Cadmium: zotsatirapo pa thupi la munthu. Kutentha kwambiri kwachitsulo

Kodi cadmium ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi chitsulo cholemera chimene chimapangidwa ndi kusungunula zitsulo zina, monga zinki, mkuwa kapena kutsogolera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabatire a cadmium. Komanso, utsi wa ndudu uli ndi chinthu choterocho. Chifukwa cha kupatsirana kwa cadmium, matenda a mapapo ndi matenda a impso amapezeka. Tiyeni tione mbali zachitsulo mwatsatanetsatane.

Chiwerengero cha Cadmium

Ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito mafakitale ameneŵa pogwiritsa ntchito zokutira, zomwe zimateteza zitsulo kuchokera ku mpweya. Kuphimba uku kumapindulitsa kwambiri kuposa zinc, nickel kapena tini, chifukwa ngati zowonongeka sizimasintha.

Ndi chiyani chinanso chimene chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi cadmium? Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Mankhwala a Cadmium omwe ali ndi zing'onozing'ono zamkuwa, nickel ndi siliva amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto, ndege ndi maimina.

Kodi cadmium imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pati?

Mafotolo, metallurgist ndi antchito ogwirizana ndi nsalu zamagetsi, zamagetsi ndi zamatri nthawi zambiri amakhala pangozi ya cadmium poizoni. Mabatire a nickel-cadmium amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafoni zam'manja ndi zipangizo zina zamagetsi. Chitsulochi chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga pulasitiki, pepala, zophimba zitsulo. Nthaka zambiri zomwe zimamera nthawi zonse zimatha kukhala ndi chitsulo choopsa kwambiri.

Chuma cholemera kwambiri: katundu

Cadmium, komanso mankhwala ake amachititsa kuti tizirombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma sitinatsimikizidwe kuti kachilombo kakang'ono kamene kamayambitsa khansa. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazitsulo zopangidwa ndi mafakitale kumathandiza kuti chitukuko cha m'mapapo chikhale chonchi, koma pakudya zakudya zowonongeka, saika khansa.

Kodi Cadmium imalowa bwanji mu thupi laumunthu?

Kwa nthawi yaitali anthu akhala akudziŵa kuti utsi wa ndudu uli ndi cadmium. Chitsulo cholemera chimenechi chimalowa m'thupi la munthu wosuta fodya kamodzi kokha kawiri kawiri ka munthu, kamene kamakhala kosayenera kutero. Komabe, kusuta fodya kungakhale kovulaza.

Zomera zobiriwira, tirigu ndi mbatata zomwe zimakula pa nthaka zomwe zili ndi cadmium zambiri zingakhale zoopsya. Zowonjezera zazitsulozi zimatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha chiwindi ndi impso za moyo wam'madzi ndi nyama.

Makampani ambiri ogulitsa mafakitale, makamaka ma metallurgical, amamasula cadmium ambiri m'mlengalenga. Anthu okhala pafupi ndi mabungwe amenewa amangoika pangozi.

Mayiko ena alimi akugwiritsa ntchito feteleza phosphate, omwe ali ndi cadmium. Zamakono zomwe zapangidwa padziko lino lapansi zingakhale zoopsya kwa anthu.

Zotsatira za cadmium pa thupi la munthu

Kotero, ife tasokoneza zomwe cadmium. Zotsatira za thupi la munthu la heavy metal iyi zingayambitse mavuto. Mu ziwalo zilizonse zamoyo, ziri muchuluka chochepa, ndipo gawo lake lachilengedwe silinamvetsetse bwino. Kawirikawiri cadmium imakhudzana ndi ntchito yoipa.

Mpweya wake woopsa umachokera ku kutsekemera kwa sulfure zomwe zili ndi amino acid, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa mapuloteni a metabolism ndi kuwonongeka kwa khungu. Chitsulo cholemera chimenechi chimathandiza kuchotsa kashiamu ku mafupa ndipo zimakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje. Amatha kudziunjikira mu impso ndi chiwindi, ndipo amachotsedwa mthupi pang'onopang'ono. Izi zingatenge makumi ambiri. Kawirikawiri cadmium imachotsedwa mu mkodzo ndi nyansi.

Kutsegula kwa cadmium

Izi zimalowa m'gulu la ogwira ntchito mu ntchito. Pofuna kupewa izi, gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo zoteteza. Kusanyalanyaza lamuloli kumabweretsa mavuto. Ngati mupuma mu cadmium, zotsatira za thupi la munthu la chitsulo zimasonyeza motere: kutentha kwa thupi kumatuluka, kuzizira ndi ululu wa minofu zikuwonekera.

