Kukana Internal ndi tanthauzo lake thupi

Aliyense gwero panopa ali mkati yake kukana. The magetsi dera - chatsekedwa dera ndi ogula limene voteji ndi ntchito. Aliyense mizere ali kunja ndi mkati kukana.

kukana kunja kwa dera lonse amatchedwa kasitomala ndi ochititsa, ndi kukana mkati akubwera kuchokera ku gwero.

Ngati gwero panopa ali ndi makina magetsi, ndiye impedance ake mkati lagawidwa m'thupimu, inductive ndi capacitive. Kondakitala yogwira zimadalira m'litali ndi makulidwe, ndi zinthu zomwe wochititsa, ndi chikhalidwe chake. Inductive zimadalira koyilo inductance (ukulu wake emf) ndi capacitance kwaiye pakati ankasinthana wa windings wa. Ndi yaing'ono. Ngati gwero ndi batire ochiritsira, kulimbikira chifukwa electrolyte yake analenganso.

Current - ndi anatsogoleredwa kayendedwe ka particles ndi kukana - ndi kulenga chinthu cholepheretsa kayendedwe ake. mavuto amenewa ali nawo mu electrolyte ndi mbale kutsogolera wa mabatire, Mwachidule, kumene panopa.

Chifukwa chakuti pali kukana mkati mwa gwero lake, sikutheka kukhulupirira kuti mavuto unyolo - ichi ndi gwero wathunthu wa mphamvu electromotive. Kumene, ndi voteji dontho pa gwero akhoza ananyalanyaza, koma pamene izo ndi negligible.

Ngati magulidwe akatundu ndi mafunde kwambiri, voteji akayakaya akhoza kukhala woona electromotive mphamvu. Panopa mu gwero - ndi chizindikiro dontho la voteji mu izo. Pankhaniyi, lamulo la Kirchhoff, umene umati woona EMF unyolo - ndi Uwerenge voteji akutsikira m'madera onse, kuphatikizapo pa gwero. chilinganizo A kwalembedwa monga:

E = ΣU + Iri r Mukhoza

kumene:

E - okwana electromotive mphamvu ya dera la;
U - voteji dontho pa zigawo dera;
Iri - mkati panopa opangidwa ndi gwero;
r Mukhoza - mkati gwero impedance.

Kuti timvetse tanthauzo thupi la kulimbikira mkati mwa gwero, pazikhala ena zinachitikira. Poyamba anayeza electromotive mphamvu gwero. Izi zachitika polumikiza ndi voltmeter kwa batire, amene si pansi pa katundu. Patatha izi, ndi kukana yaing'ono chikugwirizana mu mndandanda ndipo ammeter akonzedwa. Choncho, panopa tidzakhala anthu odziwika, pamene m'pofunika komanso kuyeza voteji pansi pa katundu.

Monena mfundo za n'zosavuta kudziwa kukana mkati. Kuti tichite zimenezi, choyamba anatsimikiza ndi dontho voteji mu batire la. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira

Uri = EU

Timachita kuwerengetsera.

Mu dongosolo ili:

Uri - kusiya mkati gwero voteji kukana;
E - voteji (electromotive mphamvu) anayeza pa gwero popanda ogula;
U - voteji, anayeza mwachindunji kukana lapansi.

Choncho, kukana mkati ndi kuchita masamu ndi chilinganizo zotsatirazi:

r Mukhoza = Uri / I

Akatswiri ena amanyalanyaza mtengo uwu, poganizira kuti sitingakane chifukwa cha mtengo wochepa. Komabe, kuchita zikusonyeza kuti kwa kuwerengetsera zovuta kukana mkati kwambiri bwanji chifukwa komaliza.