Freon - ndi ... Kutentha kwa Freon. Freon firiji

Aliyense nyumba ali zipangizo za ulimi ndi dzuwa la mankhwala otere ntchito ngati freon. mankhwala amadziwika ngati refrigerant kwambiri ntchito fridges onse kotero inu mukhoza kusunga chakudya ndi chakudya wokonzeka yaitali kuposa pa yozungulira kutentha. Nkhaniyi adzatiuza, Freon - ndi nkhaniyi kumene ntchito, zomwe kutentha ndi.

History of anapeza

zinthu zosiyanasiyana dzina woyamba masiku awiri kaphatikizidwe Freon - 1928 ndi 1931, zaka. Kukhoza kuti tsiku la kubadwa kwa refrigerant chaka cha 1928-TH. Zinali pamenepo kwambiri sayansi kampani Frigidaire, umene ndi wocheperapo wa bungwe General Motors, Thomas Midgley, anabweretsa "chozizwitsa mankhwala" nampatsa dzina "Freon". Achikulire akatswiri chinkhoswe mafakitale mpweya uwu, kulowa akuti Freon-12 monga «R» (yomasulira «Refrigerant» waima kwa refrigerant kapena wozizira). Tsiku lachiwiri mkubwela kwa Freon nepravlno anamanga, chifukwa kale mu 1930 ndi olimba kayendedwe Chemical Company, limene ntchito wakhala analengedwa kuti asaiwale kupanga mankhwala.

Freon - ndi chiyani ichi?

A chisakanizo cha ethane ndi methane ngati fluorinated otsika maselo kulemera opangidwa kuchokera hydrocarbon kumene maatomu wa hydrogen akhoza chisiyana fluorine, chlorine, bromine. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito refrigeration mayunitsi (refrigerators, m'firiji, conditioners mpweya ndi zina zotero. N). Anthu ambiri amadzifunsa kuti, Freon - ndi mpweya kapena madzi? Yankho lolondola ndi: mankhwala angakhale ndi onse boma thupi.

Mitundu yofala Freon

Science kudziwika mitundu yoposa 40 ya mankhwala, anthu ambiri amene analandira m'mafakitale. Freon kutentha pa chimene zithupsa, aliyense mtundu uli yake:

• R11 - trichlorofluoromethane (T ndi otentha 23,8 ° C).
• R12 - difluorodichloromethane (ndi mkangano T Reflux -29,8 ° C).
• R13 - trifluorochloromethane (ndi mkangano T Reflux -81,5 ° C).
• R14 - tetrafluoromethane (ndi mkangano T Reflux -128 ° C).
• R134A - tetrafluoroethane (otentha mkangano ndi T -26,3 ° C).
• R22 - chlorodifluoromethane (ndi mkangano T Reflux -40,8 ° C).
• R600A - isobutane (ndi mkangano T Reflux -11,73 ° C).
• R410A - hloroftorokarbonat (ndi mkangano T Reflux -51,4 ° C).

Childs, kunyumba refrigerators ntchito pa freon (Khladone) kalasi R-22, kwa mafakitale ndi malonda ntchito R-13 mtundu.

Freon - ndi mankhwala owopsa kwa anthu?

Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya zipangizo ndi zoipa kuwira, Komabe, ndipo ntchito zinthu zimene kuzirala za magetsi kunyumba, ngati chinthu pusher mu makatiriji gasi, ophera fungo loipa ndi aerosols ena. Choncho pamene kupopera yamphamvu weniweniwo utakhazikika ndi Freon akulowa mlengalenga. Ngati refrigerant si usavutike madigiri 250 (pa kutentha ichi, kumasula poizoni) kulibe vuto lililonse kwa anthu, sitinganene kuti ozoni. The mankhwala kuwola amuphe. Chifukwa chachikulu mabowo Mpweya umene ndi kupanga komanso kugwiritsa ntchito Freon ndi okhutira mkulu wa ayoni chlorine ndi bromine. Kutayikira zinthu mu zipangizo banja ndi fungo sangathe wapezeka zowoneka, Mlingo kakang'ono pa munthu ndi zopanda phindu.

