Evenk Autonomous Area: likulu, nthawi, mzinda

Evenkia - m'dziko wakale ndi mwachinsinsi. nkhani yake ndi gawo la mbiri la Siberia, lomwe lili ndi chiyambi chake zaka zambiri zapitazo. Kodi chidwi Evenk Autonomous Area?

malo Hrs

Evenk Autonomous Area - Kupititsa ndi utsogoleri woyezera la Russia. Iye ndi membala wa Krasnoyarsk Gawo. Ndi ili kum'mawa Siberia. M'mphepete dera Irkutsk Republic Saha (Iakutiia) ndi Taimyrsky (Yamal Nenetski) yoyenda yokha dera. Kudera limeneli chimakwirira kudera la 770 zikwi sq M.. Km. 18,000 - anthu ambiri padziko Evenki Autonomous Area. Capital - m'mudzi m'tawuni ulendo. Kuwonjezera dera lake utsogoleri lagawidwa m'madera 3 - Baikit, Ilimpiysky, Tungussko-Chui - ndi 22 maboma a kumidzi.

Pakati pa onse olamuliridwa la Russia pa dera la Siberia, Evenkia Autonomous District ali ndi disadvantageous malo m'mayiko ambiri. Iwo ali pakati pa chapakati Siberia Plateau. The chimbuzi ku mudzi wa - Stone Mountain kutalika 1701 mamita Pali mabacteria osiyana kwambiri nyengo komanso Evenk Autonomous Area ali kwambiri anatambasula kumpoto chakum'mwera kwa 1,500 kuchokera .. Nyengo chokhala. July kutentha - mpaka 38 ° C, m'nyengo yozizira - kuti -67 ° C. Mbali yaikulu ya Evenkia amatanthauza Far North la Russia. Akukhulupirira kuti awa ndi amodzi mwa malo ambiri chowawa ndipo kwambiri kukhala Russia.

integrally

April 17, 2005 msonkhano referendum zomwe zinachititsa Evenk Autonomous District ophatikizidwa ndi Krasnoyarsk Gawo. Pa January 1, 2007 anapatsidwa udindo watsopano. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, iye anakhala chigawo oyang'anira tauni ya Krasnoyarsk Gawo. Unatha ndipo Tajmyrsky (Nenets) District. Iye, ngati Evenki Autonomous Area, ali teamed ndi Krasnoyarsk Gawo.

chuma

Chuma chachikulu cha gawo ili la Siberia chimasanduka - mafuta ndi gasi. Dera ndi wolemera golide, diamondi, graphite, malasha, mankwala zopangira ndi pulatinamu. Zingamuthandize ndi miyala ya zitsulo kawirikawiri ndipo sanali akakhala. Pali nkhokwe ya miyala yamtengo wapatali, mkuwa faifi tambala ndi zitsulo.

Flora

Evenkia - malo okongola kwambiri mu dziko lathu, koma ambiri patsalanso kufikako ndi unexplored monga malo. nkhani zonse mu mavuto nyengo remoteness kuchokera m'mizinda ikuluikulu. Choncho, kawirikawiri alendo angayerekeze kukaona Evenki Autonomous Area. Photos anatengedwa apaulendo, imatipatsa osachepera ku maganizo a chikhalidwe cha m'dera lino. madera akuluakulu kulamulidwa ndi Arctic ayezi, koma pali Titafika pamalo, nayonso ndi phiri nkhalango. Pali nyanja ambiri, pafupifupi zonse chiyambi glacial: nyanja Vivi, Essey, Agatha, Dyupkun. Kota m'dera la Chigawo ili mkati kudera lozizira, pali Madzi oundana. Ena zomera ndizo nkhalango. Kum'mwera, ndi spruce ndi mkungudza, kumpoto, iwo m'malo mwa woodland larch. Malo otsetsereka - Titafika pamalo a ndere ndi lichens. Pa gawo la nkhokwe Evenkia awiri - Putoransky ndi Tunguska.

zomera

Woopsa nyengo Komabe amalola anthu kulimbikira kuchita nsomba. Kuli sable, ermine, wakuda ndi siliva nkhandweyo. Iwo amapangidwa kuti apeze zikopa malonda a ubweya. M'madzi kwambiri nsomba mu nkhalango - zakutchire mphalapala m'nkhalango - nyama zina. Pano mukhoza kukumana bulauni chimbalangondo, Siberia ndi Arctic nkhandwe, gologolo, mink, amphaka, muskrat, nkhandwe woyera.

