Employment - ichi ... ntchito Center. Boma ndondomeko ya ntchito

Ntchito - ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri chuma osati. Mu gulu ili, inu mukhoza kuweruza moyo wa anthu a boma lililonse. Mu motere Akuti ntchito, zomwe ndi zazikulu za citukuko chizindikiro zofunika.

tanthawuzo

Employment - chodabwitsa cha dongosolo umoyo ndi zachuma. Ndi ntchito chikhalidwe zothandiza anthu, cholinga chimene chili kuthandiza chikhalidwe ndi munthu, komanso la zasungidwa (ndalama). tanthauzo Izi zimamupatsa Chilamulo "Pa ntchito Chitaganya cha Russian". chikalata ichi zofunika Analeredwa 19.04.1991, pansi chiwerengero 1032-1.

Employment - gulu ili ndi chuma. Ndi ya maubwenzi zokhudza zochitika ntchito kwa nzika zonse. Izi gulu zachuma akufotokoza digiri likhale la anthu mu ntchito chikhalidwe zothandiza. Ikufotokozanso kufunika makampani antchito muyeso pamaso pa ntchito anafunika kupanga ndalama. Onse udindo awa likuonetsera ntchito ya munthu wa makhalidwe ofunika kwambiri a msika ntchito.

Ena olemba kupereka tanthauzo lina la mawu akuti. Iwo amaona kuti ntchito ya anthu - ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu wofunikila ntchito kwa misika ntchito. Pankhaniyi, ndi mtundu wina wa ubale chikhalidwe anthu zachuma ndi malamulo. Ndipo zimenezi si zodabwitsa chifukwa munthu afika kuntchito, kuphatikizapo pankhani imeneyi kapena kuti mgwirizano ntchito. Ndipo mpaka nthawi monga wantchito akhala mu subsystem wake wosankhidwa wa gawo chuma chuma, Gona izi kupitiriza kukhala choncho.

Magulu a anthu ogwira

Lamulo "Pa ntchito mu Russian Federation" amatipatsa malongosoledwe a aliyense wa nzika za dziko angathe kuonedwa monga m'gulu ntchito chikhalidwe zothandiza.

Awa ndi anthu:
- kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana ntchito komanso ndi utumiki kapena ntchito imene iwo pokhala kupelekedwa;
- amene anawerengedwa ngati wazamalonda munthu;
- zikugwira nsomba ang'onoang'ono ndi kugulitsa malonda pansi mapangano ndi;
- osankhidwa, anavomereza kapena maudindo kupelekedwa;
- kuchita zosiyanasiyana ntchito mogwirizana ndi mapangano a chilamulo boma kapena kukopera;
- mamembala a cooperatives (cooperatives);
- mu utumiki wa asilikali, zosakhudzana zina, mu Unduna Woona za Internal;
- ophunzira m'madipatimenti nthawi zonse wa sukulu;
- mongoyembekezera kutali ndi kuntchito chifukwa matenda, tchuti, yolembedwa usilikali, etc;..
- gulu (adayambitsa) ndi mabungwe ndi za ufulu atsopano katundu.

Zofunikira za chuma msika

Kuyambira nineties Mu zaka zapitazo, Russia wakana mtundu utsogoleri-lamulo la kasamalidwe. ndalama zake anali kusuntha kwa kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma, yomwe inkafuna kusintha zosiyanasiyana. Sichimaperekedwa, ndi ukulu wa ntchito. Ndi kusintha komanso ambiri akhala anapanga. Kukula kwa zaluso zimene zimachitikadi kale apindulira pa maiko otukuka. Chifukwa cha ntchito imeneyi yakhala kuchita malamulo "Pa ntchito kwa anthu ambiri a Russian Federation", kusonyeza mfundo ya boma pa nkhani imeneyi. Woyamba wa iwo enshrined mu Russian Constitution. Iwo akunena za chikhalidwe zaufulu ntchito ndi kupezeka kwa ufulu wa nzika ulere kutaya maluso awo kulenga ndi zipatso ntchito.

The chachiwiri mfundo zidayika m'chilamulo cha State udindo kwa chilengedwe cha zinthu zofunika ntchito ndi kusankha nzika kuntchito. Pa dziko komanso ayenera kuonetsetsa zofuna yaitali ndi mlandu wa fuko. Izi ndi Mfundo yachitatu ntchito. Maboma paliponse ayenera kuyesetsa kuti muyambe m'malo mwa boma njira lamulo, komanso si kusokoneza msika kudziletsa lamulo m'munda umenewu. Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndinapeza ndalama kuchokera-bajeti ndalama, bajeti, mayanjano anthu, mabungwe ang'onoang'ono ndi nzika okha kuti tikwaniritse Mwachangu ndi zachuma a boma analandira. Izi ndi mfundo chachinayi cha mfundo za boma ku dera ntchito.

