Chudakov dzina lake Aleksandr Pavlovich: yonena, zilandiridwenso ndi chidwi mfundo

Chudakov dzina lake Aleksandr Pavlovich - mmodzi wa akatswiri a zinenero chidwi kwambiri, otsutsa mabuku ndi olemba Soviet Union, amene analowa m'malo mwa miyambo ya philology maphunziro.

Ambiri mwa ntchito yake zolembalemba, Alexander Pavlovich odzipereka ntchito Antona Pavlovicha Chehova. imfa yake mwadzidzidzi anasiya mafunso ambiri ndi ntchito yosatha.

Banja ndi maphunziro

Kunja kunali mwaukali 1938. Alexander Pavlovich anabadwa mu banja laluntha m'tauni yaing'ono ya Shchuchinsk ku Northern Kazakhstan (ndiye Chikazaki Soviet Socialist Republic). Sizinali ngati aluntha banja, aphunzitsi ndi banja - mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa mu mzinda wonse. Ngakhale malo unachitikira, banja lake zambiri zoipa analankhula zokhudza zimene boma la Soviet ndi za utsogoleri wa Stalin. Komabe, zinangochitika mwa zinthu zinkawayendera, makolo simunayambe mlandu kapena kulangidwa ndendende chifukwa chakuti ali pafupi mphunzitsi yekha m'tauni yaing'ono ya Chikazaki.

Komabe, nthawi chidwi kwambiri kuyamba mu 1955, pamene Chudakov dzina lake Aleksandr Pavlovich akadzafika mu Moscow ndipo pa ulendo woyamba atadza pa Philological mphamvu ya Moscow State University. Kuyambira pachiyambi, Iye adalowa ophunzira pamwamba asanu kumene ndipo anayima ndi kalembedwe yake yapadera Pofotokoza ndi maganizo odabwitsa.

Pamene ndinali kuwerenga pa MSU, ndi oyamba kumene Alexander Pavlovich yodziwa ndi chidwi kwambiri mkazi - Marietta Khan-Magomedova lomwe kenako anakwatiwa ndi moyo wake wonse.

njira kulenga

Patatha zaka zinayi, kuyambira pamene anamaliza maphunziro a ku yunivesite ndiponso sukulu maphunziro, Chudakov dzina lake Aleksandr Pavlovich anayamba kugwira ntchito pa Institute of World Literature. Komanso, kuphunzira pa Moscow University State, Institute of Literature, Russian State ovutika University. Kenako, anaitanidwa wophunzitsa pa yunivesite kutsogolera ku Ulaya, USA ndi Asia.

Pokhala wolowa miyambo ya philology maphunziro, Alexander Pavlovich kufunika anaika pa chinenero ndi mawu ndipo anayesa kusunga mwambo, amphamvu Chirasha, osati mmalo mwa mfundo chabe.

Chudakov dzina lake Aleksandr, amene yonena anali anafupikitsa mwadzidzidzi kwambiri, wakhala nkhani zoposa 200, monographs ndi maphunziro mabuku Russian. Makamaka zambiri za ntchito yake Yoswa A. P. Chehovu. ntchito yake yotchuka cha 1971, "The Poetics wa Chekhov a" inavuta kwambiri mu dziko la Philology ndipo anapambana mitima ya otsutsa ndi ofufuza.

Komanso, tanthauzo la mabuku anaphunzira ndakatulo ya Pushkin ndipo anadzipereka kuphunzira lonse "Beaver kolala" Evgeniya Onegina.

Kukambirana ndi chachikulu

"Interlocutor lalikulu" - ambiri wotchedwa Alexander Pavlovich. Ndicho chifukwa philologist ndi ankadziwika mayina ake zosaneneka ndi catchy moyo kucheza ndi otsutsa kwambiri zolembalemba za m'ma 20. Sergei Bondi, Lydia Ginzburg, Victor Shklovsky, Yuri Tynyanov - ili ndi mndandanda chosakwanira mabwenzi zolembalemba. Pa moyo wake anali ndi kope limene kulemba maganizo onse, nkhani, aphorisms ndi ogwidwa akatswiri otchuka.