anthu

About 18 zikwi anthu tsopano anthu m'dera lino. Likulu la wake - ulendo wakumudzi. Evenk Autonomous Area ali otsika kwambiri anthu kachulukidwe - za 0,03 anthu pa 1 sq. Km. The ulova mwalamulo analembedwa ndi otsika - za 4%. Mwanzeru yogwira anthu - 9000, zomwe ndi za 1/3 anthu onse. The ntchito zaka zokhudzana 62%, pa m'badwo umenewo - 12%, pansi - 26%. Evenkia akazi kuposa amuna: 53% vs. 47 zambiri za anthu amakhala kumidzi - 71%, m'tawuni - 29%. The zikuchokera mtundu wa Evenkia zotsatirazi:

• Russian - 60%,
• evenki- 21%
• Yakuts - 5%
• Evens - 4.5%.
• Chiyukireniya 3%
• ena - 6.5%.

chuma

gawo la mikango wa Evenkiya makampani lonse, oposa 97%, mitundu 3:

• mafuta,
• magetsi,
• chakudya.

makampani mafuta limasonyeza yopanga mafuta ndi gasi. Apa asanu aona kuti minda ndi nkhokwe ya chuma. kuchuluka kwawo okwana pafupifupi matani biliyoni 1.1 mabizinezi ambiri lalikulu - .. Of "NK" Yukos "JSC" Krasnoyarskgazprom "JSC" Yeniseineftegaz "okwana chiwerengero cha makampani mafuta ndi pa 50% chuma.

Magetsi zovuta ali 25% ya chuma County a. Mphamvu kupanga mphamvu ntchito dizilo. Yaikulu ya iwo - Boma Unitary ogwira "Varanavaenergo" OGUP "Ilimpiyskie mphamvu," Sue "Baikit kupanga dera ogwira ntchito za zofunikira pagulu".

Mu mafakitale a Evenkia adzasowa chakudya ali pafupifupi 20%. Iwo makamaka chinkhoswe kupanga mankhwala buledi.

Mu kwambiri anayamba ngakhale ulimi ndi mitengo ndi kutchera misampha. Pali ambiri mphalapala wawo amadalira kuweta nyama, nkhumba ndi mkaka wa ng'ombe.

nkhani

anthu Evenki kale okhala malo awa kale wotanganidwa madera akuluakulu a Siberia - pa ob Mtsinje kumadzulo kwa Nyanja Okhotsk kum'mawa, kuchokera kozizira kwa Angara. Iwo akanatha bwanji pa nambala mwachilungamo wodzichepetsa yolowera m'magawo amenewa a Siberia? Chinthu ndi mphalapala wawo amadalira kuweta nsomba ndi nyama, Evenki ankakhala moyo wosamukasamuka. Kuwonjezera Mbali imeneyi ya kuyenda ya kumpoto kwa anthu awa anali anatengera zosavuta kuti zinthu zatsopano za moyo ndi nyengo zosiyana. Komabe, iwo ndinazolowera njira zosiyanasiyana za moyo ndi chuma.

Mbiri ya malo awa kuti chigawo loyang'anira kunayamba 1930. Ndiye boma Soviet anayamba kupanga chigawo cha dziko. Cholinga chachikulu chinali kuti adziwe malo awa, kulimbana ndi umbuli lakutali anthu ameneŵa, aziyankha chuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu akuderalo. Kenako Akatswiri a mbiri yakale nthawi imeneyi kusintha lakuthwa mu udindo wa chigawocho. m'deralo wa hinterland theka-ang'onoang'ono kusamutsidwa kwa nyengo mafakitale.

North chitukuko anayamba kumanga wa Turin kultbazy. Evenki, amene akhoza kusamalira okha mphalapala aŵiri ndi kupeza nyama mapazi awo, taphunzira kukula tirigu, mbatata, masamba, akhoza chinkhoswe mu ulimi nyama. Inde, ndi kukwaniritsa apainiya Soviet amene anabweretsa mbali iyi akudziwa. Mu 1927, chipatala yoyamba Evenkia, pulayimale sukulu inamangidwa. Tinayamba kuchita chitsimikizo cha anthu. Ndipo kale mu 1930 anayambitsa maphunziro a kupulayimale mokakamizidwa anthu. Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba kukonza bwino chigawo. Panali msewu matabwa, kozungulira Tours makonzedwe kumanga lalikulu, mitengo yake. Mu 1938, panali positi ofesi. Mu 1968 ndinaona koyamba pa ndege Evenki Autonomous Area.

Nthawi zasintha tsopano, koma zovuta kulingalira miyoyo ya malo amenewa popanda ndege. Mbali yaikulu - mtunda yaikulu midzi Chrixitu. Kupyola mlengalenga ndipo tsopano kukasiya chakudya, chuma, okwera, antchito kosangalatsa ndi alenje, kulankhula ndi abusa.

