Kodi kukhala wazamalonda munthu mu Russia: sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo

Munthu malonda (IP) - ndi imodzi mwa njira yotchuka kwambiri ya bizinesi kwa tsiku mu Russian Federation, chomwe ndi njira yabwino kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono.

Munthu wazamalonda - nzika anawerengedwa malinga ndi lamulo akuchita malonda popanda bungwe lalamulo. Pa nthawi, achinyamata ambiri safuna kugwira ntchito kwa munthu wina, kulenga mabizinesi awo ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, kutsegula malo ogulitsira ritelo. Onse a iwo nthawi ina m'maganizo: "Ndikufuna kukhala wazamalonda munthu!" Koma anthu ambiri sadziwa pati!

ubwino kudziletsa kulembetsa SP

Poyamba bizinesi oyembekezera wazamalonda akhoza ntchito misonkhano ya Makampani apadera, umene ukugwira zonse nkhani ya tanthauzo la mphotho ndalama. Koma kwa anthu amene akufuna kuti akaphunzire kwambiri ndi kupulumutsa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito misonkhano ya akatswiri, ndi kumvetsa nokha mmene kukhala wazamalonda payekha. Ndipotu m'tsogolo kangapo bizinesi adzakhala pokhudzana ndi akuluakulu zachuma.

Pakuti ulaliki kwambiri mwachilengedwe cha mfundo zimene onse kuti ayenera kutha mayina, ogaŵikana ndime, omwe akufotokoza mmene kukhala wazamalonda. Sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo anapereka m'munsimu.

The aligorivimu ambiri Action

Pakuti munthu mayina monga IP, kuchita zotsatirazi:

1. Sankhani mtundu wa ntchito, chimene idzachitike bizinesi zina.
2. Sankhani dongosolo labwino kwa misonkho.
3. Konzani zikalata zonse zofunikira.
4. Mafomu ofunsira kuti kalembera malonda.
5. Kulipira ndalama za boma.
6. Kugonjera zikalata za msonkho Inspectorate (Inspectorate kwa Federal Tax Service).
7. Pezani zikalata kutsimikizira PI udindo.

ndondomeko izi zochita kuthandiza onse kuti mudziwe mmene kukhala wazamalonda pawekha Russia. mfundo winanso mulamulo kwambiri.

sitepe yoyamba: kusankha zochita

Ndiyeno, kodi kukhala wodziimira? Pati? Mwina, Pantchito yoyamba kuti tiyanjane ndi NACE.

Munthu mayina monga wazamalonda munthu m'boma zinafotokozedwa ndi wotetezedwa utakhala m'tsogolo. pali NACE (chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti achidule - National gulu la Economic Activities) zolinga izi.

Mtundu uliwonse wa choncho malonda nambala wapadera, ndilo SP lotsatira tisaiwale mu zolembedwa. Mndandanda wa NACE zilipo pasadakhale ku ofesi Federal Tax Service kapena pa webusaiti ake.

Kuyambira 2015 malamulo Russian adzatenga mmene NACE 2, amene adzaona ntchito ndi IP LLC. M'chigawo chino classifier 21 omwe magulu 88.

NACE malamulo Angatanthauze kalasi, subclass, gulu, subgroup ndi mtundu wa ntchito. Choncho, chingakhale manambala awiri, atatu, anayi, asanu kapena asanu. Koma Dziwani kuti ntchito kuti kalembera wa IP sangakhale manambala zosakwana zinayi, kutanthauza kuti wazamalonda ayenera kudziwa kalasi ndi subclass wa gululo.

SP akhoza kusankha zizindikiro zingapo (50), motero kusonyeza mmodzi wa iwo monga zikuluzikulu (ndalama ntchito izi kuti oposa 60% ya ndalama okwana).

Tikumbukenso kuti pali zizindikiro NACE imene wazamalonda ayenera wabwereka. Choncho, ndi mndandanda wa ntchito chiphatso Amalimbikitsidwanso kuwerenga.