Njira ndi luso la ntchito

Mu ndondomeko zilizonse boma ntchito anatsimikiza makamaka anapereka zolinga kampani ndi zolinga. Komanso, aliyense dziko akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zawo za kuthetsa mavuto pa nkhani imeneyi. Choncho, American chitsanzo kumasulidwa. Zimatengera chilengedwe cha ambiri ntchito, kumene anthu popanda ntchito yapamwamba, ndi ndalama analandira mwa iwo ali otsika. msika ntchito yoteroyo kukhuta mbali yaikulu ya nzika chuma yogwira. Yokhala, mlingo ulova ndi otsika. Komabe, chiwerengero cha anthu ndi ndalama zochepa ali kwambiri kuchuluka.

Mu ntchito chitsanzo Scandinavia pafupifupi onse anthu wamphamvu adzakhala ndi ntchito ndi mawu zokhutitsa ndi zikhalidwe za malipiro. Izi n'zotheka kulenga ambiri wantchito m'boma. Komabe, akukwaniritsa mfundo imeneyi ndi zinadzala ndi zikamera wa mavuto inflationary ndi zikutha m'mayiko thumba.

Polenga chitsanzo chiwerengero European alionse ntchito yafupika ndi kuwonjezeka zokolola ndi ndalama antchito. Kuchita mfundo ziyenera amapereka mwa dongosolo mtengo wa ubwino nambala likuwonjezekabe wa ulova.

Mitundu ya ndondomeko ntchito

M'munda wa ntchito wa nzika zake boma amachita zinthu zonse yogwira ndi kungokhala chete. Woyamba payokha mndandanda wa miyeso umalimbana kulimbikitsa ntchito. mfundo yogwira zikuphatikizapo miyeso umalimbana popewa layoffs ndiponso kupulumutsa ntchito, kuwonjezera anthu Choyenereza ndi maphunziro, gulu la ntchito zosiyanasiyana anthu, kuthandiza ogwira ntchito payekha, ndi zina zotero. D. Zonsezi zimathandiza kuchepetsa mlingo wa ulova mu dziko.

boma satenga miyeso kulimbikitsa ntchito ndondomeko chabe. Iwo okha amalondola zotsatira zoipa zimene zimachitika pa mpweya wambiri wa ulova. boma limalipira ubwino nzika ofuna kupereka zothandizira kusankha ntchito. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, dziko ndi bungwe ndi maudindo ntchito. Komanso, pa malamulo chabe, boma amakonzekera mwamsanga pantchito. Komanso thandizo la ndalama kapena mtundu mu-ku ulova.

m'mayiko olemera ndi chuma kapena maphunziro zochokera msika, ndi, monga ulamuliro, ndi yogwira mfundo za kuntchito kwa nzika zonse. boma likuyesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti:
- inali aliyense amene amafuna izo;
- ntchito zochitika anali pa msinkhu kothandiza kwambiri;
- Pali ufulu wa kusankha wa kuntchito.

Kukwaniritsa zolinga

Kuti choko kunja miyeso yabwino kukhazikitsa ndondomeko m'munda wa ntchito kwa nzika, m'pofunika kuganizira msinkhu ndi siteji ya chitukuko chuma dziko. Chinthu china chofunika pothetsa mavuto a ntchito adzakhala pophatikizana a azimuth ndi chigamulo cha osiyanasiyana mavuto a zachuma ndi chikhalidwe.

Kodi manja mlingo wa pofotokoza ntchito ya anthu? Kusintha chithunzi ichi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zogwirizana ndi mchitidwe ndi zinthu zadziko.

Pre anayamba njira nthawi zonse mgwirizano mu chimango cha mfundo ndi zachuma. Pankhaniyi, zosankha zonse m'munda wa ntchito akufunika osati ndi boma. Masitepe umenewu zofunika olemba ntchito anzawo ndi ogwira ntchito ku.

Akuluakulu kulimbikitsa ntchito

Mu 1991, Federal Employment Service unakhazikitsidwa anthu la Russia. Pakali pano, kasamalidwe Integrated la dziko la ntchito nzika chinkhoswe mu Utumiki wa Labor ndi Social Development wa Russia. Izo analengedwa mu 1996 ndi yothetsera nthawi yomweyo atatu chabe mabungwe okhudzidwa:

- Utumiki wa yothandiza. chitetezo cha anthu.
- Utumiki wa Labor.
- Federal Employment Service.

