Botanical Garden ku Saint-Petersburg: photos, mtengo ndi ndandanda

Botanical Garden ku St. Petersburg - amodzi mwa malo otchuka mu mzinda, zowoneka ake ndi kunyada. Panopa, iye akutchedwa ndi Botanical Garden wa Botanical Institute wa V. L. Komarova , Russian Academy of Sciences, kale anali kupereka mutu wa Imperial Botanical Garden.

ngodya ino ya chilengedwe monga amakopeka okonda greenery ndi zomera. Ake alendo - okhala ndi alendo. Botanical Garden - chilengedwe lapadera Chili chisamaliro wofatsa ndi ntchito ya anthu, ndi chilengedwe chokongola pachimake.

nkhani

Garden botanical ku St. Petersburg linakhazikitsidwa ndi Peter I mu 1713 monga Apothecary Garden, amene ayenera kukula zitsamba ndi zomera ntchito mankhwala. Inali pa wakuda chilumba, yomwe kenako anadzatchedwa ndi Apothecary. gawo pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka, izo tsopano munda ano chimakwirira mahekitala oposa 16. Botanical Garden ku St. Petersburg kuyambira nthawi ya penipeni kugwira ntchito limodzi zosiyanasiyana mabungwe zachipatala, sayansi ndi maphunziro ndi mabizinezi a dziko, zikupereka pophunzitsa ophunzira a ku Yunivesite, ndi chionetsero ndi kuwatsogolera maulendo ana sukulu.

Pa chiyambi cha XIX atumwi zinali osasamalika, mbewu zazing'ono - mitundu yekha pafupifupi 1,500, anachita magulu awiri - botanical ndi mankhwala. Mu 1823 m'munda anaganiza Sinthani dzina ya mfumu, kotero ntchito inayambika ziŵalo zake ndi kusintha. Komanso, ochokera m'mayiko ankapereka kwa zomera latsopano, kachiwiri anamanganso ndi ankamangidwanso nyumba, ennobled gawo. Pang'ono atabwera kowonera zakale ndi laibulale. Botanical Garden ku St. Petersburg lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito osati kwa chipatala ndi umoyo, komanso ntchito kafukufuku. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIX, ndodo yake anapanga kukaona ku dziko chifukwa zitsanzo chomera, zolinga sayansi akhala kwambiri.

Pa chiyambi cha XX m'ma Botanical Garden ku St. Petersburg, m'manja mwa Academy of Sciences wa USSR, ndipo analenga Institute Botanical ankachita nawo chitukuko ndi resettlement. Komanso, ntchito kafukufuku akhala ambiri. USSR ndodo sayansi zikugwira chitukuko cha zinthu oyenera zomera zosiyanasiyana, mavuto a kukula ndi acclimatization. Pa WWII munda anadwala mabomba ndi zowawa zomvetsa yaikulu. Pafupifupi akutanthauza anataika zomera, mitundu makamaka chosowa zotentha za zomera, mitengo, maluwa hothouse, ndi zambiri. Mu nthawi ya nkhondo anawononga kukatentha ndi onse zomera kutentha wachikondi irretrievably anataya. Save anakwanitsa mitundu ochepa amene tapulumutsidwa ndi antchito: Nthawi zina akhala akuchita mu nyumba kapena kumanzere mu kutentha laling'ono, limene kutenthetsa ovens. Nkhondo itatha, munda pang'onopang'ono limzake. Inde, anatenga nthawi yaitali ndipo mtengo wa khama yaikulu kwambiri ndodo onse ndi anthu osayanjanitsika.

M'madipatimenti wa Botanical Garden

Pakuti chamoyo wabwino wa zinthu zonse ikuchitika botanical lagawidwa m'madipatimenti osiyana ndi mitundu ya ntchito. Botanical Garden ku St. Petersburg - si yekha paki, komanso greenhouses angapo zomera pano nyengo otentha, Arboretum - Garden kunyada, pali angapo mitundu zikwi za mitengo, herbarium zopereka, wopangidwa mwa mazana herbals, analengedwa ndi asayansi-botanists pa kwa zaka zambiri.

