Asidi Terephthalic: mankhwala katundu, ntchito yokonza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito

oimira zofunika mankhwala polycarboxylic zonunkhira ndi phthalic opangidwa kuchokera ku asidi umaimiridwa ndi zina isomers - ortho-isomer (mwachindunji, asidi phthalic), pambuyo-isomer (isophthalic acid) ndi Para-isomer (terephthalic). Onse a gulu la zinthu kwambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana mafakitale.

Terephthalic asidi - wangwiro colorless crystalline ufa zopezera anachita madzi gawo makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa paraxylene pamaso pa salt cobalt projecting catalysts. Mogwirizana kwa thunthu ndi zosiyanasiyana alcohols kumabweretsa mapangidwe a mankhwala mankhwala Ester gulu. Yaikulu othandiza ntchito ndi dimethyl terephthalate.

Terephthalic asidi ndi applicable chifukwa kaphatikizidwe wa polyethylene terephthalate (PET) - ndi mandala kutentha zosagwira polima akamagwira polycondensation anachita zinthu ndi ethylene glycol. Ndiyeno kuyambira iwo udzabala mabotolo pulasitiki, ulusi poliyesitala terilenovoy Group, amadziwika pansi pa dzina "poliyesitala", komanso zosiyanasiyana muli ma CD kwa makampani chakudya, zigawo zikuluzikulu zamakono ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo.

Malinga ndi katundu wawo mankhwala ofanana terephthalic asidi monocarboxylic pawiri. Iye pa Kutentha kapena mutamwa, otchedwa dehydrating zinthu mosavuta ndipamene salt, esters, zovuta dongosolo maselo, anhydrides, amides monga magulu imodzi kapena ziwiri carboxyl. Terephthalic asidi komanso alowa esterification anachita, chifukwa cha zimene mono- ndi diesters anapanga. Pa Kutentha kwa zinthu crystalline kutentha osati madigiri osachepera mazana awiri anati decarboxylation kupereka mankhwala okhala ndi chiwerengero kochepa a magulu carboxyl. Komabe, zimene mu electrophilic M'MALO nthawi yaitali pamalo angawa mphete kuyamba Zitatero Movutikira.

asidi Phthalic mwachibadwa opezeka pigment wobiriwira zomera ndi nyemba poppy mbewu. Wa ena ofanana ndi zofunika kwambiri mankhwala dibutyl efa ndi dimethyl phthalate, amene ntchito ngati plasticizers katundu mapadi, vinilu ma polima ndi rubbers. Komanso, dimethyl, diethyl ndi dibutyl phthalate ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika za mankhwala othamangitsa osiyana.

asidi Isophthalic chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga unsaturated resins poliyesitala. Popeza isophthalates ndi plasticizers kwambiri. Komabe, ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya gulu benzenepolycarboxylic mankhwala ali asidi koma terephthalic, amene ntchito kaphatikizidwe wa zinthu zofunika kwa makampani monga polyethylene terephthalate ndi dimethyl terephthalate. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito kupanga malamba a asilikali osiyana, zingwe, malamba conveyor, maukonde, matanga, ngalawa, trawls, petulo ndi hoses nefteustoychivyh, fasteners "mphezi", zingwe za rackets tennis, ndi zina zambiri. Komanso, yosalala thonje nsalu imene kupanga chinthu ntchito, umatulutsa zovala, osiyanasiyana minofu (crepe, tweed, bafuta, etc.), makatani mankhwala, raincoat, ambulera ndi zovala zipangizo, malaya, masitonkeni, zovala ana etc.

Pomaliza, tisaiwale kuti asidi benzenepolycarboxylic mndandanda onse zinthu aukali kwambiri ndi poizoni. Choncho, nthawi zonse Ufumuyo kwa Zofunika Safety Data Mapepala, lomwe limatchula katundu onse ndi makhalidwe a pawiri, komanso ngati ndondomeko ndi malamulo adagwira ntchito nawo pamodzi.