Bwanji Mng'oma wa wothandizila kuwomba kwa thovu ndi manja anu

Thovu konkire monga chuma kumanga amapereka chabwino matenthedwe kutchinjiriza zimatha nyumba ndi nyumba ya kufunika zachuma. Kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa akutali zipinda yaing'ono mpweya amapanga mpanda wa zinthu zovuta. zipinda izi ndi zomveka bwino kutchinjiriza ndi chitetezo mkulu moto. Kuti chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi simenti anagula katundu zimenezi, m'pofunika kuwonjezera wothandizila thobvu kwa thovu.

yankho A akamagwira mpweya, kuchuluka kwa osakaniza ndi kuchuluka popanda kuwonjezera kulemera. Air kachigawo akhoza pripadat 80% ya m'buku ake okwana.

Thovu: zikuchokera

The Gawo ali: Portland simenti M400 kapena M500, mchenga, madzi ndi kuchita thobvu wothandizila kwa chithovu. Nthawi zina, monga akaphatikiza opepuka n'zotheka Kuwonjezera dongo kukodzedwa. The osakaniza konkire akhoza kukhala kachulukidwe osiyanasiyana malingana ndi chiŵerengero cha zigawo (simenti / mchenga: 1 / 1-1 / 3), kungakhale kwa 600 kwa 1600 makilogalamu / m³. Pakuti thovu mbandakucha mchenga konkire si ntchito.

kumwa madzi ntchito, ndi mchenga popanda zosafunika. Pakuti kachulukidwe anapatsidwa zakuthupi chiŵerengero madzi simenti wa njira ayenera kukhala osachepera 0,38. Kuchepetsa phindu zimenezi kudzapangitsa kuti simenti ndi anasankhidwa kuti anachita madzi a chithovu.

Ku khalidwe ndi kugwilizana thobvu luso ntchito umadalira pa chiwerengero cha mpweya thovu. Izi zimakhudza kachulukidwe ndi mphamvu ya chuma yotsirizidwa. Bwino yophika woyera thovu mosavuta unachitikira mu chidebe pamene mozondoka.

umisiri

Choti khalidwe la thovu, muyenera tcheru ndi yunifolomu kufalitsidwa simenti mu kusakaniza. Pofuna kukwaniritsa izi, ndi bwino kusakaniza ndi mchenga wouma mpaka mtundu yunifolomu kenako wasukuluka ndi madzi.

Posachedwapa, kupatula chiwembu chakale, pamene yomalizidwa thovu konkire njira anawonjezera chipolowe pa liwiro otsika, ndi kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito porizatsionnuyu barotehnologiyu. kusiyana awo lagona mu njira ya mpweya entrainment mu mapangidwe osakaniza yotsirizidwa.

Porization - kugwiritsa ntchito mkulu-liwiro chosakanizira buku laling'ono. Nthumwi thobvu kwa thovu anawonjezera pa oyambitsa. Air limachokera mu osakaniza ndi mphamvu kugwedezekagwedezeka. Barotehnologiya - kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda losindikizidwa ndi kuthamanga ndi kusanganikirana mwachidule zigawo zikuluzikulu. N'zotheka kuwonjezera wothandizila thobvu mu madzi kapena thovu wokonzeka ndalama chofunika.

Frothers: ntchito mbali

Kumathandiza m'zaka za m'ma XIX kuti akonze dongosolo ma konkire osokonezeka mu Bovine njira magazi. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XX anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa cholinga muzu sopo. Tsopano, inu mukhoza kugula okonzeka kuwomba wothandizila kwa thovu. mtengo wake kudzadalira Mlengi, dziko kupanga ndi mtundu wa yogwira pophika. maganizo zoweta zikhoza kugulidwa ku 70 ( "Neoplast-5") kuti rubles 100 pa kilogalamu ( "PB-LUX"). Yachilendo nyimbo mapuloteni ndalama avareji nthawi 1.5 zodula. Mwachitsanzo, GreenFroth ndi kulongedza katundu 230 makilogalamu (zitsulo ng'oma) 125 p., Ndipo mtengo wa canister (10 L) adzakhala 185 rubles pa kilogalamu.

formulations amenewa amakhala zilipo monga mankhwala okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito zamalonda. Malinga Chinsinsi, iwo okha ndiwo ayenera wasukuluka ndi madzi. Njira yothetsera anali ndiye zimalowa jenereta thovu kumene umadutsa ndi filler wapadera. Mu zochita za otaya mpweya aziwapatsa wapanikizidwa ndi thovu khola aumbike wopangidwa thovu ambiri yaing'ono.

