Ishim mtsinje Kazakhstan: kufotokoza, makhwawa

Moona, Ishim mtsinje sasangalala ngati kutchuka kwambiri, monga, kuti, Volga, Yenisey, Lena ndi madzi aakulu. Koma, koma, anthu wamba chiyani mukuganiza moyo wake popanda mbali zofunika linalake. Mwazina, nsomba Mtsinje Ishim kale kuyambira kukhala chibwana otchuka kwambiri kwa akulu ndi ana akukhala oyandikana nawo.

Nkhaniyi Cholinga kuyambitsa owerenga izi mtsempha wamagazi madzi a dziko kusonyeza mbali yake yaikulu. Komanso, muphunzira za kumene Ishim mtsinje umayenda monga zimakhudza kusintha nyengo nyengo ndi kuti ayenera n'komwe, ulesi pa magombe ake.

Gawo 1. General mudziwe

Ishim Mtsinje, moyenda imodzi mwa Kazakhstan ndi Federation Russian - ndi lamanzere ndi tributary yaitali kwambiri Irtysh, amene nawonso, ngwa ku chigwa cha mtsinje ob, moyenda kenako mu Nyanja Kara.

Mu Russia, waterway izi umayenda pakati Tyumen ndi Omsk m'madera ku Kazakhstan - Akmola ndi North Kazakhstan zigawo.

Ndipotu Ishim alibe ambiri makhwawa zonse loyenda. Yotchuka kwambiri iwo amaonedwa Tersakkan Mtsinje, Koluton, Iman-Burluk mtsinje umodzi wa achule ndi Akani-Burluk.

Komanso, pa mtsinje ndi zina mwa posungira, ndipo Sergeevskoe Viacheslavskoye. Onse ndi yofunika kwambiri chuma, mwachitsanzo. E. madzi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga madzi kwa anthu akuderalo, komanso ulimi wothirira minda ndi minda.

Gawo 2. madera ndi chiyani?

Ishim Mtsinje kumayambira mapiri Niyaz loyenda ambiri mu West chigwa yopapatiza ndi pakati pa gombe zokwanira miyala.

Tikumbukenso kuti m'munsi Astana mtsinje chigwa imakulitsa kwambiri pambuyo Derzhavinsk madzi mtsinje akutembenukira kwa kumpoto kum'mawa, pansi pang'ono ndi amanyalanyaza Kumadzulo Siberia Plain, komwe ena a nthawi ukuyenda pa lathyathyathya Ishim steppe mu yotakata chigumula kumva utuluke m'munsi mwachindunji ndi m'madambo.

Mwa njira, osati aliyense amadziwa kutali kuti Ishim Mtsinje ndi waukulu chifukwa 270 kukafika kumtunda kwa Petropavlovsk ndi ku Vikulovo kuti pakamwa.

The mtsinje bedi ndi tortuous ndithu, m'lifupi mwa malo mpaka 200 m. Advantageously mchenga pansi. The okwana kutalika ndi 2.450 Km. Choncho, Ishim ndi motalikitsa pa nthaka ya wachiwiri kuti kuchuluka.

The floodplain ndi lonse, ali ambiri nyanja. N'chifukwa chake nsomba Ishim Mtsinje ankaona anthu odziwa kwambiri.

Gawo 3. Hydrology Ishim

Ishim - mtsinje ndi mwapadera chipale anadyetsa, ndi chifukwa chisanu amalandira oposa 80% ya runoff ake pachaka. M'chaka, kuzungulira April 10-12, panali kuwonjezeka kwambiri zili madzi. Mavuto chigumula limapezeka pafupifupi pakati pa July. Chilimwe-yophukira nthawi otsika madzi kumatenga mpaka m'ma October. Chifukwa chikhalidwe planar m'dera catchment, ndi kuchuluka kwa matendawa, chatsekedwa, ang'ono zolakwika mtsinje, kukwera kwa madzi madzi chifukwa mvula chilimwe-yophukira pafupifupi mwaonapo.

Komanso, gwero la mtsinje Ishim ndi manja ake kudyetsedwa ndi pansi ndi madzi zokolola floodplain. Izi ndi okwanira kukhala nthawi zonse madzi kutuluka.

Avereji ya mtengo yaitali (masamu kwa zaka zana) otaya mtsinje mu chaka 76,0 Cu. m / gawo. Amaundana-mmwamba zambiri amapezeka mu theka lachiwiri la November ndi kumatenga pafupifupi miyezi 5. M'dera catchment - 177 zikwi sq M.. Km.

