Chichewa, owonetsera zakale: akafuna kugwira ntchito, zithunzi ndi ndemanga

Kumanzere mtsinje wa Volga ndi yaing'ono, koma momasuka kwambiri ndi wobiriwira mudzi - Chichewa (mpaka 1931 - Pokrovsk). Dzikoli ndi lachiwiri kwambiri ambiri m'dera Saratov. mzinda kale ndi chidwi, zambiri zowoneka ndi malo osangalatsa amene muyenera kutsatira. Koma ankadziwa mzinda ndi bwino kuyamba ndi m'dera mbiri zakale, muli zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho chidwi, photos, zikalata, kuwauza za mbiri ndi chitukuko cha Chichewa.

History owonetsera zakale

History Museum (Chichewa) anakhazikitsidwa mu July 1925, pambuyo kusankha ofunda pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa National Museum wa Volga Germany. The kanthu kwa chilengedwe cha bungwe ili anapangidwa wotsogolera woyamba wa nyumbayi, ndi luso ndi odziwika zilankhulo, pulofesa wa University Saratov, ethnographer G. G. Dinges.

Kale mu zaka zoyambirira za zopereka Zinthu zovala anali anasonkhana zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu German la Republic chamtengo mipukutu zokhudzana ndi mbiri ya madera yachilendo, zikalata pa linanso lofotokoza ethnography. Ndodo owonetsera zakale anali kalikiliki kafukufuku.

Mu August 1941, monga inu mukudziwa, Republic wa Volga Germany kunatha, ndipo m'nyumbayi chatsekedwa. Zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho akhala kunditumiza ku mabungwe osiyana likasungidwe ndipo mwatsoka, ambiri a iwo akhala irretrievably anataya. M'nyumbayi anatsitsimuka nkhondo itatha, koma iye ali ndi udindo osiyana - owonetsera zakale. Chichewa pang'onopang'ono kubwezeretsedwa nkhondo itatha, ndipo m'nyumbayi anali kudzadza ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho latsopano.

Mu 1960 nyumbayi ankapita ndi Evdokia Alexandrovna Bozhenko kuti ntchito anatenga Inde pa chilengedwe cha Museum, zimene zikhale zochokera ntchito m'dera mbiri. Koma kuchita bwino chakale owonetsera zakale ntchito ndi Kumangidwa kwa mtundu mbiri ya bungwe, chimene iye anali mu 20. Mu zaka zapitazo, kunali kokha mu 90s oyambirira. m'ma XX.

Pa nthawi imeneyo, nyumbayi yotsatira kale ndi chiwiri anagwidwa ku nyumba yatsopano yaikulu ndi kowala mu mzinda (Chichewa). History Local Museum motsogozedwa ndi mkulu watsopano S. I. Spiridonovoy walowa nyengo yatsopano ya chitukuko. Lero ndi mmodzi wa anthu otchuka ndipo ambiri anapita mabungwe chikhalidwe cha mzinda.

Chichewa: National History Museum lero

Monga tanena kale, nyumbayi ili pakati pa mzinda, pa adiresi: up. Gorky 4. Nyumba zamakono ili pa magombe a mtsinje wa Volga mu paki kwabasi, ndi padoko ndi tauni lalikulu. Modern mkati, umene uli wopanda zobwera kamangidwe, chowala, zipinda yaikulu ya nyumbayi ndi mpata kuona ufulu kuyenda, kuganizira kukhudzana ndi.

Ndi kufotokoza zambiri komanso malo chionetsero, owonetsera zakale (Chichewa) sananene lokha zofooka ochiritsira ndipo amanga chitsanzo cha m'nyumbayi watsopano, amene ndinazolowera moyo wamakono. Kuwonjezera zakale chikhalidwe ichi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho mtundu wa mbiri mzinda ndi dera, pali thematic yoonetsa luso chi, zolembalemba ntchito kucheza, makamu misonkhano ndi mapwando.

M'nyumbayi ndi lotseguka kwa alendo tsiku lililonse 10:00 kuti 17:00. Lachitatu ku 10:00 kuti 21:00. Lolemba - kutsekedwa.

zopereka owonetsera zakale

Panopa, m'nyumbayi wa kuphunzira m'deralo (Chichewa) ali zosonkhanitsira wokongola lalikulu zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho kuti zili m'magulumagulu. Ena a iwo ife angakuuzeni zambiri.

pofukula

Ndi zosonkhanitsira yaikulu ya nyumbayi, zomwe zimabweretsa pamodzi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zoposa zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu. Limafotokoza M'mbiri yonse wakale. Zipangizo anasonkhana pano amati kuli zikhalidwe ndi chitukuko cha masiku amakedzana zosiyanasiyana unakhudzadi kwambiri pa mbiri. Pakati pawo, woyamba zida mwala a nyengo Paleolithic, maketulo mkuwa ndi mikondo.

