Kachisi pa Ordynka "Joy wa Onse Amene Chisoni". Chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu "Joy wa Onse Amene Chisoni": phindu

Wodziwika mu misewu ya likulu - Big Ordynka - moyenerera wotchedwa Malo a domes golide. makamaka akulemekezedwa Church "Joy wa Onse Amene Chisoni" pakati okhulupirika. Ndi malo namolennoe anali woyamba kutchulidwa mbiri mu 1571. Pa nthawi imeneyo kachisi ankadziwika pansi dzina osiyana, monga Mpingo wa Varlaama Hutynskogo. Malinga ndi mfundo za mbiri yakale, linamangidwa mu 1523 panthawi ya Metropolitan Barlaam, mu dzina la woyang'anira wake wakumwamba ndi mtetezi. Mu 1625, ansembe unachitikira mpando wachifumu ndi wodzipereka mu dzina la Chiwalitsiro. Panopa, ndi guwa mkulu wa mpingo wa Kuonongeka.

Kachisi pa Ordynka "Joy wa Onse Amene Chisoni" mu 1683/85 atamangidwa ku mwala. Patapita zaka zingapo panali chozizwa makoma ake, mmodzi wa atsogoleri a chipembedzowo analandira machiritso lathunthu la fano la Lady athu. Malinga ndi mwambo, mabishopu, Joachim mlongo nakumana nacho chizunzo choopsa bala opweteka mbali yake. Iye anafuula pemphero thandizo. tsiku lina pamaso Euphemia donossya mawu mwachinsinsi, kuonetsa kuti ayenera kutumikira kuyeretsedwa pemphero madzi pamaso chizindikiro cha Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba mu Mpingo Chiwalitsiro. mkazi anazindikira kuti anamva kuyitana kwa Vsezastupnitsy kwambiri. Iye anachita malangizo onse ndipo anachiritsidwa. Kuyambira pamenepo, chizindikiro wotchuka mozizwitsa, ndipo lero fano adzalemekezedwa ndi okhulupirira onse Orthodox a dziko.

Kachisi pa Ordynka "Onse Ovutika" mu 1922 pamene kulanda katundu mpingo zitawonongeka. zodzikongoletsera onse ndi ziwiya anali expropriated (oposa 65 makilogalamu a siliva ndi golide). Mu 1933 zinali chatsekedwa, ndi Bolsheviks kuchotsedwa belu, koma mkati yatsala pang'ono n'komwe.

Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse kachisiyo Ordynka "Joy wa Onse Amene Chisoni" anali anawasema wa Tretyakov Gallery. Mu 1948 izo linatsegulidwanso kulambira.

zomangamanga

Mpingo "Onse Ovutika" n'chothandiza kwambiri chifukwa cha njira zake mapulani. belu nsanja umakhala osowa. nyumba imangidwa mu rotunda cylindrical ndi mazenera, arches semicircular ndi ziwiri ndime amaayoni Kukhonde. Mkati pali mizati 12, amene amathandiza ndi ng'oma ang'ono ndi mzikiti mu mawonekedwe a Chigawo ndi mutu globular. Mbali khalidwe la ulemerero mkati ndi kuwayika nyali. Iwo ali pamwamba, atumiki anakweza pa masitepe kunyamula matabwa kuyatsa kandulo.

chithunzi

Icon "Onse Ovutika" - ndi chodabwitsa chodabwitsa m'mbiri ya iconography. Pali umboni zopelekedwa cha kuchita zozizwitsa kuti fano. Mndandanda wa mabuku amenewa pafupifupi yaitali mu mbiri ya Orthodox.

Zizindikiro ndi mndandanda "Onse Ovutika": The phindu mu chikhulupiriro Orthodox

"Ovutika Onse" - mzere woyamba mmodzi wa stichera awo. Ngakhale dzina la chithunzi ichi chinali chifukwa chakuti iye wakhala kufala osiyana mu dziko lathu. Kuwonjezera chizindikiro choyamba, ankakhala mu mpingo Moscow, pali awiri dazeni la kwanuko ndi zozizwitsa mndandanda.