Kumvetsa mmene kukhala wazamalonda pawekha 2014 ndi kupeza malamulo yoyenera malonda, amanena kuti panopa panopa NACE Baibulo classifier - CHABWINO 029-2001 (NACE Rev. 1.).

Chinthu chachiwiri: kusankha misonkho

Ambiri, IP ali ndi mwayi ntchito imodzi m'maulamuliro msonkho zinayi izi: UPDF (m'Chingelezi chosavuta dongosolo msonkho), ndi UPDF pamaziko a setifiketi, msonkho imodzi pa ndalama chimaulula (UTII) kapena dongosolo ambiri misonkho, zimene ndalama ndi kulipira ndi VAT pa maziko accrual ). opanga ulimi ndi alimi angathe kugwiritsa ntchito msonkho umodzi ulimi.

STS ndi otchuka pakati pa dongosolo IP kwa misonkho. Popeza pamene ntchito msonkho losavuta ndi mlandu. Komanso, amachepetsa katundu msonkho pa wazamalonda payekha.

UPDF ulipo magulu awiri. Ndi ndalama ambiri msonkho (msonkho 6%) ndi chinthu kapena N / o ndalama opanda ndalama (msonkho ndi 15%). Sankhani mtundu wa IP ali ndi ufulu UPDF lapansi.

Ngati wazamalonda waganiza kukhazikitsa UPDF, iwo amagonjera mawu okhudza kusintha mu chibwereza pa Federal Tax Service. Izi zikhoza kuchitika pa kalembera wa IP, ndipo pasanathe masiku makumi atatu pambuyo pake.

Mu Russia, wazamalonda munthu ayenera kulipira zopereka ndalama chikhalidwe. Ngati si bwana ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito chosavuta dongosolo misonkho kwa ndalama msonkho okwana kapena UTII, kuchuluka kwa msonkho zikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa umafunika lapansi.

December 29, 2014 Pulezidenti Russian zinasaina lamulo pa maholide msonkho zaka ziwiri kwa amalonda woyamba, chimene kuchokera 01.01.2015, ndi SP onse pa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira za ntchito yake adzakhala osapatsidwa katundu msonkho.

Chachitatu: yokonza zikalata

Kulembetsa, SP chofunika kusonkhanitsa ndi kukonzekera angapo zikalata:

1. Wamba pasipoti ndi magazini a masamba ake.
2. Malata (wokhoma chizindikiritso nambala) ndi kope.
3. Statement on kusintha dongosolo chosavuta misonkho.
4. Statement ya kusintha mu dongosolo N / A setifiketi pa.

Ndipo amafunika mawu P21001 mawonekedwe, chiphaso cha malipiro a amalipiritsa kulembetsa ndi buku la izo. Documents Zsk 3 ndi 4 si mokakamizidwa. Iwo akhoza anagonjera mwa mawu mwalamulo Kwalamulidwa kapena ayi kupala, ngati palibe kusinthana kwa njira zina misonkho.

Zolembedwa za pepala aliyense pasipoti ndi igwirike ayenera mwachindunji makamaka nthambi ya IRS. Koma ngati kamangidwe umadutsa m'khalapakati, bukuli ayenera kuchotsedwa masamba.

Pali zinthu zina zomwe kwenikweni kupereka kalata natsimikiza pakalibe mbiri chigawenga. Angathere ndipo ayenera mwachindunji pasadakhale FTS.

Chinthu chachinayi: kudzaza mu mawonekedwe

Chinthu chachinayi mu "Kodi kukhala wazamalonda munthu" ndi kudzaza mu mawonekedwe. Statement kulembetsa nat. SP boma monga P21001 anadzazidwa mu mawonekedwe. Onetsetsani kuti inki yakuda, mu zilembo zikuluzikulu, popanda zolakwa ndi zosintha. Ndipo inu mukhoza kudzaza mu chipika makalata pa kompyuta kuti kusindikiza ina. Pankhaniyi, ntchito wosasintha Courier Watsopano - 18. Duplex yosindikiza ndikoletsedwa.

