Arabat Linga: kufotokoza ndi chithunzi. Momwe kuti linga la?

Kwa zaka zikwi zambiri Crimea chilumba anali zochitika za nkhondo pakati limati osiyana. Pofuna kulimbikitsa pamalo ake ngodya iyi pamalo abwino ofunika kwa forts dziko anthu anamanga, ambiri amene anapulumuka lero.

Today mu Crimea, alendo akhoza kufufuza Genoese, Byzantine ndi Roma citadel. Watetezanso malinga Turkey. Pakati pawo malo apadera wotanganidwa ndi mpanda wolimba Arabat.

Wapadera nyumba imeneyi kumbuyo chifukwa chakuti imene inali pakati pa nyanja ya Azov ndi Sivash pa Mzere yopapatiza m'dziko, choncho pa nthawi molondola kuteteza chilumba kuukira kuchokera kumpoto.

dzina

Ofufuza ena, mawu akuti "Arabat" ndi lochokera Turkic ndipo limatanthauza "mzinda" ndipo kwenikweni - ". Chinachake anakonza kutsogolo" Palinso nkhambakamwa kuti dzina la uyu akubwera kuchokera Chiarabu ndipo limatanthauza "kulimbikitsa". Mulimonsemo, amphamvu Arabat linga, amene anali atazunguliridwa ndi chiunda chomenyerapo nkhondo mkulu ndi chemba kwambiri, anapereka dzina la dera linalake - zokongola yaitali mchenga malovu umene umawalekanitsa Azov Sea ku Gulf of Siwash.

Mbiri ya citadel ku Crimea kwa Russia

Odalirika zokhudza pamene anakhazikitsidwa Arabat linga, sanakhale ndi moyo. Komabe, woyamba olembedwa chikumbutso cha citadel pa dera limeneli limatchedwa-Monayskogo Korinto m'buku "Kufotokozera za Ukraine" linalembedwa ndi ku France H. Boplan amatanthauza 1651 Choncho, nthawi zambiri, ndi mpanda inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 17. Zitetezedwe Polemba wotchuka Turkey wapaulendo Evliya Çelebi, amene, paulendo wake mu Ottoman, anapita Crimea ndi Arabat amafotokozedwa kuti "lalikulu ndi lamphamvu mwala nsanja ya mawonekedwe chonse," akutumikira kuteteza chilumba ku Kalmyks ndi Cossacks. Ananenanso monga woyambitsa wa citadel Mehmed Giray Khan, ayenera kuti amanena mwana wa mkulu wa Saadet Crimea.

The linga ndi Cossacks

Turkey citadel kuteteza Crimea kuchokera kumpoto chakumadzulo anakhalabe yaitali kufikako. Mu Cossacks 1668 molamulidwa ndi Koshevoy Ivan Horn, anadzasokoneza mpanda wolimba ndi kupha asilikali ake. Popeza kuti cholinga cha opaleshoniyo Cossack chiopsyezo Turkey, angakhale otsekeredwa mu citadel, amene anabwezeretsedwa Ottoman.

Nthawi yachiwiri, Cossacks Arabat Linga anasiya ntchito mu chaka cha 1737, pamene Regiment Onesimo Bilogo ntchito akuponya madzi chifukwa mphepo kuchotsedwa anasamukira Siwash ndipo analanda mpanda. Kupambana ndi nthawi ino sanali komaliza: posachedwa Cossacks ndi atulutsidwa citadel, ndi kubwerera ku Turkey.

Igwani Arabat

Pomaliza, linga unagonjetsedwa ndi asilikali a Russian molamulidwa ndi V. M. Dolgorukova, pambuyo pake chinali asilikali ankhondo. Iye anachita ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa Crimea nkhondo, osati kulola ankafika anagwirizana ndi adani a Arabat Malovu, kumene kukanatsogolera ku lazungulira a asilikali Russian.

Mu 1860 mpanda wolimba anataya kufunika ake abwino ndipo anayamba kutha. Komanso, anthu a midzi yoyandikana anayamba dismantle khoma ndi ntchito miyala zomangamanga awo kumangira nyumba zawo. Kuchokera pa kubwezeretsedwa kwa citadel ndi pafupifupi kuchita zimenezi pa nthawi ndi mu mkhalidwe wokongola chisoni.

Arabat Linga: kufotokoza

The Citadel udaikidwa ndi akatswiri Turkey mogwirizana ndi malamulo onse a yomanga chitetezo nyengo. Zithunzi anagwidwa ndi Kanema, ngakhale mu maonekedwe dilapidated, bwino akufanana ndi Pentagon yaikulu.