Makamaka amanyadira ndodo ya m'nyumbayi mndandanda wa golide Huns, zimene zinaphatikizapo zodzikongoletsera, zodzikongoletsera anapanga njira zosiyanasiyana. Mofanana wapatali ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ndi oyambirira Ages Middle.

Art zosonkhanitsira

Nkhani ina m'nyumbayi mzinda ndi luso ake malangizo. Mwaupeza zaka zosonkhanitsira amasonyeza magawo onse mu moyo luso mu mzinda wa Chichewa chitukuko. History Local Museum ndi lofunika kwambiri ndi waukulu mu dziko mndandanda wa ntchito ndi J. Weber. Great mbuye wa Volga zokongola ndi chosaneneka zojambula za zoyambirira za m'ma otsiriza kumanzere kwa katswiri chidzukulu.

Kuwonjezera zojambula ndi Yakova Vebera, m'nyumbayi akupereka chopereka aluso ambiri German - M. Hyde, W. Michaelis, R. Fink, E. Dorsch, Ehrlich ndi ena. Mu nyumbayi mukhoza kuwona ntchito mwa ambuye anazindikira - A. Kravchenko, A. Mylnikova, Vladimir Zotov, R. Mertslina, Vasiliev, Govorov.

mabuku

Mwatsoka, laibulale, komanso Archive sayansi ya Museum wa Volga Germany, kuiwala: lidakalipobe mbali yaing'ono chabe. Collection buku zosonkhanitsira tsopano manambala palibe makope oposa mazana atatu: mabuku maphunziro ndi sayansi pa mbiri ya zinthu zakale, ethnography, almanacs, Mabaibulo osowa olemba Russian ndi magazini. Apa mutha kuona bukhu kuchokera kwa malaibulale a anthu ambiri otchuka a m'mbuyomu.

chida

Izi deta - wamng'ono mu nyumbayi. Iye anayamba kusonkhanitsa cha m'ma-makumi awiri, pamene m'nyumbayi anali anapereka makope angapo a WWII zida. Lero, zosonkhanitsira akadali ang'ono - zosaposa 100 mayunitsi, koma amaphatikizapo chidwi zinthu - zida za nkhondo mu 1812, Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ndi nkhondo.

Pakuti zitsanzo izi, inu mukhoza kuweruza chitukuko cha zida dziko lathu, ndi kusirira luso la olemba odziwika ndi osadziwika, amene zitsulo analanda nzeru zawo ndi luso. Kuwonjezera mfuti, zosonkhanitsira ndi bladed.

Photo Collection

A kale ndipo chidwi tauni Chichewa. History Local Museum ali ndi chopereka chachikulu cha zithunzi. Zimasonyezanso kuti maonekedwe a moyo wa mzinda Volga za m'ma XIX masiku ano. Makamaka n'zofunika zipangizo zosonyeza mbali ya chikhalidwe cha Volga Germany.

zisudzo

Mu nyumbayi mukhoza kukaona chionetserocho, ntchito momaliziratu. Pakati pawo:

1. "Ubwenzi Bridge. Chichewa-Wuppertal "odzipereka kwa chikhalidwe co-machitidwe a mizinda.
2. A zambiri zakuthupi chidwi anasonkhana Regional Museum (Chichewa) pa centenary wa First World nkhondo. Chionetsero "Nkhope ya nkhondo aiwala" ndi chidwi kwambiri kwa okonda mbiri ya dziko lathu.
3. "Bwererani Moyo" - chionetsero pa mbiri ya mzinda chida School.

Komanso, nthawi zonse makamu yoonetsa ntchito za akatswiri achinyamata, misonkhano ndi olemba ndi. Mu February chaka chino Ophunzirawo mwachangu kupezeka m'dera mbiri owonetsera zakale (Chichewa). Maloboti tiransifoma pano monga mbali ya Moscow amasonyeza wotsegulira chionetserocho "Rise of makina" adzitengere ulamuliro unyamata.

seventini ziwiri mita loboti kuperekedwa mu chionetsero zachilendo kuti ndi ngwazi za mafilimu zopeka sayansi ndi a pakompyuta. Kuonetsetsa kuti ana anali kuona, iwo anapanga bungwe maulendo ku midzi ana pafupi mu Chichewa. National History Museum (foni, limene ntchito amavomerezedwa, mudzakhala n'chiyani boma la) mwa maikidwe motsogozedwa maulendo pa Matebulo onse ndi zisudzo.

Reviews

owonetsera zakale alendo ambiri chikondwerero malo yabwino mu mtima wa mzinda, pa a mtsinjewo. M'nyumbayi lero mu chikhalidwe chabwino, ndi zaukhondo ndi aukhondo, ndodo tcheru kwambiri ndi aulemu, ndi atsogoleri - akatswiri woona amene amakonda ndi kudziwa ntchito yawo. N'chifukwa chake maulendo aliyense alibe chidwa.