Dzina lake Aleksandr Bell: Wambiri ndipo chidali chifuniro chake (chithunzi)

Dzina lake Aleksandr Grehem Bell anabadwa mu Edinburgh (Scotland) March 3, 1847. Osiyanasiyana zofuna za wasayansi American ndi zatsopano kaja lonse. Mu zatsopano yodabwitsa anatha kuphatikiza luso ndi nzeru za zowulutsira mawu ndi nyimbo, zamagetsi ndi zimango. Zinali dzina lake Aleksandr Bell anatulukira telefoni ndipo kumakhala chinathandiza chitukuko cha makampani kutumiza mauthenga ku United States.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Alexander Melville Bell, anayambitsa bambo tsogolo - ndi zilankhulo akatswiri ndi woyambitsa wa ntchito zikuluzikulu pa luso la oratory. Kwenikweni, ndiye ndi chilengedwe cha "Zongowoneka Kulankhula" dongosolo, amene amalola popereka phokoso la kulankhula kwa anthu chinkalankhulidwa ndi zizindikiro zapadera olembedwa. Ndiyamika mawu awa chitukuko, popanda kudziwa chinenero, akhoza molondola kutchula mawu ena.

Makolo Bell anayesa kuthandiza pazipita kulira kwa luso mawu ndi kungotchula mwana wake. Mu zaka khumi ndi zitatu, Alexander maphunziro Royal wa Edinburgh, ndi chaka anasamukira agogo ake mu London. Apa mwachangu akuyendayenda ovuta elocution, kuwerenga mabuku thematic. Pa zaka sikisitini luso mnyamata amakhala mphunzitsi wa apamwamba ndi nyimbo Weston House Academy. Maphunziro a University of Edinburgh dzina lake Aleksandr Bell sanamalize.

Kusamukira ku America

Posakhalitsa, abale awiri Bell anamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Madokotala analangiza Alexander kusintha zinthu. Aganiza zosamukira ku Canada. Mu 1870, banja lonse anakakhala Ontario, muluwani Brantford.

Kuyambira 1871 Alexander Bell amakhala ku Boston ndi amaphunzitsa pa sukulu apadera ophunzira ogontha. Pa ntchito zake, tsogolo mphunzitsi wasayansi mwachangu kufunafuna njira kusonyeza wogontha articulation cha phokoso la mawu. Makamaka, kuyezetsa zida imene Kakhungu wapadera fluctuated mchikakamizo cha phokoso ndi Phokoso chifukwa tinatengera kwa singano. The singano, nayenso analemba deta pa ng'oma onsewo. Kutulukira Izi Bella anali kutsogolera kwa atulukira yake yaikulu.

"Kulankhula Telegraph"

Mu 1876, chionetsero World (Philadelphia), wasayansi anapereka kwa anthu onse makina chodabwitsa, zomwe Iye amatchedwa "kulankhula wanthambo". Ichi chinali telefoni poyamba Aleksandra Bella. Inu mukhoza kulingalira anadabwa ndi mamembala loweruza, pamene iwo anatha kumva wokamba za Chidanishi Prince monologue wotchuka "Kunena kapena ayi kuti?" Ndani nthawi yomweyo kuwerenga mu chipinda lotsatira anayambitsa yekha. Nkosafuna kunena kuti chigamulo cha loweruza pa foni woyamba pa dziko anali wopezeka - kukhala?

Ntchito kuthekera chizindikiro wailesi ya njira telefoni wasayansi anayamba More ku Scotland. Ngakhale mu America, anapitiriza kukula kwake. Maonekedwe a foni yoyamba padziko lonse chinathandiza zina zambiri zoyambitsidwa chidwi.

Mwachitsanzo, panthawi ina Bella anakhoza kulenga wapadera limba magetsi, kulola kulanda ndi waya phokoso la nyimbo.

Pamene kampani "Western Union" waneneratu yaikulu ndalama mphotho kwa aliyense amene angapange kupeza njira popereka matelegalamu angapo nthawi imodzi, ntchito imodzi yokha awiri mawaya. Utsogoleri anayesetsa kupereka wanthambo mizere zina, ndi Bell anatha n'kuwapatsa njira yoyenera - mothandizidwa ndi chitukuko zinayamba kutheka popereka kwa 7 matelegalamu nthawi yomweyo!