Gawo 4. Flora m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja

mzinda uliwonse pa Ishim mtsinje ankaona zolemba zokongola ndi kwabasi. Abalewa anadutsa m'dera zambiri amatsegula chithunzi chosiyana. M'chaka gombe la mtsinje amaoneka ngati emarodi muofesiyo udzu ndi maluwa owala, ndi m'chilimwe iwo amakhala ngati nyanja ya nthenga siliva.

Komabe, kutha kwa chilimwe, chithunzicho chimakula bwinopo ayi - chosefukira steppe mphepo youma kutenthedwa, koma nthawi zina ndi chokongoletsedwa ndi munda wonse wa golide tirigu. Kumene, chikhalidwe cha m'dera lino anthu anali kunasintha kwambiri, ndi m'munda tsopano analima minda ali mbali yaikulu ya m'dera m'dera kuposa steppe kapena relict nkhalango.

Tikumbukenso kuti paini wanu ndi undersized ndithu, Tolstokorov, kotero nkhalango ndi monga rarefied, ali osauka m'tchire ndi udzu chivundikirocho. Koma ochepa nkhalango ndi mapiri akadali mbali yofunika kwambiri - iwo kuteteza mbewu ku mphepo youma chilimwe, pamene m'nyengo yozizira zimathandiza kuti pakhale matalala.

Mu malire m'munsi mwa Ishim ngati nayonso mtsinje umene madzi ake akuyenda pang'onopang'ono mu mphepete otsika amenewa. Kwambiri kumpoto, kupatula mu njira ya munthu wapaulendo ndi munda kukumana kwambiri zambiri pali wokongola minda belostvolnye birch, amene pochitika mu nkhalango losanganikirana. Pali ikukula kwambiri a firs, m'nkhalango, ndi m'madera ena pali ngakhale larch, mkungudza, Oil. Ndiye, mu malo ena, mitengo anayamba kuphwera ku maziko, sakhoza kuona dambo ndi mitengo kawirikawiri ndi woonda Oil, wochepa birches. Pa magombe a Ishim Mtsinje yakhala zambiri madambo a m'deralo chaka kukolola udzu pano, msipu ng'ombe, ndi amangosangalala chikhalidwe wokongola m'derali.

Gawo 5. Features za zomera

mzinda uliwonse pa mtsinje Ishim wokongola kwa apaulendo ndi dziko lapansi wachuma wa zinyama, womwenso zosiyanasiyana oimira gulu la a achule, nsomba, mbalame ndi, kumene, nyama.

Loach, gudgeon, dace, roach, ruff, nsomba, bream, burbot, Pike, nsomba ndi spined loach kudzakhalire mu mitsinje yaing'ono ndi oxbow nyanja ambiri kumene kusambira pa chigumula cha Ishim.

Lakes ndi zina amaundana mbali pansi pa mtsinje ali olemera mu carp ndi minnows nyanja.

Mwatsoka, kawirikawiri nsomba, anabweretsa buku Red sapezeka madzi awa. Monga Komabe, zatsala pang'ono kutha nyama.

Mu miyezi yotentha pali zambiri zokwanira mukhoza kukumana yosiyanasiyana invertebrates. Izi kawirikawiri okongola ndi zokongola agulugufe, mbozi mphemvu lapansi, dragonflies, caddisflies, mayflies, arachnids, molluscs, tizirombo, kafadala ndi stoneflies. Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe anthu kumeneko akulangizidwa kukhala ochenjera kwambiri pa tchuthi chifukwa cha ntchito yapadera ya nkhupakupa.

Chigawo 6: Ndikwabwino nsomba pa Ishim?

Ambiri mwa anthu am'deralo ali achimwemwe nthawi yocheza pa mtsinje Ishim, zikugwira nsomba ndi kuyembekezera kudabwa nsombazo.

Ndipo apa kuti nsomba akhoza kukhala aang'ono ndi aakulu, kotero inu mukhoza bwinobwino kuchita chotero kusaka chete. Ngakhale Dziwani kuti toyesa waukulu anagwira kuno nthawi zambiri.

Apa munthu mosavuta kukakwera nsomba, ndi m'madera ena ndithu nsomba bwino. Komabe, asodzi ambiri akudandaula kuti Pike pano sitinamuone. Chifukwa cha mavuto nthawi zonse, zomangamanga zinyalala ndi kumanga madamu, nsomba wakhala m'chipani chenicheni pa Ishim.