Moyo wa anthu Russian ali pafupi kwambiri ndi zomveka zobisika dzina la zithunzi kutanthauza. Mu mafano a "Joy wa Onse Amene Chisoni" mtengo anafotokoza motere: chiyembekezo mosasamala kwa wokhulupirira kwa Koposa Koyera Virgin Mary, akuthamangira kulikonse tisaletse chisoni, chitonthozo, adzapulumutsa anthu osautsika ndi mavuto, kuchiritsa chovala odwala ndi wamaliseche ...

iconography

chizindikirochi chikusonyezera Amayi a Mulungu mu utumiki wa m'litali, ndi mwana ali pa dzanja kapena ayi. Vsezastupnitsu wazungulira mandroly kuwala. Ichi ndi wapadera nimbus chowulungika, elongated mu njira choimirira. Virgin atazunguliridwa ndi angelo m'mitambo zotsatirazi New Testament Utatu ndi Yehova wa makamu.

Izi iconography mfundo anatuluka mu Russia m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri mchikakamizo cha miyambo European Western. Iconography chithunzi kupeza yunifolomu zikuchokera, ndipo anamaliza mu mipingo ankaimira zosiyanasiyana embodiments. Yotchuka kwambiri amaonedwa kukhala mitundu iwiri ya zithunzi - atanyamula mwana, monga mu kachisi pa Ordynka, ndipo popanda izo.

Mbali yapadera ya chizindikirochi ndi pamodzi ndi amayi a Mulungu pa izo ankafotokozedwa anthu ozunzidwa ndi zowawa ndi matenda, ndipo angelo, amene amachita zabwino m'malo mwa Vsespasitelnitsy.

Icon "Onse Ovutika" ndi groshikami

chifanizirocho unakhala wotchuka mu St. Petersburg mu 1888, pamene nyumba yopemphereramo kumene unali, anagwidwa ndi mphezi. chizindikirochi akhala integral, izo basi Anapitirizabe mkuwa khobiri (groshiki). Kenako malo awa kachisi anamangidwa. Chizindikiro wotchuka "Onse Ovutika" ndi groshikami ulipo mpaka lero lino.

Kodi kupemphera Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba

Ndi chizindikiro cha zozizwitsa "Ovutika zonse" kupemphera kukwera ndi mtima woyera ndi malingaliro. Mkhalapakati kupempha thandizo onse osowa odwala anthu, amayi ndi ana akuyembekezera nkhondo, banja lonse, kumene kunagwa tsoka.

Kupemphera kwa Namwali Wodalitsidwa

"Mfumukazi preblagaya, chiyembekezo changa, Amayi a Mulungu, Mkhalapakati amasiye ndi woyang'anira lachilendo la Wovutika, kuponderezedwa Predstatelnitse Taonani tsokali anga, taonani chisoni changa :! Ndithandizeni ine mtumiki wofooka wa Mulungu (dzina) chipongwe ndisinthe ndi wawo ndayembekezera kudalira mwako ... inu nokha, amayi a Mulungu, ine ndikupempha thandizo! Amen. "

Atsogoleri ndikulangizeni monga Nthawi zambiri ntchito chifaniziro cha "Chimwemwe Onse Amene Chisoni" Pemphero angathe kuperekedwa m'mawu anuanu, chinthu chachikulu - kuona mtima ndi chikhulupiriro chenicheni parishioner.

Wapamwamba ndi zithunzi za Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba

Pamene 1711 King Peter Ine pamodzi ndi zoyerekeza anasamukira ku St. Petersburg, mlongo wake anaika mu mpingo watsopano yachifumu ndi mndandanda wa zithunzi Vsezastupnitsy. Kenako, mu dzina la Virgin likulu kumpoto wakhala anamanga kachisi amene chinachitikira ndi nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Elizabeth Woyamba.

Kodi ndi pamene mukhoza kukaona kachisi

Mpingo uli mu Moscow, Bolshaya Ordynka, 20. Pofuna kukwaniritsa malo akhoza kukhala kumalo okwerera sitima ku siteshoni "Tretyakov," "Novokuznetskaya". Kachisi pa Ordynka "Joy wa Onse Amene Chisoni" akupezeka maulendo tsiku lililonse kwa 7,30 m'mawa mpaka madzulo 20,00.

m'malo akamaliza

Wina wakale kwambiri komanso wotchuka akachisi a likulu wokonzeka kutenga molimba mtima. Kupeza chizindikiro zozizwitsa ndi wokonzeka, koma kuteteza ima pamzere yaing'ono.