Arabatskaya citadel anateteza chemba wodzazidwa ndi madzi amaperekedwa ku Nyanja ya Azov. Ku linga akhala zakale ngalandezi kulola Turkey mu mwambo wa kuzinga m'nyanja mwakachetechete kupeza pagombe usiku ndi kuukira pa zombo za adani. Mkati m'kaidi anakonza - dzenje kumene akaidiwo anali, omwe amayenera kukhala pamenepo, pamene kumbuyo iwo sadzakhala dipo.

Arabat Linga anali makomo awiri ndi unagawidwa 5 bastions ndi munakhazikitsa Cannon, omwe anakonza kuti citadel akhoza kuteteza ku madera angapo nthawi imodzi.

zikuchitika

Alendo ambiri makamaka kubwera kwa Crimea kuona pali zambiri nkhondo zipilala. Arabat Linga ndi m`modzi wa iwo.

Pa nthawi, ku phata kamodzi yoopsa zinali mbali yaing'ono chabe. Awa ndi makombo a mpanda wolimba ndi munakhazikitsa ndi khomo Chipilala kum'mwera. Ochititsa chidwi kutsinde, amene m'madera ena kufika msinkhu wa mamita 7-8. Maonekedwe amakono a mpanda mosiyana ndi mmene anali mu nthawi ya ulamuliro Turkey, monga mu masiku oyambirira a Crimea nkhondo, namponya miyala ya laimu njerwa. Near mpanda wolimba ndi watetezanso bunkers angapo German unatsala pa sakhalitsa yogwiritsa ntchito malo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.

nthano

The linga pa Arabat Malovu kwa zaka zoposa 150 wawonongekeratu. Pa nthawi imeneyi, anthu am'deralo kwambiri nthano. Mwachitsanzo, kunena kuti patsogolo ulimi mu migodi mchere, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mabwinja, mnyamata ankagwira ntchito Memet. Iye ankafuna ndalama ukwati, kotero iye anagwira ntchito mwakhama. Posakhalitsa, mnyamatayu anadwala kwambiri. Iye anafunsa mwini kulipira moona udachita ndalama zawo ndi kupita kunyumba. Iye anakana ndipo analamula kuti Mehmet anapitiriza ntchito mpaka mapeto a mawu amene anali aganyo. Pasanapite chinachitika mpaka kalekale, ndipo mnyamatayo anamwalira. Kenako pa manda ake, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mpanda wa linga wa, mchere anayamba kuoneka Madontho, chokhala zolembedwa Arabic. Monga am'deralo kunena, kotero wovutika Memet kuyesera kuuza moyo pokwiya pa tsoka wankhanza ndi kutemberera mbuye zoipa.

Masulani pa Arabat Malovu

Ndi posachedwapa, malo awa anayamba kukopa okonda gombe, makamaka chifukwa cha makoma citadel la nyanja ukufika akuya mamita 2 yekha pa mtunda wa mamita 100 kuchokera pamtunda. Chifukwa ichi, madzi umafunda mwamsanga - kutentha akhoza kufika madigiri 30. Komanso, mpweya pa Arabat Malovu lili awiri ayodini ndi bromine Choncho, zothandiza kwambiri kwa ana ndi amene akudwala matenda a m'mapapo.

Si kale pa Arabatke anali anapeza akasupe madzi mchere, amene amathandiza pa matenda a matenda mantha dongosolo ndi fupa zosiyanasiyana ndi mavuto olowa. Komanso, pali nkhokwe yaikulu mchere brine ndi matope.

Arabat malovu abwino nsomba bungwe, chifukwa apo mukhoza kugwira fulonda, mullet, pelengasa ndi ng'ombe. Zimapezeka m'Nyanja ya Azov ndi shrimp.

Arabat Linga: bwanji kuti

Malo Hrs wa citadel a amakhala ndi ndondomeko 45 ° 17 '44 38 'kumpoto kumpoto ndi 35 ° 28 '41 83' kum'mawa longitude.

Pagalimoto akhoza anafika ndi Interstate msewu Moscow - Simferopol. Umagwirizanitsa kuti ochititsa chidwi pa Henichesk, ndiye kuyatsa Cholozera ndi kupitiriza galimoto ku siteshoni mpweya (20 Km from chikatikati cha). Kuyambira pamenepo, muyenera lidzayenda kwa nyanja kenako amapita m'linga. Pezani kuti Arabatke zotheka ndi sitima, amene atanena Genichesk, Arabat Malovu kapena Novoalekseevka. Kuti aliyense wa okwerera awa, inu mukhoza kutenga takisi chomwe chidzachitike kwa mpanda wolimba kwambiri.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa chiyani chidwi Arabat Linga mu Crimea, komanso zochitika zomwe zikuchitika mu citadel imeneyi kwa zaka zambiri.