Ntchito mu Seoul, Chudakov dzina lake Aleksandr Pavlovich anamasulidwa ntchito "Kumvetsera. Ndikuphunzira. Ndinafunsa. Atatu Kukambirana ". Buku ili osowa linasindikizidwa mabaibulo 10 basi. Limangotsatira zokambirana ndi maganizo zolembalemba, kuyambira 20s ndi kutsiriza ndi 70 mi wa XX atumwi.

"Mabodza Chifunga pa siteji akale"

Ndi bwino chifukwa cha buku lake - chokumbukira ubwana ndi moyo wa banja lake Kazakhstan. Kumeneko wolemba amapereka inexpressible Chekhovian ankaonera zinasungidwa ku banja lake.

Bukuli - osati kukumbukira kukumbukira banja ndi ubwana za nthawi, anthu ndi ndodo ya mkulu wauzimu. Iwo anatha kuchotsa zonse ndi kupulumuka mu osiyana, sankadziwa dziko la ukapolo wa tauni yaing'ono. Kamodzi luntha anali kumanga okha nyumba, kuika uvuni ndi kulima kuzidyetsa wokha.

Chudakov dzina lake Aleksandr Pavlovich, yonena lopatsidwa kwathunthu mabuku Russian, iye analemba idyll buku. Inasindikizidwa mu magazini "Chabwino" mu 2000, asankha kuti Booker Prize ndipo walandira mphoto "Russian Booker khumi" akamwalira wolemba mu 2011. Patatha zaka ziwiri, amene akufalitsa nyumba "Time" lofalitsidwa ndi buku 5000 makope apatukane. Mu buku limeneli agulitsa mu masiku oyambirira angapo.

Agogo Alexander Pavlovich

Mbali yaikulu ya buku amatenga agogo, ndi zinachitika amene anali agogo ake a Alexander Pavlovich. Pa nthawi ina iye anali wansembe ndi pulofesa pa nthawi yomweyo. Moyo anakakamizika iye kusiya zonse ndi kupita pamodzi ndi banja lanu ndi tauni yaing'ono imene ili m'malire a Siberia ndi Kazakhstan. Mmenemo analowa fano la amphamvu Russian wamba ndiponso ozindikira nthawi yomweyo.

Kuti andithandiza zosaneneka pa Chudakov panokha ndi akumvera. abwenzi ake anakumbukira, zolembalemba, ntchito pa kanyumba m'mudzi thupi njanji anapita kulemba nkhani zawo. Ndi kuyamika agogo ake wolemba wotchuka anaganiza kulemba mbiri yakale "lofotokoza la moyo Russian."

makhalidwe

Akuti abwenzi ndi anzake, dzina lake Aleksandr Pavlovich Chudakov anali mwamuna wamphamvu mu moyo ndi ntchito. Mu zaka 60, iye amakhoza kupita kwa wophunzitsa ndi pamaso zimene zimadzaza nyanja ndi kusangalala ndi kulimbitsa thupi.

Monga munthu wamphamvu, iye akanakhoza kukhala munthu wothamanga wabwino. Leonid Meshkov, wotchuka Soviet kusambira ndi mphunzitsi, kupereka akatswiri Chudakov akasambire, koma wotsutsa zolembalemba n'ngokhulupirikabe dziko la cholembera ndi mawu.

Kuti chachilendo ndi mwamuna wabwino dzina lake Alexander Chudakov mbiri ...

mabuku

Books Chudakov - lonse "chodabwitsa cha moyo Russian." Limafotokoza ntchito ya abwenzi zolembalemba ndi anzake. Liveliness, ndichiyembekezo mphamvu zosaneneka pamodzi ndi malingaliro abwino ndi maganizo maphunziro. Ngati owolowa manja ndi munthu wa umunthu mkulu, Eccentrics maganizo awo akamagwiritsa ntchito. The zili ambiri mwa nkhani zake ndi ntchito kwambiri kunena mwachindunji za mbiri akuwadzudzula. Iwo analidi munthu wamoyo, ndi nthabwala, amadziwa kupeza wangwiro, ngakhale zokongoletsa kwambiri mfundo.

