ambuye ntchito masingano a makulidwe osiyana. Kusankha zimadalira zamanja Mwachitsanzo, kwa pepala zofunika analankhula № 2-3, ndi mapepala ofesi - kuwonjezera. Pakuti ndizosowa zamanja kupindika wandiweyani timachubu, ndi kumanga - zofewa.

Kujambula, banga, kusankha pa maziko a lalabala (ndi wothandizila mowa uphwetsa msanga, koma zimapangitsa chubu cha kachilomboka). utoto wasukuluka ndi zomatira woyera (2: 1 kapena 3: 1). Mtundu kapena mankhwala pambuyo ntchito kapena workpiece isanafike ndondomeko kulenga. Koma zamanja yomalizidwa nthawi topaka zomatira, masamba youma. Only pa gawo lotsiriza la varnish ake. Makatoni ntchito polenga yomalizidwa pansi kapena mphamvu anakhumba mawonekedwe.

Kuluka pepala: katswiri kagulu oyamba

Monga masikono kukolola:

• deploying pepala kutalika;
• pindani;
• kudula ndi mpeni pamodzi kutalika lonse;
• pindani zigawo kachiwiri analandira;
• tinkadula utali wonse;
• mtundu n'kupanga mu mulu osiyana ndi m'mphepete woyera (edging nyuzipepala pa chiyambi ndi mapeto a pepalalo);
• kuika pepala pamaso pawo;
• kutenga 2 mm singano;
• kuika singano pa makona a madigiri 30-45 poyerekeza ndi pepala ya;
• kukulunga ngodya ya pepala;
• mokoma kupotokola singano, kugwirana manja a machubu m'mphepete;
• otsala m'dera mafuta ndi zomatira ndi phala.

Ducts ayenera kukhala ofewa kapena okonda Choncho akamagwira "pafupifupi" kuluka pepala. Pakuti oyamba, analenga gulu la Maphunziro kanema pa kupotoza, koma popanda kuchita, iwo amakhala opanda ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, kwa khungu ndi mapanelo makamaka ambuye kupotokola ndodo okhwima zinthu kakang'ono kukongoletsa kukolola woonda timachubu, kumene m'lifupi Mzere mwina zosakwana miyambo masentimita asanu. Kuyetsa, kusankha makulidwe machubu ake.

Onani kuti pamene mpeni kudula notches anapanga, amene kumathandiza kupotoza yoyenera. Choncho kafukufuku pamaso ntchito: yesani mapepala awiri odulidwa pepala mu yopingasa ndi kotenga mikwingwirima, kuona njira zimene sakhala zisamayoyoke. Ndi chifukwa cha gawo ndi barbs ang'onoang'ono chubu ipitirirabe popanda vuto.

Kuluka Paper: sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo pa kupotoza ndi kupenta

kumalekezero akhale onse kupotoza timitengo, ndi zina kale. Choncho pamene kuluka handicrafts mwa kulowetsa buildup zikachitika, ndiye pali malo yopapatiza ndi anaikapo mu lonse. Ngati malekezero ndinu yemweyo, ndiye m'mphepete munthu flattened, wothinikizidwa ndi anaikapo.

ambuye ambiri pa likukula mofulumira mtengo popanda zomatira, chabe kumanga ndodo mu atatu centimeter yozama ena. ubwino wina adzagwa dontho la zomatira mu chubu ndi mapeto lonse ndi ndodo yopapatiza patsogolo ndi masentimita atatu.

Pali chinsinsi bwanji kuti kupindika uli wachangu, ndipo kuluka anali zofewa. Patsogolo ntchito machubu nyuzipepala kufalikira mu mzere ndi kuyesedwa ndi pini kugudubuzika. Iwo likukhalira kuti aliyense mbuye "wake" kuluka pepala.