Fomu yofunsira kupezeka ku ofesi iliyonse FTS kapena dawunilodi pa Intaneti (pa webusaiti FNS). Palinso kukhuta chitsanzo.

mawu ayenera kutha mosamala kwambiri pa nkhani ya zolakwa zotsatirazi zikhoza kuchitika: Federal Tax Service salola kuti ntchito mawonekedwe yabwino ya malonda misonkho, anakakamizika pulogalamuyo kapena kukana kutsegula SP.

Onse mapepala ndi zikalata ntchito, ndi wolakalakika embroider, n'kuuza chiwerengero cha mapepala jointing ndi chizindikiro. Koma malinga ndi lemba la Federal Tax Service 25,09. 2013 N SA-3-14 / 3512, si chofunika kukhazikitsidwa chikalatacho. mapepala onse akhoza kungoyankha zithunzi kapena chakudya stapler.

Chinthu chachisanu: kulipira ndalama za boma

Pambuyo ntchito mu mawonekedwe P21001 odzazidwa, wamalonda tsogolo ayenera kulipira ndalama boma. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta mu nthambi iliyonse ya gombe chiphatso. Mu fomu iyi ndi mfundo zinafunika tiyenera kutenga FTS wagawo pa malo a kalembera wa IP. Kapena mu ofesi ya gombe, koma kanthu, popanda tsatanetsatane wa FTS chofunika. Pankhaniyi, mawonekedwe ayenera kudzazidwa pamanja, chisanadze powonjezera iwo.

Tikumbukenso kuti kuyambira March 11, 2014, malinga ku Unduna wa Zachuma a Russia Order ya 26.12.2013 N 139, kulephera kupereka chiphaso cha malipiro a ntchito boma si chifukwa chokana kupeza chilolezo kuti kalembera wa IP. Chongani malipiro msonkho ofesi mungathe paokha kudzera dongosolo zake zambiri. Choncho, bwana kulipira ndalama kudzera wallets pakompyuta kapena malo.

Kuchuluka kwa ndalama ichi cha 2014 ndi 800 rubles, ndipo mu 2015 kukula kwake zingawonjezere kuti 1,300 rubles.

Pambuyo ntchito sitampu analipira, iyenera kope la polandirira msonkho malipiro ndi angagwirizanitse izo kwa onse a zikalata kale anasonkhana.

Chinthu chimodzi: kugonjera zikalata kwa Federal Tax Service

Chinthu chimodzi malangizo "Kodi kukhala wazamalonda munthu" ndi kugonjera mwachindunji zolembedwa kuti utumiki yoyenera.

Malinga ndi Russian malamulo Fe mu limachitika mu Federal Tax Service pa malo kulembetsa kwa ziwalo wazamalonda m'tsogolo. Malinga ndi munthu uyu, amene akufuna kujambula okha monga amalonda, ayenera kudziwa kuti FTS magawano adzaupereka, izo ili ku adiresi iliyonse. Pezani zambiri za pa webusaiti boma la Federal Tax Service.

Ngati palibe kulembetsa okhazikika, munthu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Federal Tax Service kwa ulamuliro mu malo osakhalitsa.

Ikani ulamuliro yoyenera akhoza mosadalira (anadza panokha kwa Federal Tax Service), kapena mwa nthumwi malamulo. Komanso phukusi la zikalata ungathe kutumizidwa kwa Federal Tax Service mu makalata. Pankhaniyi, anatumiza kalata kwa wapatali mndandanda wa nkhani. Chilolezo kuchita wodziimira chimadza makalata. Time, njira imeneyi imatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa ena awiri pamwambapa.

Ngati nzika ndi munthu ndi IRS, izo ziyenera kupereka buku la zolemba ndi yeniyeni. Kukachitika kuti kalata anatumiza kwa mapepala onse ayenera Pre-mbiri yabwino ndi odziwitsa a.