Mu zinthu sayansi Bell anagwira ntchito limodzi ndi Thomas Watson, ndipo malingana ndi malamulo a zamagetsi ake anafunsa munthu wasayansi wotchuka ku Boston D. Henry.

moyo wasayansi

June 11, 1877 Alexander Bell anakwatira wophunzira ake poyamba Meybl Habbard. Mkazi wa inventor zotayika kumva kwake ana aang'ono, pa usinkhu wa zaka zinayi, pambuyo kudwala fever. Pambuyo pa mwambo wa ukwati banjali anabwerera kunyumba Bell ku England. Apa, anayambitsa mwakhama kuuza aliyense za wanthambo chodabwitsa kulankhula. "Telefoni lingaliro" anapatsidwa ngakhale kuti banja lachifumu, amene mamembala anabwera anasangalala yosatheka kuneneka.

Bell ndi mkazi wake anakhala zaka 45. nthawi ili yonse pakati pawo anakhalabe asapita ofunda ndi wochezeka.

Bwino ndi kuzindikira

Pambuyo odziwika ndi makampani olemera anakana kugula ufulu kupanga matelefoni wasayansi analenga American kampani Kulankhula Telefoni Company, amene pambuyo nthawi zina anakhala waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse ndipo zinayamba kubala akadzabweranso yaikulu. Ndi March 1979, dzina lake Aleksandr Bell ndi mkazi wake analandira 15% ya phindu okwana, ndi 1883 mthupi mwawo wafika chilemba chidwi ya madola miliyoni.

Mu 1880, inventor anapambana Volta. Bell analandira ndalama ntchito pa chitukuko cha latsopano ntchito galamafoni - mmodzi wa oyambirira mu dziko la machitidwe phokoso kujambula, olengedwa mwa mgwirizano ndi Charles Sumner Tainter.

Pa nthawi yomweyo anapitiriza ntchito yake m'munda wa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, ku yunivesite ya Heidelberg analemekeza Bell aulemu unamwino digiri kwa zikuchitika wake kumunda wa Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa lamayimbidwe.

Kuwonjezera foni anapita. Mu 1881, anakhala pafupi kwathunthu ntchito.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Dzina lake Aleksandr Bell ndipo chidali chifuniro chake chakhala kwenikweni anatembenuza dziko chadodolido. Mwatsoka, thanzi anayamba kulephera wasayansi. Mpaka mpweya wanga wotsiriza wa mkazi wake Mabel kwambiri. Kenako, iye analemba mu zolemba ake kuti uthenga chete otsiriza Bella anali atachoka amaonekera kugwedeza zala pa nthawi imene iye anamufunsa kuti amusiye iye. Zatsopano anafa August 4, 1922. Monga chizindikiro cha kulira kwa asayansi yaikulu Canada ndi United States mafoni onse, umene panthawi imeneyo unali oposa 13 miliyoni kuti ndikozimitsa.

Chidwi mfundo ku moyo wa zatsopano ndi

Wambiri ya Aleksandra Bella chidwi pansi ku mbali zochepetsetsa. Choncho, wasayansi wotchuka anali mu chizolowezi ntchito mwapadera mu mdima, usiku. Nthawi zina kumakhaladi chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ndi mikangano pakati pa akazi. Kumvetsetsa nkhawa Mabel Bell wapanga mobwerezabwereza anayesa ofunitsitsa kubwerera ku "wamphamvu" tsiku lililonse, koma iwo analephera.

Ndipo August 15, 1877 pakati Alexander ndi lodziwika bwino chi wake wa Thomas Edison unachitikira kukangana chidwi, kenako anatsimikiza mtima wa masika. Edison anatsimikizira kuti wabwino wa moni pa chiyambi cha kucheza telefoni ndi mawu akuti "moni Onjezani", umene Russia anali lidzasinthidwa odziwika bwino ife "moni". Sam foni zatsopano akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "ahoy" omwe anamasuliridwa ngati, "Hei, amene ali uko?".

Ndi chidwi kuti Bell sanapite kugwiritsa ntchito foni - kuyitana amatengeka naye kuganizila ndi ntchito. Koma ngakhale mayi ake kapena mkazi wake, sanathenso kulankhula - iwo onse anali wogontha.