Master kalasi kwa machubu oyamba kupenta

• Yoyamba njira. Mapepala kujambula pamaso ntchito, ndiye youma, kusema n'kupanga ndi kupindika mu chubu.
• Yachiwiri njira. Kupotoza Wand, aliyense burashi kujambula payokha. Oyenera mankhwala ngati mukufuna citsanzo zachilendo.
• Njira yachitatu. Pangani zamanja, ndiye kukongoletsa ndi kuluka erratically kapena burashi.

Njira ankaudaya misa

• The njira yachinayi. Tengani chubu, kukulunga kumalekezero a stub lapansi. Thirani banga. Tengani mtolo wa machubu (amene ali lotayirira mu chitoliro a), kuviika mu banga woyamba m'mphepete ndiyeno ena. Ngati Seredka osati kujambula pa, ndiye bulashi malo promazhte. chubu chofunika pamwamba mpaka banga. Pankhaniyi, nthawi wapulumutsidwa, koma muyenera ntchito pa msewu. -Kawiri chubu, musati kuviika banga, monga iwo anasintha.
• The njira wachisanu. Tengani chubu lonse anatseka pa mbali zonse za mapulagi lapansi. Zadulidwa kuti thireyi. Chitoliro kutalika zimadalira kukula ndodo. Thirani utoto mu thireyi. The udzudzu ukonde aganyali cha nkhumi, ndisunse zingapo njira. Perekani kukhetsa zotsala, lili pa chingwe.

Utoto angagwiritsidwe ntchito vodoemulsionku, inki, chakudya mitundu kwa dzira. Ngati inu anasintha mtundu zoipa, komabe apitiriza yokhotakhota pepala. Dengu, mwachitsanzo, akhoza kukhala a mtundu uliwonse, monga kusokoneza kuluka n'kuyamba decoupage.

Zinsinsi ntchito ndi machubu

Chonde dziwani kuti mtundu amakhala opepuka pamene youma. Yonseyi ndi timitengo ena, kupanga chitsanzo anakhumba limachokera kapena chotsirizidwa anakhumba mthunzi. Kodi si youma mpaka mouma. Pang'ono chinyontho ukapita timitengo, kukulunga phukusi m'njira yakuti malekezero onse anali panja. M'nyengo yozizira, iwo akhoza kusungidwa mu kuzizira.

Pepala timitengo muyenera kukhala okonzeka kusintha, ndipo pambuyo kupenta, iwo timauma ndi Chimaona. Choncho, nthawi yomweyo pambuyo penti machubu ayenera kuyamba kuluka pepala. Madengu, mabokosi, mbale akhoza kuwapeza youma machubu wachikuda mlandu pamaso pakati pa ntchito inu kumamatira ndi madzi opanda sprayed ndi ntchito kutsitsi kuchokera kumbali zonse.

Atakulungidwa iwo mu nsalu yonyowa (malekezero kunja) kapena mu thumba. Kukolola kamodzi ambiri timachubu, kuti m'kupita kwa ntchito popanda kudodometsedwa ndi kupotoza.

Pamene kuluka amatengedwa ngakhale ndi wosamvetseka angapo machubu. Inali pa mbali kumene wosamvetseka nambala ya timitengo, ntchito ayamba. "Wosamvetseka" chubu kupindika padziko aliyense. Mwamsanga pamene kutalika umatha, kumanga Wand latsopano.

mitundu ya kuluka

Pakuti zogula zakuthupi udzatha, tsopano kuluka pepala. Master kalasi kwa oyamba pa luso lake lapatsidwa pansipa.