Pakapita kanthawi, pamakhala mapangidwe m'mapapo, pamakhala kupweteka m'chifuwa, kupuma pang'ono, chifuwa. Pa milandu yovuta, matendawa amachititsa imfa ya wodwalayo. Kutentha kwa mpweya umene uli ndi cadmium kumathandizira kuti chitukuko cha impso ndi matenda otupa mafupa apite patsogolo. Mpata wa kansa yamapapo imatuluka kangapo.

Cadmium kudya ndi chakudya

Kodi cadmium yoopsa ndi yotani m'madzi ndi chakudya? Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza thupi nthawi zonse, mankhwalawa amayamba kuwonjezeka, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatirapo zoipa: impso zathyoledwa, minofu imafooka, chiwindi ndi mtima zimakhudzidwa, ndipo pamakhala zovuta kwambiri imfa imachitika.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi cadmium kungayambitse kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kunyozetsa, kupweteka m'mimba, kutsekula m'mimba ndi kusanza. Kuonjezera apo, pali zizindikiro zomwe zimafanana ndi chimfine, zimakhazikitsa laryngeal edema ndi kugwedeza m'manja.

Zifukwa za poizoni ndi cadmium

Kuopsa kwa poizoni wazitsulo kawirikawiri kumapezeka kwa ana, a shuga, amayi omwe ali ndi pakati komanso omwe akulera, omwe amazunza fodya. Ku Japan, kuledzera thupi ndi cadmium kumachitika chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mpunga wodetsedwa. Pankhaniyi, kusasamala kumapangitsa, impso zimakhudzidwa, mafupa amachepa ndi kupunduka.

Malo otukuka m'mayiko, momwe kuyenga mafuta ndi mabungwe a metallurgical alipo, otchuka chifukwa chakuti dothi laipitsidwa ndi cadmium. Ngati zomera zimakula kumalo amenewa, zikhoza kukhala zoopsa kwambiri.

Mbali yaikulu yambiri ikhoza kusonkhanitsa fodya. Ngati zipangizozo zouma, ndiye kuti zitsulo zikuwonjezeka. Kudya kwa cadmium m'thupi kumachitika ndi kusuta fodya komanso mosasamala. Kupezeka kwa khansara yamapapo kumadalira molingana ndi zomwe zili mu utsi wa chitsulo.

Kuchiza kwa poizoni

Zizindikiro za poizoni ya cadmium:

• Kugonjetsa kayendedwe kabwino ka mitsempha;
• Kupweteka kovuta m'mapfupa;
• Mapuloteni mu mkodzo;
• Miyendo ya impso;
• Kulephera kwa ziwalo zoberekera.

Ngati chiwopsezo choopsa chimachitika, wogwidwayo ayenera kutenthedwa, ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino ndi mtendere zikupita patsogolo. Atatha kusamba m'mimba, amafunika kupereka mkaka wofewa, womwe umawonjezera soda pang'ono. Palibe cadmium antidotes. Pofuna kusokoneza zitsulo, gwiritsani ntchito "Unitiol", steroids ndi diuretics. Chithandizo chokwanira chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito oimira cadmium (zinc, iron, selenium, mavitamini). Dokotala akhoza kupereka zakudya zolimbikitsa zomwe zili ndi kuchuluka kwa mapulogalamu ndi pectin.

Zotsatira zotheka

Chitsulo chofanana ndi cadmium chimakhudza kwambiri thupi la munthu, ndipo ngati chinthuchi chakupha, zotsatira zake zingakhale zoopsa. Amapangitsa kashiamu kukhala mafupa, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti mafupa asinthe. Kwa akuluakulu ndi ana, msana umayamba kupindika ndipo kupunduka kwa mafupa kumachitika. Muunyamata, poizoni wotero amachititsa kuvutika maganizo ndi ubongo.

Kutsiliza

Potero, tachotsa chinthu cholemera kwambiri, monga cadmium. Zotsatira za thupi la munthu la chinthu ichi ndizovuta kwambiri. Pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka m'thupi, kumabweretsa chiwonongeko cha ziwalo zambiri. Mutha kudzipha nokha ndi cadmium ngati mutadya zakudya zambiri zonyansa. Zotsatira za poizoni ndizoopsa.