Mu dipatimenti imeneyi wongokhazikitsidwa anachititsa yopanga ndondomeko ntchito boma. Komanso, Ministry of Labor ndi Development Social amalowerera dongosolo lonse la ntchito nchito maofesi oyandikana.

The Ntchito yaikulu wa bungwe lolamulira ndi kukhala ndi ndalama zina m'munda wa mapulogalamu ntchito mfundo ndi zolinga mu mgwirizano wabwino ndi maofesi oyandikana. Chochitachi umalimbana kuteteza anthu ndi ulova.

ntchito dera amagwira subordinated ku Unduna wa Labor ndi Development Social. Iwo kutsogolera ntchito ziwalo ulamuliro, aikidwa mwachindunji pansi. Pankhaniyi, udindo wa utumiki dera monga:
- kulera;
- malangizo;
- Ndalama;
- kulamulira.

Local Service Employment umayendetsedwa ndi oyang'anira mzindawo mu dera lino, kuchititsa pakufalitsa mwachindunji. Pagona ntchito zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku.

ntchito YEN

Nzika ofuna kupeza ntchito yabwino, ayenera kutsatira kuti pakati pa ntchito za mzinda kapena m'mudzi. Izi ndi structural gawo la Utumiki wa Labor ndi Development Social, adzapereka malangizo ndi kudziwitsa za wantchito zilipo. Komanso, malo ntchito adzakhala ndi chiwerengero cha ntchito zina. Pakati pawo:

- kupereka ndalama kwa ubwino ulova;
- kupereka chuma ndi thandizo maganizo kwa lova komanso mamembala awo yozungulira banja.

MNS kuthetsa anayi ntchito yaikulu. Ali:
- kuteteza moyo wa nzika lova;
- luso;
- mutsogolo nchito;
- kupereka mfundo pa wantchito ntchito.

Directions MNS ntchito

Boma la dziko lililonse bungwe ndi nthawi vuto ntchito kwa nzika. Russian Federal Employment Service akuchita ntchito umalimbana:

- yotani chitukuko ndi kusanthula mlingo wa ntchito;
- Kukonza ndi kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu akulimbana wa milingo boma ndi Kupititsa patsogolo, cholinga chimene - kulimbikitsa ntchito za nzika amene ali pa chiopsezo kuchotsedwa ndipo zinthu amavutika kupeza ntchito;
- gulu la ntchito malangizo, maphunziro ndi retraining lova.

Ntchito imeneyi ndi gulu ndipo ikuchitika kuyang'aniridwa mwachindunji za ulamuliro yoyenera boma, lomwe ndi Dipatimenti ya Ntchito. Iye ali mwa mphamvu zake amalenga ndi imayang'anira ntchito malo.

Dipatimenti ya Employment ayenera:
- kudziwa zinthu pa misika ntchito chigawo, ndi kukhala njira zosiyanasiyana umalimbana kuteteza kapena kuchepetsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha layoffs misa;
- kulinganiza ntchito ya m'kaundula pantchito ndi kuwathandiza ntchito m'tsogolo;
- zoika ndi kulipira ulova ubwino mayina nzika zawo;
- kupereka boma kwa nzika za dziko;
- kulinganiza ntchito ya aliyense wolowa thupi m'zigawozo dongosolo, monga boma oyang'anira tauni ntchito ndipo Dipatimenti District wa SA;
- kulowa mapangano ndi sukulu mu maphunziro akatswiri lova;
- zilimbikitse chitukuko cha malonda ang'onoang'ono.

Kuwonjezera pakufalitsa

matupi m'zigawozo misonkhano ntchito zikugwira ntchito malinga ndi ndondomeko feduro, ndipo amatithandiza ntchito kwa nzika zonse. ntchito yaikulu mu izi kuthetsa kusagwirizana chikhalidwe m'madera Russia. Cholinga Izi zimatheka ndi kukula ndi misika kusintha ntchito, kubweretsa bwino kwa bwana wa wantchito ndi ogwira ntchito zosalembedwa, amaika ntchito ndi zina zotero. D. Choncho pali yothandizira kusintha njira ndi mawonekedwe a ntchito ndi anthu.

Mwachitsanzo, ntchito ya anthu Moscow ndi ena mizinda ina akuyesera kutumiza njira kutsegula la palokha nzika ntchito kufufuza, funsani Center MNS. Kuti tichite zimenezi, antchito utumiki muyika mumachitidwe akuchititsa zokambirana uphungu gulu.

Komanso, ntchito nzika zimathandiza kuti unapangitsa "fairs ntchito", "Banks kuyambiranso makasitomala", "zibonga ntchito", ndi mapulogalamu ena ambiri.