• Zambiri wamba kuluka. Kuchikoletsa tubule ngati njoka, inu mupite iliyonse maziko ndodo. Ndiko kuti, chimakwirira m'munsi, ndiye kali kuseri ake. Ngati mukufuna kubwerera, ndiye kuluka ali yemweyo, koma kwina.
• Plain yokhotakhota mizere. Chithunzi zimasiyanasiyana kudutsa mizere angapo. Ndiko kuti, inu kutenga ndodo imodzi, anadutsa yokhotakhota yosavuta. chubu lotsatira lagona monga momwe woyamba. Choncho pita kuzilingalira kangapo. Ndiye kuchepetsa chitsanzo, kumene kuli maziko ali kuluka, ikhala free, ndipo winayo ndi kuluka nthawi zambiri monga chitsanzo choyamba.
• Zambiri opendekera kuluka. Aliyense chubu akuyamba ndi watsopano ndodo-zapansi diagonally. Likukhalira oblique (okonda) chitsanzo.
• Zambiri opendekera yokhotakhota mizere. Monga mu chitsanzo yopingasa, analemba timitengo angapo, ndipo atsopano amene anathawira pamodzi chitsanzo bwalo.

mitundu ya yokhotakhota

Tipitirize kuganizira kuluka pepala (a mbuye kalasi kupanga dongosolo):

• Magawo kuluka. Ikukhala ngati mndandanda kuluka, ntchito chimabwera ndi machubu ochepa pa nthawi yake. Kuti imwe munadza yomweyo amakhala awiri entwine maziko a mizati inayi, kusiya timitengo pamalo anamuukitsa. Pitani pa mndandanda watsopano wa nkhuni ziwiri. Izi mobwerezabwereza kangapo, kenako nkubwerera ku mzere pachiyambi.
• Poryadovoe kuluka. Aliyense chubu umachitika kuluka wamba mpaka ikutha. Latsopano Wand amavalidwa kumapeto kwa woyamba ufulu kumanga mmwamba. Chifukwa malekezero wochepa thupi wandiweyani a chubu kulenga wokongola opendekera mzere.
• Square yokhotakhota. Machubu criss-mtanda zapansi lachiwiri bola ngati chitsanzo umalandira kukula kwa mtunda wa pakati pa nsanamira.
• Openwork kuluka. ntchito ndi imodzi mwa njira, ndi zina imeneyi analilumpha khungu, kusiya lotseguka pachithandara. Kusiyanitsa dongosolo ndi asterisk ndi, mzati, ndi rhombus, ndi mphero.

Machinery ndi kuluka zinsinsi

Chitsanzo aliyense amene anachitika kuluka wake chingwe kapena kuluka. Tiyeni tikambirane "zoteteza" pepala kuluka (masiteji kulongosola Chitsanzo madengu).

• Yokhotakhota chingwe. Chubu kupindika padziko osati kuima, komanso Wand wotsatira. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito amapita ku zinthu zinayi. machubu onse pansi maziko ake. Kenako, ndodo woyamba chimafikira pakati pa wachitatu ndi wachinayi bala, criss-kudutsa machubu zonse zinayi. Otsatidwa ndi miyambo ya ntchito udzachitika chimodzimodzi. Likukhalira ngati pigtail.
• Yokhotakhota mangongo. mangongo onyenga trailing payokha ndiyeno glued kuti mankhwala. M'mphepete pigtail analenga kuchokera ku (tubules osati kuchikoletsa) chikombole.

Chonde dziwani kuti malukidwe a machubu akuyamba ndi mapeto wandiweyani kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja. Kuti mupeze mawonekedwe loti aphe pachithandara nip ku nkhani ankafunila (mbiya, ndi ndowa, katoni, ndi zina zotero. D.). The chotsirizidwa modzala topaka zomatira woyera (wokhala kapena wopanda utoto), "kuika" pakuti mawonekedwe ankafunila ndi zouma. Ndiye, chifukwa kupenta ndi ❖ kuyanika varnish mankhwala a machubu adzakhala okongola ndi amphamvu.

kupanga mabasiketi

Atsopano yabwino kuyamba ndi chinthu chosavuta (mwachitsanzo, mawindo, mafelemu, mapanelo) kuphunzitsa dzanja mu kupotoza machubu ndi yokhotakhota kumveka. Mukhoza pite ku yokhotakhota zovuta za pepala (horseshoe, mtima, bokosi, belu). Taonani mbuye kalasi mu kuluka dengu yosavuta popanda chivindikiro ndi khasu.