Munda ali kowonera zakale yake, kumene zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho a zikwi za zomera kawirikawiri ndi gasi. Museum zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho kudzadza mpaka tsopano, linapangitsa asayansi ambiri, akatswiri kwa zaka osiyana, otchuka a sayansi ndi zomera. chiwerengero cha zinthu kuposa 80,000! Laibulale ali oposa 600 ntchito. Seminary Botanical Garden analengedwera openga mbewu ndi akupanga zomera kunja maluwa. Tizilombo Laboratory wakhala akufufuza katundu wa zomera zosiyanasiyana. Kuyambira 1901, a Botanical Garden anayamba kutulutsa magazini yake. Dzinali linasinthidwa maulendo angapo, koma mu 1933 anaganiza kuphatikiza ndi bukhu la "Botanical Journal wa USSR." Patapita nthawi, potsiriza amatchedwa "Botanical Magazine".

FYI

zisudzo zosiyanasiyana ndi zochitika umachitika chaka chonse, koma malingana ndi nyengo ikuchitikira m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana. Pitani botanical ku St. Petersburg, mukhoza chaka chonse, ndipo nthawi iliyonse iwo adzasiya mtima kwambiri. Chilimwe mpweya kuchokera zikwi zomera maluwa, kawirikawiri ndi zosowa. M'dzinja paki kukopa chidwi kukongola kwa masamba akuda, zokongola inali ntchito m'nyengo yozizira. maulendo maphunziro anapereka malo ndi woyendetsa paki ndi greenhouses, unaccompanied, inu mukhoza kukaona paki nthawi kuchokera May kwa October.

maulendo

magulu ulendowu anapanga ndi kudzikundikira anthu 15 - zili alendo. Mukhoza buku maulendo pasadakhale. Wotchuka kwambiri wa iwo - "Chipinda cha zigawo zotentha za Dziko Lapansi", "Chipinda subtropical madera a Dziko Lapansi," "Yendani pa Arboretum" pa Palm House ndi Madzi kutentha. Botanical Garden (St. Petersburg) - chithunzi cha alendo wokaona wosaiwalika ndi m'Matchalitchi kukongola ndi ulemerero wa zomera ndi maluwa.

Ntchito nthawi ndi ndalama

Botanical Garden (St. Petersburg) amagwira ntchito masiku asanu ndi awiri pa sabata, kwa maola 11 mpaka 16. Yekha ndi Lolemba. A malo a zomera lotseguka nthaka ndi maola 10 kuti 18 anatsegula Botanical Garden (Saint-Petersburg). mitengo tikiti zimadalira cholinga cha ulendo: kuyenda mu paki ndalama 40 rubles kwa tikiti wamkulu, khomo inali ya - 220 rubles. Photo ndi kanema kuwombera, nayenso, analipira, kuyambira 90 rubles ndi apamwamba.

Kubwezeretsa zopereka ndi Maulendo

Popeza pochimanga, ndi Botanical Garden kubwezeretsanso zopereka zawo zokha ndi m'mayiko - mbewu ndi mbande anagulidwa mu England, Germany, Holland. Kuyambira mu 1830, kugwiridwa ndi maulendo wapadera asayansi mu Caucasus, dera Caspian, Baku, Kamchatka kubwezeretsanso zopereka munda ndi kulimbikitsa ntchito kafukufuku. Kuyambira maulendo kunja anabweretsa zomera chilumba cha Saint Helena, Rio de Janeiro, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Brazil.

Botanical Garden wamanga nawo mbali pa zida za osati utumwi wawo, koma utumwi makampani ena ndi mabungwe. Komanso, zomera wabweretsedwa kuno apaulendo ambiri mwaufulu - ndi lokwera wa Tien Shan, Issyk-Kul, m'chigawo Ussuri.

Mmodzi wa chomera chatsopano, chomwe chili ndi botanical - chitumbuwa, kunja kwa Japan. Zolinga posachedwapa kulenga wapadera Alley Sakura.