Bwalo mpanda ndi manja awo: kamangidwe options, zipangizo analimbikitsa

zing'onozing'ono kwambiri masiku ano zimaonetseratu bwalo cholinga zosangalatsa panja. Mbali A malo amenewa ndi kuti zili pamwamba pa nthaka, choncho nthawi zambiri wokwera pa kukafika kutsogolo kwa chipongwe kuteteza kugwa kwa munthu kuchokera kumwamba ndi. Bwalo mpanda si nthawi zonse ndi polojekiti, ndi pali zochitika komwe pamaso pa nyumba zoteteza zitavuta kale ntchito verandas. Pa nthawi imeneyi, mwini ayenera kudziwa kapangidwe zakuthupi ndi njira yoika zinthu zozitetezera. Lero tiona, kodi ndi bwino kuti mpanda masitepe, mungachite anthu, izo zikhoza kuchitidwa ndi mmene kupirira ntchito paokha.

mitundu ya nyumba

Ndi magwiridwe kusiyanitsa m'nyumba ndi panja m'makola mwawo.

Yoyamba waikidwa kuteteza nsanja ku view, mphepo, mvula, ndi zinthu zina zochitika mumlengalenga.

lotseguka kuchinga kapangidwe mokulirapo amakwaniritsa ntchito kukongoletsa. Zilibe ndigwire malo kafukufuku ndi samaletsa dzuwa pa pakhonde. Kupanga chisankho mokomera zochita, tisaiwale kuti malo awa zambiri ntchito. Pakuti kukhudzana pazipita ndi chikhalidwe, dzuwa kusamba, zomera kukula, kapena zikondwerero mu mpweya wabwino ndi options abwino lotseguka. Ndi kokha Pankhaniyi muyenera kukonzekera chakuti mwadzidzidzi anayamba mphepo kapena mvula kungasokoneze mapulani anu.

Zimene i kusankha mfundo chipongwe

Choyamba zipangizo zonse anasankha ayenera kudzapeza cigawo mogwirizana ndi zokongoletsa ozungulira. Popanda tanthauzo ndi kulemera kwa kumanga tsogolo. Ndi zofunika kuti mankhwala si kulemera pansi pa bwalo, m'munsi imene masamu pa katundu wina. Njira asankhidwa ndi kupirira mmene chilengedwe, kukhala undemanding kusamalira ndi zovuta kukhazikitsa. M'pofunika kulabadira kupezeka kwa mankhwala, kotero kuti mu nkhani kukonzedwa, inu mosavuta kugula chinthu cha m'malo. Zipangizo ntchito yomanga zotchinga pamenepo chilengedwe ndi kupanga. Aliyense mtundu uli ndi makhalidwe ake abwino ndi oipa, pamene kupanga kusankha, m'pofunika kuti adziwane bwino ndi aliyense wa iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

synthetics

Kuchinga masitepe zopangidwa angapange, wokongola chifukwa sikutanthauza kusamalidwa ndi mankhwala. Chotero mchitidwe kunja kugonjetsedwa kwambiri kwa chinyezi, yofanana kutentha ndipo motero ali ndi maonekedwe odzionetsera kwambiri. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo malonda zopangidwa PVC ndi matabwa polima gulu (WPC).

Nkhani yotsirizira limaoneka lofanana mitengo zachilengedwe utoto. Linapangidwa ndi kuyanjana ndi ma polima ndi nkhuni zamkati, chifukwa mu osakaniza pulasitiki, kulola kuchita zinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri zikuchokera. Tikumbukenso kuti ngakhale n'zofanana ndi nkhuni, mitundu kwathunthu wopanda makhalidwe onse oipa zipangizo zachilengedwe yaiwisi. Iwo zimaonetsa mphamvu yapamwamba, kukana kwa chinyezi, si sachedwa deformations ndipo sasiya chikuoneka choyambirira pa ntchito. Kwambiri ntchito chibadidwe mu KDP, kupanga izi ndi otchuka kwambiri - iwo kupeza chisoni kwambiri ya ogula.

Mipanda PVC amakopeka ndi ndalama zake otsika ndi omasuka unsembe, koma fragility mapulasitiki salola kuti zimene zofanana mpikisano zipangizo achilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri ndi ntchito ngati chinthu kukongoletsa si choti kupirira mavuto alionse.

zitsulo kuchinga

Zitsulo zamwano kupereka mlingo wapamwamba wa chitetezo cha alendo pakhonde. Wangwiro ndi khola kapangidwe mwangwiro kupirira amadza makina ndi kuteteza kugwa kuchokera pa nsanja. Komabe, onani kuti mpanda wa masitepe zitsulo ayenera kuyang'ana kaso, kuyambira zinthu wakuda ndi zambiri ankawonjezereka dongosolo ndipo m'kupita maziko sikungakuthandizeni katundu zina.