Ntchito ina ya nthumwi thobvu - ndi Kuwonjezera wa maganizo mwachindunji m'madzi mwa kusakaniza pa liwilo. Mchikakamizo cha kugwedezekagwedezeka anapanga thovu. Ndiye osakaniza lidawonjezeka kwa simenti ndi mchenga ndi mosalekeza yogwira mtima. Khalidwe la thovu ndi pang'ono poyerekeza kuti anawakonzera chiwembu zachikhalidwe.

Kupanga ndi mapuloteni thobvu wothandizila kwa thovu

Chiwembu zamakono ntchito, ndi kupanga organic zigawo zikuluzikulu. Mapuloteni kapena mapuloteni thobvu wothandizila amapangidwa ndi hydrolysis wa zipangizo zopangira chiyambi nyama pamaziko a magazi. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa izi zolinga chomera mtengo utomoni pambuyo saponification.

Natural thobvu wothandizila kwa thovu imatengedwa amene abwino kwambiri kupanga zinthu ntchito yomanga nyumba zogona. Izi ndi mfundo makamaka zachilengedwe ndi thanzi. mbali ina ya nkhaniyo - "chosalowerera" wa chotsirizidwa zotani.

Kupanga thobvu mtengo. Opanda ntchito zawo ndi kulephera kutulutsa otsika kachulukidwe thovu (makilogalamu zosakwana 300 / m³). Komanso, mphamvu za yomalizidwa midadada nyumba chipereka analogues opangidwa zochokera mapuloteni thovu.

Thobvu wothandizila kwa thovu ndi manja anu

Wokonzeka maganizo kwa kupanga lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira konkire kawirikawiri anagulitsa lalikulu zedi. Sikuti ndi mwayi kugula mu kuchuluka chofunika. Pakuti nyumba akhoza kukhala okonzekera thovu ikuwomba wothandizila kunyumba. Izi zimafuna paini rosin, kalipentala fupa zomatira, hydroxide ndi sodium (caustic koloko).

Kleekanifolny maganizo chimathandiza kupeza mpaka malita 500 thovu 1 kg. The porosity zakuthupi homogeneous. thovu akulemera pafupi 90 g / L. Ndi sayansi ya thovu laling'ono analandira - kuchokera mamilimita 0.1 kuti 0.4. Muzilimbikira kukonzekera za 2 h. Khalani kungakhale mu masabata 2-4. Opaleshoni kutentha ndi pakati pa 5 ndi 30 ° C.

The luso lokonzekera

Ntchito ikuchitika mu magawo awiri. Choyamba, muyenera kukonzekera m'munsi - rosin sopo. Pakuti thovu maganizo kwa yokonza 1 m³ lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira kufunika konkire: hydroxide ndi sodium (caustic koloko) - makilogalamu 0,016 ndi chingamu rosin - 0,06 makilogalamu. Ndiye, mu zikuchokera kuonjezera kukhuthala ndi mtendere wa anayambitsa joiner fupa zomatira - 0,063 kg.

Koloko wasukuluka ndi madzi kachulukidwe la makilogalamu 1.2 / dm³ njira. osakaniza anali usavutike ndi pang'onopang'ono anawonjezera kuti wosweka (mpaka 5 mm) utomoni. Kuti okwanira 1 koloko njira chofunika 1.5 makilogalamu rosin. Mu otentha osakaniza madzi osamba anakhalabe maola 1.5 2 pamene oyambitsa zonse mpaka kuvunda wathunthu wa zigawo zikuluzikulu.

zomatira Joiner a (tiled) anakonzeratu. Wake chisanadze pulverized nawatsanulira pa tsiku madzi (1:10). N'kumawotha zikuchokera 60 ° C, oyambitsa kukwaniritsa kuvunda wathunthu wa particles. Pambuyo zigawo utakhazikika wokonzeka sopo njira udzathiridwa mu zomatira mu chakudya chochepa chipolowe. The chiŵerengero cha mortars zomatira ndi "sopo" - 6: 1.