Ngati inu ntchito thandizo la ena, m'pofunika osati mwalamulo mbiri yabwino makope a zikalata, komanso momwemo anatsimikizira siginecha wodandaulayu ndiponso mphamvu ambiri Loya chifaniziro.

More kuti apereke IP, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti pa webusaiti boma la Federal Tax Service. Njira lilipo kuyambira January 9, 2013 m'mizinda yonse Russian.

Atalandira zikalata munthu amene akudutsa iwo, watenga chiphaso cha polandirira msonkho phukusi. Ngati SP tsogolo panokha sasamalira zikalata, chiphaso ichi chitumidwa kwa iye positi (oimira pa manja a chiphaso ndi chikalata).

Seventh sitepe: Kupeza zikalata Okonzeka pa IP kulembetsa

Chinthu chiwiri mu "Kodi kukhala wazamalonda munthu (2015)" ndi komaliza.

Patangopita masiku asanu ntchito kuchokera tsiku limene zikalata anali kutsatira IRS, wodandaulayu ayenera kukhala yankho pa dzanja kapena makalata. Iwo wachotsa ku Wonse Register wa amalonda munthu ndi kalata ya State. nat kulembetsa. chilli ngati SP (OGRN).

Alembe kupereka buku la zolemba izi kwa Woyang'anira msonkho.

The proprietorship yekha akhoza anakana ngati:

• osakwanira chiwerengero cha zikalata anagonjera;
• zikalata osati mu thupi;
• chifukwa zolakwa kapena misprints mawu a;
• wodandaulayu kale mayina monga IP;
• mbiri chigawenga kwa obatizidwayo;
• wodandaulayu dipo pasanathe chaka chapitacho.

Zochita SP pambuyo kulembetsa

Atalembetsa monga bizinesi, SP ayenera kuti chosindikizira, kukalembetsa mu Fund ndi penshioni, kugula Polipilira, ngati n'koyenera (ndi akalembetse akuluakulu msonkho), komanso kutsegula afufuze nkhani ku banki iliyonse.

Ngati IP panali kusintha deta iliyonse (kusintha pasipoti, kulembetsa adiresi, etc.), iye afunika kudziwitsa boma la thupi lake, momuuza mu kukonzanso mawu mwa masiku 3 kuchokera pamene kusintha.

Register pa FIU ndi thumba ayenera sots.strahovaniya ngati SP akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito aganyo. Ziyenera kuchitika mwa masiku 5 ntchito kuchokera tsiku kutenga ntchito ya wantchito choyamba.

Features ya entrepreneurship munthu latsopano la Russia

Latsopano la Russia, kulembetsa kwa amalonda mmodzi motsatira malamulo - pa Civil Code la Chitaganya cha Russia, mwaubwino a Boma, komanso malamulo, waukulu umene ali N 129-FZ "Pa State Kulembetsa ma private aliyense amalonda".

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa mmene kukhala wazamalonda wodzilamulira mu St. Petersburg, tisaiwale kuti ulamuliro polimbana ndi nkhaniyi mu mzinda uno, ndi MIFNS nambala 15. ili m'gulu pa adiresi: St. Petersburg, up. antchito Red nsalu, House 10/12 kalata O.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa mmene kukhala wazamalonda wodzilamulira mu Moscow, muyenera kudziwa chimene IP kulembetsa mu likulu chinkhoswe mu MIFNS nambala 46. Bungweli angapezeke pa adiresi: Moscow, akuguba ndimeyi, Kumanga 3, Kumanga 2.

Pomaliza, ndi Dziwani kuti pambuyo zinadziwika mmene kukhala wazamalonda munthu, ndi nthawi kuchita zinthu! Musachite mantha queues yaitali ndi zolembalemba, pambuyo chochitika ichi onse, ndi pamaso kwambiri mwa zinthu zosangalatsa mu chotchedwa yopindulitsa awo malonda!