Chiwonongeko ndi cholowa kulenga

October 3, 2005 pa zochitika chodabwitsa chodabwitsa afa Chudakov dzina lake Aleksandr Pavlovich. Chifukwa cha imfa - aakulu zoopsa ubongo choipa. Iye anali ndi zaka 69, ndipo iye sanakhale moyo miyezi ingapo kuti makumi asanu ndi awiri. ngoziyi inkachitika pakhomo la nyumba imene wolembayo anali ndi moyo. Pa ankafika pa getsi osapsa. Cranks kukwera masitepe, iye kugwera. Chifukwa cholakwa chachikulu sadalole mutu, ndipo izo zinali chifukwa cha imfa.

Ambiri a m'nthawi yake, anzake ndi anthu pafupi kunena kuti zinali basi atamwalira, monga wolemba wakhala kwambiri maganizo a kulenga ndi njira kuti iye anali nayo nthawi kuzitsatira. Imodzi mwa ntchito zimenezi - Kutolere kukambirana ndi mafunso pamwamba kwambiri philologists, nzeru ena ndi anzeru za m'ma 20. Eccentrics akadali amaonedwa kukhala mmodzi wa akatswiri bwino ntchito za A. P. Chehova.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Pa moyo wake, Alexander Pavlovich analowa zinthu zoseketsa. Cha m'ma Mipingo, pamene Amsterdam ndi anzanga, anapita Eccentrics wophunzira zolembalemba club. Kumeneko, mmodzi wa ophunzira Dutch kuphunzira kuti pamaso pake - wotchuka zolembalemba wotsutsa, katswiri Chekhov anabwera anadabwa zakutchire ndi chimwemwe. Mwadzidzidzi anapereka Chudakov ndudu hemp. Pamene anazindikira mwa Alexander Pavlovich, inali nthawi imeneyo anazindikira kuti otchuka ndi okondedwa ndi ambiri, monga otsutsa wolemekezeka ndi ophunzira wamba.

Kodi akunena zokhudza ntchito ya Wolemba philologist, Alexander Chudakov, ndemanga? Ogwidwa ku ntchito zake, kuweruza ndi nsanamira pa maonekedwe nkhani zogwirizana, monga ambiri. Komabe, zimenezi si zodabwitsa. Iwo kwenikweni lodzala ndi tanthauzo ndi akatswiri nthabwala. Anthu amene anadziwa Alexander Pavlovich yekha ananenetsa kuti ankadziwa zambiri za nkhani ndipo akhoza kuchereza aliyense nthabwala zabwino kapena nkhani ku moyo wa olemba lodziwika bwino. Potsiriza, ife kupereka ena akugwira mawu ndiwotani ambiri "Mabodza Chifunga pa siteji akale" wa buku la. Mwina kuwerenga izi lodzala ndi tanthauzo lalikulu la mawu mukufuna timudziwe bwino ntchito ya lyricist zodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo yang'anani kupyolera mu masamba a ena, chimodzimodzi chidwi za ntchito zake. Choncho:

• "Tiyenera chitetezo ku psyche wa munthu ano kukula mofulumira wolusa wa zinthu, mitundu, kuchokera mothamanga-kusintha dziko."
• "Mwachilungamo Umphawi - umphawi nthawi zonse mpaka malire. Apa panali umphawi. Lowopsya - kuyambira ukhanda. Opemphapempha si abwino. "
• "Chilango agogo anali awiri, sindidzamwanso sitiroko mutu wanu ndi - musati kumpsompsona usiku. Wachiwiri anali koipa; kumene agogo akewo ntchito, Anton analira mpaka pakati pa usiku. "
• "... zikuoneka Khrushchev anafunsa mutsogoleli wa Finland, iwo ali ndi imfa. Iye anati: "Bola ngati zana pa zana" ".
• "Anapitirizabe mu mutu ndi mawu ena Babkiny - mwina chifukwa ena anadabwa awo. - Monga iliyonse kalonga, iye ankadziwa ntchito lathe. - Monga ophunzira onse oona, iye ankakonda chakudya losavuta: msuzi, buckwheat phala ... ".
• "Dedov chuma ndale linali losavuta: boma akumulanda anapereka zonse. Si bwino kuti apo panali mmodzi yekha: komwe ndi namwali ".