Kuti apeze wa ozoni a Dziko Lapansi ndi kuchepetsa kupanga CFCs zoipa mayiko UN lalembedwa ndi linalowa nawo m'Pangano Protocol Montreal.

ndi freon mu refrigerators chiyani?

Modern kompresa refrigerators ndi kuperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a makamera anaika mkati evaporator, chimene chikuphatikiza refrigerant. mankhwala pa otentha ndipo vaporization zimatenga kutentha kwa chipinda ndipo mu anasamutsidwa condensation ndondomeko izo chilengedwe. Chifukwa cha mpweya izi utakhazikika kwa kutentha kuilakalaka, ndipo amabwerera mpweya kuti kompresa ndi amasintha uliri wa loitanirana mu madzi. Freon firiji liri evaporator izi. M'mawu ena, ndi yofunika zikuluzikulu za dongosolo, chifukwa chimene zipinda yozizira ya unit refrigeration.

Kodi mukudziwa za kutayikira la Freon ku furiji

Zikuonekeratu kuti mankhwala - chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za uziyenda bwino zida. Zotsatira Freon kutayikira mu kuwonongeka kwa zipangizo alephera ntchito pa zolinga zina. The chifukwa ambiri kwa vutoli - kuwonongeka evaporator chubu kapena kupunduka zotsimikizira. Popeza ili ndi mafuta oyaka, ndi odorless, sikutheka kuona maselo olfactory.

Komabe, pali zizindikiro zina kuti kuzindikira kutayikira. Freon firiji ndi opanikizika, ndipo pamene kuonongeka chubu evaporator, pang'ono ndi pang'ono ayamba kugwa. Choncho, mu refrigeration ndi kuzizira limatuluka chipinda mpweya kutentha, ndipo lakonzedwa kuyamba mwamsanga iwonongeke. Ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba chimene muyenera fufuzani umphumphu wa dongosolo yozizira ya chida cha. Monga tanenera poyamba, ndi Freon si owopsa kwa munthu pa kutentha osati madigiri apamwamba kuposa 250, ndi kutenthetsa kwa kutentha kunyumba sizingatheke.

Malo zambiri za refrigerant kutayikira

Choyamba - ichi chitoliro mafupa. Mu soldering aliyense akhoza kupangidwa monga microcracks chifukwa opareshoni mosalekeza zida ndi chifukwa cha ukwati fakitale. Komanso wamba Freon kutayikira mu malo polumikiza machubu evaporator refrigeration ndi mufiriji. Kusindikiza angathe kuonedwa ndi mzere kubwerera, zomwe zikugwirizana mtima wa firiji ndi evaporator.

Kodi yokonzera kutayikira?

Kudzaza freon firiji kunyumba sizingatheke popanda thandizo la katswiri. Popeza ayenera zipangizo zina zapadera ndi zipangizo (mpope zingalowe, soldering burner dispenser zobwezedwa ndi gauges, chitsulo solder, wapadera kamwazi) ntchitoyo. Pakuti kudziwika kutayikira la machubu ntchito chipangizo chapadera chokhala chowunikira zitsulo. Pambuyo mbuye kudziwa choipa ndi gawo losindikizidwa, kuchotsa kutayikira, mpope zingalowe amawapopa otsala mafuta ndi atavala kachiwiri. Kudzazidwa kumachitika kudzera kugwirizana zibaluni ndi mpweya kwa nozzle ili pa casing wa kompresa firiji, kudzera kugwirizana capillary chubu wasindikizidwa kiyi.

Kenako, freon firiji kachiwiri akuyamba zimafala bwino ndi kutentha m'zipinda za amayikidwa mu malinga ndi mfundo zipangizo refrigeration.