Kupulumutsa ntchito pa madengu kuluka, ntchito pansi makatoni. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kutenga phunziro la mawonekedwe ankafunila, pansi pa bwalo pa makatoni a. Dulani zidutswa ziwiri. Kuzilongosola yomweyo (muiike pa wallpaper kujambula kapena kutsatira decoupage).

Pa hafu m'munsi wa m'mphepete, angagwirizanitse filimu kudziona zomatira. Tsopano kumata pa chubu nyuzipepala. Mtunda pakati pa iwo sayenera kuposa 2-3 masentimita. Izi ndi ulamuliro zoyambirira za luso (mwachitsanzo, maganizo kuluka wa pepala).

Amayimira zolembera, chimango chithunzi, chipewa - kuthyolako aliyense ayenera kukhala mtunda wa pakati pa nsanamira zosaposa masentimita atatu. mfundo ndi yakuti yaikulu kusiyana kumabweretsa friability ndi fragility la mankhwala.

Oyenda Pansi anapitiriza

Pafupi ndi pansi ndi machubu ntchito PVA zomatira, kuphimba pansi wachiwiri, anaika pamwamba pa katundu ndi kusiya usiku. Tsopano kudutsa mizere iwiri ya "chingwe" ndi yokhotakhota poyimitsa yosavuta. Pambuyo pake, inu mawonekedwe pansi, limene yokhotakhota angatero, ndi katundu (katundu zofunika kukonza pa pansi pa masikito). Ngati inu tingoyamba kuluka mpanda wa pansi zikatoni, dengu zidzakuyenderani mabowo kuti ayenera azikongoletsa.

Kukacha chubu, kupitiriza ntchito mpaka mpaka mufika pamwamba ankafuna. Komanso Opletaev kapena kupatukana analemba pigtail, gluing ku maziko a. Mfundo imeneyi amachokera kuluka mabokosi pepala ndi chivindikiro.

Pali njira ina kuluka pansi amakona anayi ndi tepi ndi nyuzipepala machubu. Mtundu akufanana ntchito ya mphasa wa n'kupanga pepala. Only mu nkhani iyi, inu kutenga chitoliro kuposa wina, ndi awiri kapena atatu mu amodzi umodzi. Mwachitsanzo, magulu anayi timitengo kugona pansi. Ndiyeno anaika timitengo atatu kudutsa.

Machubu zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo pamwamba pa magulu anayi kotero kuti zofuna zawo zinali pakati m'munsi. Tsopano onse mizere ya kuluka riboni kapena ndodo zofewa. Pamenepo inu kuyenda yopingasa ndodo gulu, criss-Kuoloka kwa tepi. Kugwiritsa ntchito machubu mtundu, n'zotheka kupeza dongosolo lapachiyambi.

Pansi ayi, atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena, ngati awiri. Ndiye malo onse akwezeke, entwine ndi "chingwe", kusintha yosalala mpanda mankhwala. Thireyi ndi mulingo woyenera kuluka pepala. Sitepe ndi sitepe zithunzi za madengu lalikulu kuluka limasonyeza bwino akamanena za ntchito. Kukolola machubu ndi kulenga.

Ngati inu simunayambe ntchito ndi machubu nyuzipepala, kuyamba ndi njira yosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, aja. Mwachidule kupotoza ndodo zazikulu pamodzi kutalika kwa theka pa zenera. Mangani mfundo iwiri mbali zonse za aliyense Wand, pakupita kuchokera m'mbali mwa masentimita 3-4. Mu kugwira ntchito, "seams" ndi TACHIMATA ndi zomatira.

Mangani pamwamba pa mphete kwa makatani (iwo adzakhala wokwera khungu) ndi kuzungulira komwe kudzakhala kotheka kuika mayina zopotoka, ngati n'koyenera. The chotsirizidwa ndi penti, varnished. Tsopano mukhoza kuyesa yokhotakhota yosavuta pa alendo ang'ono ndi kupitiriza kwa m'dengu.