Mu 1933, nyuzipepala woyamba inafalitsidwa mu Evenkia. Timasindikiza ndi vuto lalikulu, pakalibe magetsi gudumu makina olembera anawomba nsalu pamanja Akonzi "Evenk". Choncho anthu a Evenkia analandira uthenga kuchokera masamba a magazini kulisindikiza.

Chete moyo wamtendere anathyola 1941. Ndiye kuteteza dziko kutsogolo kutali anthu 1816, ndi chachisanu cha anthu zaka. 306 okhala sanabwerere ku kunkhondo. Nkhondo itatha pano pamodzi kumanganso chuma dziko. Russian, Evenk ndi mayiko ena ntchito mu minda gulu, zikugwira kuswana mphalapala, ulimi nyama, nyama, nsomba, kusaka ndi malonda ubweya. Ogwira Council Policy umafuna chuma m'dera anthu.

Ndi 1950, ambiri udindo mkulu wotanganidwa ndi mbadwa ya Evenkia. Kuyambira 1970 mwachangu imachitika kafukufuku umalimbana kupeza mchere. Pa nthawi yomweyo mofulumira nyumba manja a Akatswiriwa ndi antchito mafuta makampani. Popeza 1968, gawo lina la chikhalidwe kunja. Pakuti am'deralo kunadetsa anayamba ndi mafilimu a kanema Soviet. Mu 1975, panali TV ndi Evenkia. Kutha kwa Soviet Union miyoyo ya distilikiti. makampani onse u adayamba kugwa.

khitchini

Fuko lirilonse liri ndi dziko yake zakudya, zimene zimatha kuuza kwambiri mbiri ya malo ndi anthu. Evenki akhala wakhala ukugwira nsomba ndi kusaka. iwo kawirikawiri ncho ngati nsomba ndi masewera, monga kunayenera chakudya. Mbali yaing'ono anasiya ntchito m'tsogolo. Tsopano Evenk mbale mbale anakonza kuchokera venison, nyama chimbalangondo, nsomba. Nawa ena otchuka mbale chikhalidwe zakudya national:

• Tyhemin. Izi msuzi nsomba, zomwe zakonzedwa ndi caviar. Iye kuzitikita mpaka yosalala, onjezerani madzi otentha, kuika kumbuyo ya mnofu nsomba, mchere ndi zonunkhira.
• Jukola Evenki. Izi ndi mbale mwambo wa nsomba kusuta. Kuti izo, kuchotsa mutu ndi msana, gutting. Dulani mu zigawo yaitali woonda nsomba, amacheka mkati. Ndiye kusuta ndi moto pansi pa denga chatsekedwa, ndiyeno zouma mu dzuwa panobe. Kudya nsomba zimenezi, ndasambitsa pansi ndi tiyi.
• Zouma tsekwe. Kukonzekera kutenga nyama ya tsekwe zakutchire, anakudzula, kung'ambidwa ndikutsukidwa, iwo anachotsa khungu ndi mafupa lalikulu. Kenako anapanga mabala pa nganga ndipo anatambasula pa denga wapadera zokula mu malo. Chotero nyama chisanu ndi ntchito yokonzekera soups, ndi mbale.
• Soseji chimbalangondo nyama. Nyama ndi kudula mutizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono msomali zigawo za mafuta. Yokazinga mu poto, onjezerani anyezi ndi mbatata. Kutumikira otentha.
• Korczak. mbale uwu wapangidwa ndi mkaka mphalapala. Ndi mafuta kwambiri, choncho bwino chilled kukwapulidwa mu thovu wandiweyani. Korczak anaganiza kudya ndi scone ndi tiyi.

The chidwi kwambiri

• Area Evenkia angafanane ndi malire a mayiko monga Turkey ndi Chile.
• pakati Geographical la Russia - Nyanja Vivi, kapena m'malo kum'mwera kum'mawa gombe. zithandiza analandira pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR, pamene malire zasintha ndi ndondomeko yatsopano inakhazikitsidwa. Iwo adzindikira academician Peter Bakut. August 27, 1992 ndi kukhazikitsa chipilala kutalika 7 m.
• Mtheradi ozizira mfundo Krasnoyarsk dera - Tembenchi Mtsinje, kutentha yozizira apa - kuti opanda 70 ° C.
• 1908 m'madera amenewa anagwa ku Tunguska kugwa kwa miyala yochokera.
• Amazing nkhani - Evenki Autonomous Area. Cities palibe apa. 1 Only tauni yaing'ono - ulendo wa mutuwo, ena - yaing'ono kuthetsa kumidzi: njinga, mofulumira, Kuyumba, Miryuga, Osharova, Poligus, Suromay, Surinda, Kislokan, Nidym, Uchami, Vanavara ndi ena.
• Nthawi Evenkiya - Krasnoiarskii: yodziwika maola 7 kuchokera UTC ndi maola 4 ku Moscow.