Kupanga chipongwe linapanga ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito steels zosapanga, zomwe ndi moyo utumiki kutsatirabe zinthu chinyezi mkulu. Ngati ife kulankhula za mbali chuma, ndi ponena kuti mtengo zitsulo mpanda masitepe sangathe anaika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina zapadera kuwotcherera, amene kwambiri kumakhudzanso mtengo wa dongosolo lonse. Mtengo kapangidwe chingapezeke mwa osakaniza zipangizo zingapo. Posachedwapa, kuphatikiza yapamwamba kwambiri nkhuni ndi zitsulo zigawo, choncho mpanda si cholimba, komanso wotsogola.

nyumba matabwa

Bwalo mpanda wa mitengo ndi abwino mu nthawi imene nyumba ndi malo osewerera anapangidwa ndi zinthu zofanana. mankhwala amenewa ndi otchuka kwambiri chifukwa mitengo ndi mwachilungamo zosavuta kusamalira, wakupatsani kuti kwambiri zosiyanasiyana chipongwe kutisokoneza. zizindikiro zimenezi zabwino monga chakuti nyumba matabwa ndi khola kwambiri ndipo ndi kulemera otsika. mankhwala oteteza ndi yankho kuchepetsa kuipa zipangizo zachilengedwe zosaphika ndi zokulitsa moyo wa mankhwala zinthu panja. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndi zamwano ndi mtengo ndi zovuta kubwezeretsa ndi kukonza.

ambuye skilful kusankha zinthu izi, chifukwa izo zimandipatsa mwayi wotulutsa ndi kukhazikitsa mpanda ndi manja ake, popanda zipangizo zina zapadera. Popeza mfundo imeneyi, tidzapitiriza kuganizira njira kupanga kusonkhana ziwembu matabwa izo.

Njira yaikulu ya malo zakuthupi

Ndi kuphedwa kwa njira zikuphatikizapo embodiments zotsatirazi masitepe kuchinga:

- ofukula (pamene mizati onse, njanji ndi zinthu zina imakonzedwa perpendicular pansi);

- yopingasa (poganiza oyenera wa jumper, balusters ndi zipilala);

- mtanda (ambuye ndi zinthu zonse kuchinga kotero kuti iwo alipo wina ndi mnzake).

kusankha mitengo

Ngati mukupita kuti mpanda masitepe mtengo, chidwi ziperekedwe kwa kusankha mtundu abwino nkhuni. Mwa nthawi imeneyi ayenera kulankhula mosamala, chifukwa mtundu uliwonse wa matabwa ndi oyenera ntchito mu mapangidwe panja.

Njira imatengedwa kuti pine. akuphatikizapo lili zili mkulu wa utomoni, amene amateteza zinthu ku chinyezi ndi, kumathandiza kuyanika kunja ndiponso kupewa mapangidwe zowola, nkhungu ndi cinoni. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu chamtengo wapatali ndipo mtengo. Zikuphatikizapo thundu, mumamera Siberia larch. Njira yamasika ali kwambiri durability - n'zotheka kuchita popanda ❖ kuyanika atetezeke.

Kugwiritsa spruce zotheka mankhwala chisanadze kutentha. Wood phulusa, chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa zinthu mumlengalenga, si abwino ntchito panja.

ntchito kukonzekera

Musanayambe kupanga chipongwe, muyenera kulenga zojambula mwatsatanetsatane za zomangamanga m'tsogolo komwe adzaphatikizapo m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa mipanda masitepe, komanso chiwerengero ndi magawo a zinthu zonse.

Chifukwa malo ili pamwamba pansi, ndi bwino kuika mpanda osachepera 1 mita. mipanda angagwiritsidwe ntchito zamitundu yonse ya masitepe otsika. Chotsatira - mawerengedwe a nambala chofunika zake. Iwo anaika mu mphambano iliyonse ya bwalo, ndipo ngati ziri zazikulu, ndiye kuti zonse masentimita 120.

Monga tanena kale, kuchinga masitepe angathe kuchitidwa mu zosiyanasiyana Mabaibulo, amene amasiyana njira unsembe. Tikambirana losavuta ogwiritsa njira, amene sayambitsa mavuto alionse.

amathandiza ogwiritsa zipangizo zamakono

Kutengera pa magawo tinasonkhanitsa pa miyezo ya kuyamba kupanga kuchinga. Achikhalire woyamba thandizo. Kutenga mitanda awa a mtanda gawo lalikulu, amene makulidwe zimadalira katundu Angazigwiritse ndi miyeso ya pakhonde. zinthu izi ziyenera kukhala okhwima ndi mphamvu zokwanira, chifukwa iwo kudziwa chitetezo cha alendo pa malire a m'dera panja. Kutalika kwa zogwiriziza ayenera kukhala 20 cm pamwamba pa chipongwe yokha (ngati woyamba sayendera simenti).

Pa kukafika kutsogolo kwa verandah ndi kuchonga malo amene mizati adzakhala anaika.

Pakuti pachithandara awo phiri mphako odulidwa mu yazokonza pansi nkhuni. M'lifupi zamkati ayenera zikugwirizana makulidwe a komiti m'munsi. Chinthu chifukwa yakwera mtengo ndipo tili m'mavuto kuti ndi thandizo la zomangira mipando.

akukonzekera handrails

Nthawi zambiri, ndi handrails ali anakonza njira yomweyo monga mizati waukulu. Monga ntchito slats odulidwa chipongwe kapena anazikonzeratu baluster. N'zothekanso kupanga ndi chipongwe mu chimango chomwe pambuyo msonkhano waikidwa mu kutseguka pakati pa zogwiriziza awiri. mbali m'munsi amamangiriridwa m'munsi mwa khonde, ndi chapamwamba njanji chamangiriridwa njanji. Pa nthawi imeneyi, dongosolo matabwa mayesero kwa mphamvu ndi kukhazikika. Mothandizidwa ndi mlingo mzimu kudziwa ndi kuthetsa zolakwa zonse.

malo ndi katundu waukulu tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa stiffeners zina mwa mawonekedwe a ang'ono zoongoka matabwa. Iwo anakonza kuti iwo saletsa ndi gulu womasuka kwa anthu a nyumbayi.

Pa chomaliza unsembe ndi amodzi inlays ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana chofunika kuti kalembera ya mpanda.

Kumapeto ntchito, zinthu zonse matabwa asonyezedwa wokutidwa ndi nyimbo njira zodzitetezera shading, kupereka zotsatira kukongoletsa.